新概念英语第三册强调词汇解析

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　　时光如梭，白驹过隙。屈指算来，从我第一次接触“新三”到现在，已经十个年头有余。依我自己的学习体会来看，“新三”中有一个非常实用但又容易被人忽略的语言现象，那就是我在这里所要给大家诠释的——强调词汇。一旦彻底掌握了这个语言点，你其实就掌握了日常口语及写作中非常重要的基本语言“润色”能力。
        　　与此同时，这一类词语由于其具备强调的意义通常也是句子中需要“重读”的关键词语，掌握它们的其作用自然不言而喻。我相信，列出的大部分词语都是大家使用的高频词汇。但是，真正在意识上会把它们当成一类工具词语来使用并且刻意添加以加强语气或充实句子的人很少。要知道，积累、分类强调词汇其实是通向语言variety(多样性)的第一条道路，非常关键。
        　　当然，词不离句，我在这里首先要澄清一个优先概念：强调句型(注意不是强调句)。表示强调的句型我们简称为“强调句型”，包括倒装句强调句感叹句等。这里我主要涉及的是强调句型中的一支：“强调词汇”——即通过词汇来表达情感。
        　　接下来我就根据意义进行分类，再结合例句给大家介绍这些强调词汇(以adv.为主)的作用，并且总结这些词在新概念三册中的所有相关例句。非常巧，这其中包含了大量新概念三的经典钻石句，这也间接说明了我在此总结并希望大家熟练掌握强调词汇的重要性。希望大家在看完各部分的单独分析后再参照我后面所列出的新概念三册里的例句巩固加深记忆并且掌握各种语境下的用法。
        　　一、“很” ：VERY
        　　在表示“非常”“很”或“太”的时候，我们有不少词能够表达类似的意思：
        　　awfully (= terribly 既可表可怕 也有awfully beautiful = very beautiful表示“很”)
        　　badly (非常极度 The babies are badly in need of domestic milk powder
substitute.)
        　　bloody (英式英语中表“忒”的意思 例如bloody well right表示“非常好”)
        　　dame (英语口语表示强烈情感时候经常用 例如“很好”用dame good)
        　　deadly (极度的绝对的 He was deadly heartbroken by her ex-girlfriend.)
        　　dearly (从深情引申到深深 He was dearly in love with her at that time.)
        　　dreadfully (= terribly 例如表示“怕得要命”be dreadfully scared)
        　　much (表很大程度上通常用作句首倒装 引导转折 Much as…+不带but的转折)
        　　enormously (万分非常 He was enormously grateful for her backing him up
then.)
        　　enough (表充足= abundant = adequate 但接在adj. adv. 后表示“很” well enough)
        　　exceedingly (= extremely 非常好的同意替换词He drove exceedingly fast.)
        　　extremely (最常用的表极度的词语)
        　　even (更加 He looked even better/worse after the treatment. 有时能跟long替换)
        　　far (相当程度的 They seem far too close as normal friends.)
        　　highly (各种讲话中最常用的表示“高度”的词 He was highly praised.高度赞扬)
        　　over (太 过分的 例如over anxious表过度焦虑)
        　　so (如此 It was so stupid of him to come up with such an idea that almost
killed us.)
        　　terribly(注意跟thanks to = because一样没有感情偏向He was terribly lucky.)
        　　too (常跟其它表示“很”的词搭配使用 He is only too willing to be of her service.)
        　　way (常以way too/over/off/above搭配的形式出现表示“大大”或“远远超过”)
        　　well (= way 例如His intelligence is well above an average 3-years old.)
        　　新概念三册里的例句：
        　　L12: They were taking a badly damaged boat from the Virgin Islands to Miami
to have it repaired.
        　　L21: Mendoza did much to change crude prizefighting into a sport, for he
brought science to the game.
        　　L22: Much to the aristocrat's amusement, the gaoler returned a few moments
later with a pair of glasses and the usual copy of the letter with he proceeded
to read to the prisoner.
        　　L26: Much as we may pride ourselves on our good taste, we are no longer
free to choose the things we want, for advertising exerts a subtle influence on
us.
        　　L30: Eric had been the eldest son of the family, very much older than his
two brothers.
            
            

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        　　二、“仅” ：ONLY
        　　这里包括了大家最容易混淆的两类词：hardly与narrowly，希望能通过以下解释加深印象彻底理解消化两者的不同之处。
        　　almost (= narrowly 几乎差不多 He was almost asleep.)
        　　a mere (= merely 仅仅不过 a mere kid/50 dollars)
        　　but (= only 例如hopes that lasted but a moment仅仅持续了片刻的希望)
        　　barely (=hardly仅仅 几乎没 I could barely do it without the supporting
figures.)
        　　exclusively (排他的独有的 This room is exclusively for women.)
        　　hardly (刚刚 注意和narrowly区别 例如hardly missed= didn’t miss没有错过)
        　　just (= narrowly 差点就不 主义和hardly区别 例如just missed being hit没被砸)
        　　merely (只不过 I merely wanted to be informed of the truth of the
accident.)
        　　narrowly (勉强的 恰好 注意和hardly区别 例如narrowly missed= missed)
        　　scarcely (= hardly几乎不 I scarcely ever loved her when we were together.)
        　　scantily (= hardly 除表缺乏外还表示“仅仅” The room was scantily furnished.)
        　　simply (= merely 只不过 It is simply a matter of time.)
        　　新概念三册里的例句：
        　　L6: At this time of the morning, the arcade was almost empty.
        　　L16: When he went outside half an hour later, he was astonished to find the
little black lamb was almost white.
        　　L27: Beggars almost sell themselves as human being to arouse the pity of
passers-by.
        　　L35: There are rare instances when justice almost ceases to be an abstract
concept.
        　　L43: The sides of the dish were so smooth that it was almost impossible to
attach hawsers and chains to the rim without damaging it.
            
            

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        　　三、“就” ：JUST
        　　以下词语常用于表示“尤其”或“就是”的意思。
        　　especially (= particularly格外 特别I love her, especially when she smiles.)
        　　exactly (如你所说 用于表示赞同Is she the one you are waiting for? Exactly.)
        　　immediately (紧接着 就 例如L33 The woman immediately behind the two cars…)
        　　indeed (真的 的确就He was indeed in rapture after hearing the news.)
        　　namely (= that is to say 即 就是 换句话说Only one man survived, namely me.)
        　　right (仅用于加强语气 例如一段歌词中Open your heart he will walk right in.)
        　　particularly (很大程度上 特别的I particular like the smile on her pretty face.)
        　　precisely (= exactly 准确Tell me precisely what you want.正是如此Precisely
so.)
        　　peculiarly (特别特殊的 That customer is peculiarly tough to deal with.)
        　　the very (表示“就是那个”She is the very one I have been waiting for all my
life.)
        　　新概念三册里的例句：
        　　L28: I felt especially pleased with my wonderful bargain -- until I got
back to the ship.
        　　L47: Lawn mowers whining on a summer's day, late-night parties in apartment
blocks, noisy neighbors, vehicles of al kinds, especially large container trucks
thundering through quiet village, planes and helicopters flying overhead, large
radios carried round in public places and played at maximum volume.
        　　L47: A lot of people object to mobile phones, especially when they are used
in public places like restaurants or on public transport.
        　　L54: We enjoy reading about them, especially when we find that, like the
praying mantis, they lead perfectly horrible lives.
        　　L54: I am especially proud of it, not only because it has survived several
severe winters, but because it occasionally produces luscious peaches.
        　　四、“略” ：QUITE
        　　为了贴合英语语言的严谨性，有时我们也强调事物的相对非完全性。例如在表示“略微”、“稍微”或“比较”的意思时常用以下搭配。
        　　a bit (一点a bit of luck 稍微a little bit cold)
        　　a little (= bit 注意little单用= scarcely表示“很少”、“几乎不”)
        　　a spot (一点 例如L58 A spot of bother一点小麻烦)
        　　comparatively (比较 He is comparatively low to she in social status)
        　　mildly (略微 He was just mildly interested in the topic.)
        　　pretty (颇 pretty well/badly 差不多pretty much the same)
        　　relatively (相对的 比较而言 He is relatively slow comparing with other
students.)
        　　slightly (= a little 一点 The twins are slightly different.)
        　　somewhat (有几分 I was somewhat disturbed by the disturbing kids outside.)
        　　sort of (= somewhat 口语中常用的blank-filling words 即中文里的“呃”、“唔”)
        　　kind of (= somewhat 其它常用的blank-filling words还有You know/see等等)
        　　新概念三册里的例句：
        　　L26: A little later, a man came along with a biscuit which occupied the
whole boot of his car.
        　　L27: He may hunt, beg, or stead occasionally to keep himself alive; he may
even, in times of real need, do a little work; but he will never sacrifice his
freedom. We often speak of tramps with contempt and put them in the same class
as beggars, but how many of us can honestly say that we have not felt a little
envious of their simple way of life and their freedom from care?
        　　L29: To compensate for his unpleasant experiences in hospital, the man
drank a little more than was good for him.
        　　L46: As far as I could see, it needed only a minor adjustment: a turn of a
screw here, a little tightening up there, a drop of oil and it would be as good
as new.
        　　L58: The old lady thought he was a fussy creature, but since the porter
agreed with him, she rang up her daughter and asked for her help in what she
described as a little spot of bother.