新概念英语第三册课文精解Lesson 45

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　　新概念英语第三册课文Lesson 45
        　　一、【Text】课文
        　　In democratic countries any efforts to restrict the freedom of the press are rightly condemned. However, this freedom can easily be abused. Stories about people often attract far more public attention than political events. Though we may enjoy reading about the lives of others, it is extremely doubtful whether we would equally enjoy reading about ourselves. Acting on the contention that facts are sacred, reporters can cause untold suffering to individuals by pub- lishing details about their private lives. Newspapers exert such tremendous influence that they can not only bring about major changes to the lives of ordinary people but can even overthrow a government. (暂不提供全部内容)
        　　二、【New words and expressions】生词和短语
        　　●democrat 民主的
        　　●restrict v. 限制
        　　●abuse v. 滥用
        　　●contention n. 论点
        　　●untold adj. 数不尽的，无限的
        　　●South Dakota 南达科他州 (美国)
        　　●perpetual adj. 永久的
        　　●quintuplet n. 五胞胎之一
        　　●obscurity n. 默默无闻
        　　●radically adv. 彻底地，完全地
        　　●exclusive adj. 独占的，独家的
        　　●nursery n. 育婴室，保育室
        　　●commercialization n. 商品化
        　　●commodity n. 商品
        　　◆democrat 民主的
        　　◆restrict v. 限制
        　　keep within a certain limit
        　　Eg: The prisoners’ activity is restricted within marrow limits.
        　　limit: 表示时间、空间、程度等方面的限定，且限定到某一个点
        　　restrict: 只说明限定范围
        　　Eg: Land development must be limited.
        　　He restricts himself to two cigarettes a day.
        　　restrict sb. to 限制在......范围内
        　　confine
        　　confine sb. to
        　　Eg: The boy is confined to the dark room.
        　　The boy is restricted to the dark room.
        　　cramp 限制(限制某人的活动或是限制动植特的生长)
        　　Eg: No body can cramp children.
        　　You can not cramp my activity.
        　　hamper 限制，妨碍;困累
        　　Eg: What hampered you to do so?
        　　The housewife has a lots to do every day, because she is hampered by poverty.
        　　My limited vocabulary hampered my reading.
        　　I am hampered by my limited vocabulary.
        　　★★★impede 限制;妨碍
        　　impede doing sth.
        　　Eg: Nothing will impede my studying English.
        　　bound 限定，以......为界限
        　　◆abuse v. 滥用
        　　Eg: Don’t abuse your authority. 不要滥用职权。
        　　We shouldn’t abuse our rights.不能乱用自己的权力。
        　　For VIP, they shouldn’t abuse their privilege.
        　　◆contention n. 论点
        　　◆◆◆untold adj. 数不尽的，无限的
        　　==too many to be counted
        　　Eg: There are untold stars in the sky.
        　　I am afflicted by / with untold anxieties.
        　　numerous 无数的
        　　countless anxieties 无数的烦恼
        　　Eg: As human being, we can’t keep ourselves free from countless anxieties.
        　　countable: can be counted
        　　uncountable
        　　number
        　　numberless 无数的，没有房号的
        　　Eg: This is a numberless room.这是一个没有房号的房间。
        　　numberable 数得清的
        　　innumberable 不能数得清的
        　　◆South Dakota 南达科他州 (美国)
        　　◆◆◆perpetual adj. 永久的
        　　permanent
        　　eternal
        　　lasting for a long time
        　　everlasting
        　　perpetual : 不休止的，一直持续下去的，不易受阻的
        　　Eg: They are as poor as church mouse, they have to struggle against perpetual poverty.
        　　constant 连续的，不断的
        　　constactly
        　　Eg: It is raining constantly. 雨不停地下着。
        　　continuous 连续不断的
        　　Eg: They have continuous discussion.
        　　They have continuous attempt.
        　　They made great success in their continuous attempt.
        　　continual 频繁的
        　　continually adj.
        　　Eg: It rains continually.最近频繁地在下雨。
        　　It is raining continuously / constantly.
        　　lasting
        　　everlasting 持久的，耐久的
        　　Eg: The pair of trousers is lasting.
        　　Generally speaking, jeans are lasting.
        　　endless
        　　Eg: You can appreciate endless unbroken clouds.
        　　Studying English is our perpetual task.
        　　eternal adj. 永恒的，永久的，不朽的
        　　immortal
        　　Eg: His name is immortal because the longest suspension bridge was named for him.
        　　temporary
        　　temporary job.
        　　permanent 非临时的，永久的
        　　Eg: In a big city, sometimes we can not get permanent job.
        　　constant; continuous; everlasting; lasting; endless; eternal; permanent; perpetual
        　　◆quintuplet n. 五胞胎之一
        　　◆obscurity n. 默默无闻
        　　in obscurity
        　　Eg: He is in obscurity.
            
            

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        　　obscure adj. 不起眼的
        　　Eg: The bus stopped at a obscure bus stop.
        　　◆radically adv. 彻底地，完全地
        　　completely, entirely, thoroughly, fully, inclusive
        　　◆◆◆exclusive adj. 独占的，独家的
        　　exclusive 独占的，独家的 (not share with others )
        　　Eg: The swimming pool is for my exclusive use.
        　　exclusive right 独权
        　　Eg: The newspaper offered a large sum of money to the person to get exclusive right to publish his article.
        　　exclusive 排外的，排它的
        　　inclusive 包括在其中的
        　　Eg: The school is exclusive, only very clever children can go to it.
        　　这所学校很排外，只有特别聪明的孩子可以在这儿上学。
        　　The store is exclusive, only very wealthy people can visit it.
        　　这个商场很排外，只有特别有钱的人才能光顾。
        　　◆nursery n. 育婴室，保育室
        　　◆commercialization n. 商品化
        　　◆commodity n. 商品
        　　commodity economy 商品经济
        　　commodity market 商品市场
        　　goods, wares
        　　
        　　三、【课文精析】
        　　Key sentence:
        　　In fact, the power of the press is beyond our description.
        　　any efforts are rightly condemned.
        　　effort 企图
        　　try; attempt 尝试
        　　make every effort; spare no effort; make every endeavor
        　　go to great lenghts
        　　blame
        　　scold
        　　reproach
        　　reprimand
        　　condemn 正式的谴责
        　　deed行为，行径
        　　Eg: Your deeds should be rightly condemned.
        　　forest authorities 森林当局
        　　education authorities 教育当局
        　　the authorities 有关当局
        　　the authorities of the press 新闻当局
        　　According to this sentence, we know we are much more interested in private stories.
        　　Sometimes some people even want to smell out people’s secrets or particular scandals.
        　　lives of others: 替代story about people
        　　extremely doubtful == extremely uncertain == extremely dubious.
        　　Eg: If a family skeleton is reviewed, one’s reputation will be damaged / destroyed / spoiled / ruined immediately.
        　　equally == in the same way = alile
        　　We wouldn’t like our secret to be reviewed.
        　　Acting on 以......来行事，遵循......来行事
        　　that引导的部分是contention 的同位语从句
        　　Key sentence:
        　　When stories published in details by the press are wonderful, you will become famous very soon.
        　　If the story is terrible, your reputation will be ruined immediately.
        　　exert... on sth.
        　　bring about 带来，导致
        　　lead to
        　　cause
        　　result in
        　　major: great, considerable
        　　In the first paragraph the writer illustrate how powerful the press is in the general way.
        　　acquire: gain == obtain
        　　acquire fortune: 发财
        　　acuire fame 出了名
        　　make fortune
        　　the city dweller 城市居住者
        　　the country dweller 乡村居住者
        　　expect a baby
        　　in the interesting condition
        　　in the family way
        　　pregnant
        　　be faced with 面临
        　　The window faces the south. 窗户朝南
        　　In the process of studying English, We are faced with a great many problems, which should be surmounted.
        　　surmount 克服
        　　solve problem 解决问题
        　　In teh process of studying English, we are faced with a great many problems, which should be surmounted / got rid of / removed as quickly as possible.
        　　economic: problems = poverty
        　　pressing 紧迫的
        　　unnoticed 形容词做状语
        　　odds n. 各种让人烦的小事
        　　bear 容忍;生育 born 是bear的过去分词
        　　attract the attention of the press
        　　The rise to the fame is swift==Their being famous was rapid.
        　　huge sums ==huge sums of money
        　　care for 关心
        　　press for == demand
        　　形象地表达出不停的催问
        　　Eg: The students kept pressing for examinations.
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