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新概念英语第三册语法：分词
分词有现在分词(ing)和过去分词(ed)两大类，是英语学习中非常重要的一环，许多学生在阅读时读不懂的长难句大都有分词的影子，而在高级写作中，如果掌握了分词的正确用法，也会为你的写作增添光彩。其实，分词的主要功能是代替了定语从句和状语从句，使的句子更加简化，凝练。
通常来讲，无论是状语从句还是定语从句，如果里面的谓语是主动形式，则转化为现在分词
(ing)，谓语是被动形式则转化为过去分词(ed)，而现在分词主要分为doing/having done两种，过去分词主要分为done /having been
done两种
L1：for the descriptions given by people who claimed to have seen the puma
were extraordinarily similar. (given 作后置定语，修饰description，表示“人们提供的描述”)
The hunt for the puma began in a small village where a woman picking
blackberries saw 'a large cat'. (picking 作后置定语，修饰woman，表示“正在采摘黑莓的女士”)
L2：Looking at his watch, he saw that it was one o'clock,
(looking作状语，修饰主句中的动词saw，表示伴随状态)
Armed with a torch, the vicar went up into the clock tower to see what was
going on. (Armed作状语，由于be armed with形式所以采用过去分词，在句中作状语，修饰went up，表示伴随)
L8： St. Bernard dogs have saved the lives of travellers crossing the
dangerous Pass. (crossing 在这里作后置定语，修饰travellers，表示“穿越关隘的游客”)
L11：even if he has five hundred gold watches hidden in his
suitcase.(hidden作后置定语，修饰)
L13：Not wanting to frighten the poor man, Mrs. Richards quickly hid in the
small storeroom under the stairs. (wanting的否定形式在这里作目的状语)
L22：Then, squinting his eyes, he said: 'The light is dim. Read the letter
to me'.(squinting作伴随状语)
L24: Dropping my suit, I dashed downstairs to tell
George.(dropping作伴随状语，说明和dash这个动作同时发生，突出当时的恐惧之情)
关于分词的用法，新概念三册随处可见这样的例子，上面列举的句子也只是新三的皮毛而已，如果同学们对分词的用法感兴趣，或者想要把它牢牢掌握，可以找出新三中其他带有分词的句子逐一分析，相信一定会大有收获。
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发表于 2016-7-11 23:04:59