新东方学习笔记-新概念英语3Lesson 13

英语自学网

　　New words and expression 生词和短语
        　　Costume n.化装服
        　　-- costume?ball 化妆舞会 / costume party
        　　-- fancy (dress) party 化妆舞会
        　　suit(n.西装, 西服) dress(n.裙子)
        　　consist v.由…组成
        　　1> consist?of... 由...组成(表示被动新概念)
        　　2> be made up of… 由...组成
        　　3> comprise v.包含, 由...组成(整体由部分所构成)
        　　-- Our class consists of 100 students.
        　　= Our class is made up of more than 100 students.
        　　-- The United Kingdom consists of G.B and Northern Ireland.
        　　= The United Kingdom comprises G.B and Northern Ireland.
        　　-- The house consists of six rooms.
        　　4> be composed of… 由...组成(强调有什么成分所组成)
        　　-- Water is composed of oxygen and hydrogen.(compose v.组成, 写作)
        　　-- oxygen(n.氧，氧气) hydrogen(n.氢)
        　　5> constitute vt.组成, 构成(部分构成整体)
        　　-- G.B and Northern Ireland constitute The United Kingdom.(Ireland n.爱尔兰)
        　　-- The committee consists of 10 members. (committee n.委员会)
        　　= Ten members constitute the committee.
        　　Sheet n.被单
        　　Effective adj.有明显效果的，有作用的
        　　-- The costume is quite effective.
        　　-- His words was effective.
        　　Influential adj.有影响的, 有势力的(有潜移默化影响力的)
        　　-- What our parents do is influential to children.
        　　Efficacious adj.(医药)有效的，灵验的
        　　-- The?drug?is?efficacious
        　　Fruitful adj.有成效的, 产生结果的
        　　-- Their?experiment?is?fruitful.
        　　Comfortable adj.舒适的 (反义词：uncomfortable)
        　　Comfort(n.舒适 v.安慰)
        　　Discomfort(n.不舒适 vt.使不舒适, 使不便)
        　　-- In spite of discomforts he is determined to stay here.
        　　Storeroom n.储藏室
        　　Electricity n.电
        　　Metre n.电表 (ammeter n.电表)
        　　Pace n.一步
        　　Flee v.?(fled,?fled)逃走
        　　Flee vt.vi.(总称)泛泛强调逃离危险的禁地
        　　Panic(n.惊慌, 恐慌) bull(n.公牛)
        　　-- The people fled in panic when the bull got loose. 当牛挣脱绳子时人们惊慌的四散而逃。
        　　Escape(vi.逃出监狱, 逃出牢笼 vt.逃掉, 逃出)
        　　-- He was able to escape from the house.
        　　-- I am sorry your name escaped me. 很抱歉, 我忘记你的名字了。
        　　-- They tried to escape death.
        　　Slam v.砰地关上(同义词：bang v.发巨响, 重击)
        　　-- slam the door 砰地关上门
        　　-- He left the room slam/bang the door behind him. 他离开了房间在身后砰地把门关上。
        　　Stair n.楼梯, 阶梯
        　　Fancy n.幻想, 爱好, 迷恋, 想象力 adj.奇特的, 异样的
        　　Dine vi.吃饭, 进餐 Dining n.吃饭, 进餐
        　　Baker n.面包师
        　　Hide vt.vi.( hid, hidden, hiding)隐藏
        　　Hall n.走廊, 门厅
        　　Board n.(政府机关或商业)部门
        　　Text 课文
        　　What did the man expect to find under the stairs?
        　　After her husband had gone to work, Mrs. Richards sent her children to school and went
        　　upstairs to her bedroom.
        　　She was too excited to do any housework that morning, for in the evening she would be going
        　　to a fancy-dress part with her husband.
        　　fancy-dress party = costume party
        　　1> too?...?to… 太...而不能… (不定式to在大部分情况下表示否定新概念)
        　　2> not/never?too?...?to… 并不太...所以能够…
        　　-- One?is?never?too?old?to?learn 活到老, 学到老。
        　　-- The?question?is?not?too?difficult?for?me?to?answer. 这个问题并不太难, 所以我能够答得出。
        　　3>如果在副词too前发现修饰语all, but, only, 不定式to的新概念也是肯定的。
        　　-- They?are?all?too?satisfied?to?work?with?you.
        　　-- I am only too glad to have someone to speak to. 我太高兴了, 想找个人说话。
        　　-- He was but too eager to get home.
        　　She intended to dress up as a ghost and as she had made her costume the night before, she
        　　was impatient to try it on.
        　　intended?to打算做什么?=?mean?to do意图做什么
        　　dress?up?as… 化妆成为…
        　　the?night?before 前一个晚上(以过去的某一个时间为基准点)
        　　last?night 昨天晚上(以现在为基准点)
        　　-- She went to New York on business three days ago, the?night?before?she?got?everything?ready.
        　　be?impatient?to?do?sth 急于要做某事, 迫不及待做某事
        　　impatient可以换为eager, anxious, hungry, thirsty, desperate, can‘t?wait(口语)
        　　desperate(adj.不顾一切的, 拚死的)
        　　-- she was impatient to try it on.(try?on 试穿)
        　　Though the costume consisted only of a sheet, it was very effective.
        　　After putting it on, Mrs. Richards went downstairs.
        　　After?putting?it?on 穿上以后
        　　She wanted to find out whether it would be comfortable to wear.
        　　= It would be comfortable (for her) to wear
        　　动词不定式to?wear, 用来修饰说明comfortable, 作它的状语。
        　　-- It is easy for me to read.
        　　-- The book is difficult to read.
        　　-- The dress is easy to wash.
        　　-- Your handwriting is easy to recognize.
            
            

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        　　主动形式表达被动新概念：
        　　1> The music is sweet to hear.
        　　2> The machine needs repairing. (用need, want和动名词形式直接搭配)
        　　3> The dictionary is worth buying.
        　　-- The book is worth reading.
        　　4>The house is under construction.(介词under表达被动的意味)
        　　-- The puma is under control.
        　　-- The problem is under discussion.(n.讨论)
        　　-- The thief is under arrest.(n.逮捕, 拘留)
        　　5> The airport came into use again.(came?into 不及物动词短语)
        　　-- Our?time?has?already?gone?to?waste.(go to waste浪费掉, 付诸东流)
        　　6> able?形容词后缀, 跟在动词后表达"能够被...的"
        　　-- She?is?a respectable?person.(respectable adj.可敬的, 值得被尊敬的)
        　　-- This is a returnable bottle. 这是一个能被退回的瓶子。(returnable adj.可被退回的)
        　　7> consist?of, comprise本身表达被动新概念, 结构形式为主动
        　　Just as Mrs. Richards was entering the dinning room, there was a knock on the front door.
        　　She knew that it must be the baker.
        　　She had told him to come straight in if ever she failed to open the door and to leave the
        　　bread on the kitchen table.
        　　straight adv.直接地, 径直地
        　　if?even(ever?用于条件句。表示任何时候, 任何场合)= when?ever
        　　-- If ever you see George give him my best regards.(n.问候)
        　　-- When ever he is in trouble I‘ll be on the spot.
        　　Not wanting to frighten the poor man, Mrs. Richards quickly hid in the small storeroom
        　　under the stairs.
        　　Not?wanting?(分词的否定结构形式, 做原因状语。)
        　　多用于句首, 也可插入句中, 主谓之间。
        　　Not wanting to make her nervous, the doctor didn‘t fully explain the seriousness of condition.
        　　= The doctor, not wanting to make her nervous, didn‘t fully explain the seriousness of her
        　　condition.
        　　She heard the front door open and heavy footsteps in the hall. Suddenly the door of the
        　　storeroom was opened and a man entered.
        　　Mrs. Richards realized that it must be the man from the Electricity Board who had come to
        　　read the metre.
        　　read?the?metre 查电表
        　　She tried to explain the situation, saying ‘It‘s only me‘, but it was too late.
        　　saying(现在分词做伴随状语)
        　　The man let out cry and javaces.
        　　let?out?a?cry 大叫了一声(= utter a cry /give?a?cry)
        　　utter vt.发出, 做声, 发表, 发射
        　　jump?back?several?paces 后退了好几步
        　　When Mrs. Richards walked towards him, he fled, slamming the door behind him.
        　　Slamming(现在分词作方式状语或伴随状语, 说明fled的情况)
        　　Special difficulties 难点
        　　形容词+动词不定式：
        　　-- He was delighted to learn that...
        　　-- I was glad to hear that...
        　　-- He was anxious to leave...
        　　1>感情形容词后的不定式通常是表示原因, 在句中做原因状语。
        　　happy, relieved, astonished, amazed, surprised, horrified, disappointed, sad, embarrassed, shocked
        　　relieved(adj.放心的) horrified(adj.惊骇的)
        　　-- He was frightened when he saw the snake. à He was frightened to see the snake.
        　　-- I was sorry when I learnt that he had had a accident.
        　　à I was sorry to learn that he had had a accident.
        　　2>不定式也可以放在表语之后, 主语是不定式的实际宾语。
        　　-- The car is hard to park.
        　　-- Some questions are awkward to answer. Awkward(adj.尴尬的, 不方便的)
        　　3>在少数几个动词后, 不定式可用作结果。
        　　learn, find, see, hear, be told
        　　-- He lived to see his inventions come to success. 他活着看见他的发明成功了。
        　　-- He woke up to find everyone gone. 他醒来发现大家都走了。
        　　-- He went to his house only to find him out.
        　　4>在不定式前加only, 表示意想不到的, 出乎意料的结果。
        　　-- He hurried to the post office only to find it was shut(closed)
        　　Multiple choice questions 多项选择
        　　1.D She wanted to know whether that costume was comfortable to wear.
        　　2.C
        　　take?sb in 使某人信以为真, 让某人上当
        　　disguise n.伪装 v.假装, 伪装, 掩饰
        　　3.C
        　　4...C and前后连接时态要呼应, 表示并列关系。
        　　5...B how修饰限定形容词
        　　At that moment, she hadn‘t put on the costume.
        　　6...B anxious形容词短语做原因状语
        　　动词不定式的否定形式是在动词不定式符号之前直接加否定词not, never
        　　7...B 强调过去的一个动作
        　　8...C see?sb do?sth看见某人做某事(做宾语补足语时, 不定式符号to被省略)
        　　9...A
        　　at?the?very?moment 就在此刻
        　　as?long?as / so?long?as 用来引导条件句, 表示只要
        　　-- You can go out as long as you promise to be back before 11 o‘clock.