新东方学习笔记-新概念英语3Lesson 19

英语自学网

　　New words and expression 生词和短语
        　　Dear adj.亲爱的，珍贵的;昂贵的
        　　Dear = Costly(adj.昂贵的, 贵重的)= expensive
        　　-- I can‘t afford the car because it‘s too dear.
        　　Dear adj.珍贵的, 宝贵的
        　　-- The cat is dear to me.(adj.珍贵的)
        　　-- The lamb is prize to Mary = The lamb is dear to Mary
        　　cost somebody dear 花了某人很多钱(dear adv.昂贵地, 价高地)
        　　-- The cat cost the lady dear.
        　　kidnapper n.绑架者，拐骗者
        　　kidnap vt.诱拐(小孩), 绑架, 勒赎
        　　-- They kidnapped five hostages.(n.人质, 抵押品)
        　　considerable adj.相当大的
        　　-- a considerable business. 大型企业。
        　　-- He has got a considerable success.
        　　Considerably adv.相当大地, 相当多地(= much, a lot , a great deal)
        　　-- It‘s considerably colder today than yesterday.
        　　Considerate(adj.考虑周到的)= thoughtful(adj.体贴的, 关切的)
        　　be considerate to somebody 对某人很体贴
        　　-- Are you considerate/thoughful to your wife?
        　　Considered(adj.经慎重考虑的, 经过熟思的)
        　　-- It‘s my considered opinion.
        　　all things considered 就各方面而言
        　　-- All things considered, he finished the work well.
        　　Considering prep.conj.adv.就…而论;照…来看;考虑到…
        　　介词-- Considering his age, the little boy reads very well.
        　　就他的年龄来说, 这小孩读得算挺好的。
        　　连词-- They have done it well considering (that) they have no experience.
        　　副词-- He studies English well, considering. 就各方面而言, 他英语学得很好。
        　　= He studies English well, all things considered.
        　　Wealthy adj.富的，有钱的
        　　Orderly adj.有规律的
        　　Disappearance n.失踪
        　　Anonymous adj.匿名的
        　　Ransom n.赎金
        　　pay ransom to somebody
        　　-- The old lady paid a ransom of one thousand pounds to the kidnapper.
        　　hold somebody to ransom 绑架某人为了赎金
        　　-- They kidnapped the boy and held him to ransom.
        　　Cardboard n.硬纸板
        　　Withdraw (withdrew,?withdrawn) v.(从银行)取钱
        　　punctually adv.准时地
        　　punctual adj.严守时刻的, 准时的
        　　Punctuality n.准时
        　　astound v.使吃惊
        　　surprise, astonish,?amaze,?astound 语气一个比一个强
        　　-- He was astounded to hear of her death.
        　　-- They were amazed to find the lazy girl came very early.
        　　Surprising adj.令人惊讶的
        　　Surprised adj.感到惊讶的
        　　Flat n.平面, 平地, 一层, 公寓 adj.平坦的, 扁平的
        　　Word n.字, 词, 话
        　　Sure adj.对....有把握, 确信某事 adv.的确, 当然
        　　Amount n.数量
        　　Text 课文
        　　Why was Rastus ‘very dear‘ in more ways than one?
        　　Kidnappers are rarely interested in animals, but they recently took considerable interest in
        　　Mrs.
        　　Rarely = seldom adv.很少地
        　　be interest in = take interest in (一句话中用不同的表达方式, 是为了避免从复)
        　　took great interest in = take enormous/tremendous interest in
        　　Eleanor Ramsay‘s cat. Mrs. Eleanor Ramsay, a very wealthy old lady, has shared a flat with
        　　her cat, Rastus, for a great many years.
        　　share something with somebody 和某人分享某物
        　　-- I share the room with my friend.
        　　For a great many years = for a long time.
        　　Rastus leads an orderly life. He usually takes a short walk in the evenings and is always
        　　home by seven o‘clock.
        　　Orderly adj.有秩序的, 有顺序的
        　　Discipline v.训练 n.纪律, 学科
        　　Disciplined n.受过训练的,遵守纪律的
        　　Regular adj.规则的, 有秩序的
        　　takes a short walk = goes for a walk = goes for a stroll
        　　stroll n.漫步, 闲逛
        　　One evening, however, he failed to arrive.
        　　Mrs. Ramsay got very worried. She looked everywhere for him but could not find him.
        　　However的使用表明：he isn’t home that evening.
        　　look for, find
        　　There days after Rastus‘ disappearance, Mrs. Ramsay received an anonymous letter.
            
            

enone

        　　after可以和名词搭配
        　　-- three days after Johnson’s arrival. 约翰逊到来三天之后。
        　　-- three days after the kidnapper’s appearance.
        　　The writer stated that Rastus was in safe hands and would be returned immediately if Mrs. Ramsay paid a ransom of $1,000.
        　　State 非常正式的声明
        　　Mrs. Ramsay was 包含ucted to place the money in a cardboard box and to leave it outside
        　　her door.
        　　Instruct = order(vt.命令) = tell formally(adv.正式地, 形式上)
        　　be 包含ucted to do something
        　　-- The journalist was 包含ucted to obtain the exact statistics.
        　　At first she decided to go to the police, but fearing that she would never see Rastus again -
        　　the letter had made that quite clear -- she changed her mind.
        　　Fearing 现在分词做原因状语
        　　make it clear to somebody that…(it是形式主语)
        　　-- The teacher has made it clear to us that we must read English aloud every day.
        　　She withdrew $1000 from her bank and followed the kidnapper‘s 包含uctions.
        　　The next morning, the box had disappeared but Mrs. Ramsay was sure that the kidnapper
        　　would keep his word.
        　　Keep his word = keep?his?promise 遵守诺言
        　　word表示诺言时, 要采用单数形式
        　　keep his word 遵守诺言 / break his word 失信用
        　　give somebody one‘s word 向某人保证
        　　-- I give you my word that I will return your bicycle.
        　　as?good?as?one‘s?word 表示守信用(侧重点在于强调一个结果)
        　　-- He promised to pay me the money and he was as good as his word.
        　　他许诺把钱给我, 正如他所言他遵守了他的诺言。
        　　go back on one‘s word 食言, 违背诺言
        　　Sure enough, Rastus arrived punctually at seven o‘clock that evening.
        　　sure enough 强调确实如此
        　　-- I said it would happen, and sure enough it did happen.
        　　He looked very well though he was rather thirsty, for he drank half a bottle of milk.
        　　half a bottle of milk 半瓶牛奶
        　　half the money 一半的钱 / half the distance 一半的距离
        　　The police were astounded when Mrs. Ramsay told them what she had done.
        　　She explained that Rastus was very dear to her.
        　　Considering the amount she paid, he was dear in more ways than one!
        　　in more ways than one = in many ways
        　　dear具有双重意义(即是亲爱的, 又是昂贵的)
        　　Special difficulties 难点
        　　逗号的用法：
        　　1>三个或三个以上的词、短语或句子只用一个并列连接词来连接，他们之间就要用逗号，并列连接词前也要用逗号
        　　-- He opened the letter, read it, and made a note of its contents.
        　　2>插入语或同位语前后必须用逗号分开
        　　-- I own over a thousand books and, to make matters wore, the room is rather small.
        　　3>状语从句位于句首时也要用逗号和主句分隔开来，放在句尾则不需要
        　　-- After we had visited the market, we returned home.
        　　= We returned home after we had visited the market.
        　　4>非限定性定语从句必须用逗号分开
        　　-- Thanks to the English Channel, which separates Britain from Europe, the country has not been
        　　invaded since 1066.
        　　5>语次转变词也应该用逗号将其和句子其他成分分开
        　　-- A few cars, however, completed the race.
        　　-- He feared the examination. He couldn’t, therefore, continued his study at school.
        　　= He feared the examination. Therefore, He couldn’t continued his study at school.
        　　6>介词短语和分词短语位于句首时, 也必须加逗号加以分隔。
        　　-- Taking off his jacket, George pushed his arm through the drain cover.
        　　-- With some children, small money goes a long way.
        　　Multiple choice questions 多项选择
        　　1.?A正确 could and would 愿意并有能力
        　　companion n.同伴, 共事者
        　　2.?B正确 on?what?conditions 在什么样的基础之上
        　　reveal vt.展现, 显示, 揭示, 暴露
        　　3.?A正确 greatly adv.很, 非常
        　　4.?B正确 for?a?great?many?years(用完成时)
        　　5.?D正确
        　　6.?A正确 reaction n.反应, 反作用
        　　根据语法规则：
        　　主语是ambition, duty, goal, hope, idea, intention, mistake, plan, policy, purpose, reaction, suggestion等名词的时, 句子的表语必须是to不定式短语, 该不定式短语是说明其内容的。
        　　-- His purpose in life was to seek truth instead of money.
        　　-- Our plan is to make better use of this material.
        　　7.?B正确
        　　for?fear + of/that
        　　-- They are working hard for fear that they should fail.
        　　= They are working hard for fear of failure.
        　　afraid?for 侧重点表示：为...感到担心, 害怕失去
        　　-- The parents are often are afraid for their children. 父母常为孩子担心。
        　　-- He was afraid for his job. 他害怕丢工作。
        　　-- I am not afraid for my head. 我不怕掉脑袋。
        　　8.?D正确 修饰money用large
        　　9.?D正确
        　　measured adj.慎重的, 有节奏的, 标准的, 整齐的, 有规则的
        　　regular adj.强调有规则的
        　　disciplined n.受过训练的, 遵守纪律的
        　　10.B正确
        　　go?for?a?walk = go for a stroll
        　　go on/for a trek 进行艰苦的跋涉
        　　-- trek n.牛拉车旅行, 艰苦跋涉
        　　go for a trot 去散步
        　　-- trot n.小跑, 骑马, 疾走, 忙碌 lane n.(乡间)小路, 巷, 里弄
        　　-- I‘m going for a trot down the lane. 我正沿着巷子小跑。
        　　11.C正确 sure?enough = as (was) expected
        　　without a doubt adv.无疑地
        　　as a matter of fact adv.事实上(in fact = actually 实际上, 事实上)
        　　12.A正确 healthy adj.健康的, 健壮的
        　　sane(adj.神志清楚的, 头脑清楚的)= sensible(明智的, 有判断力的)