新东方学习笔记-新概念英语3Lesson 15

英语自学网

　　New words and expression 生词和短语
        　　Appreciate v.欣赏，感激
        　　-- The poem is too difficult for me to appreciate.
        　　-- I appreciate your help. = be thankful/grateful to sb.
        　　-- thankful = grateful(adj.感激的, 感谢的)
        　　pocket?money 零用钱
        　　-- beer?money 留给丈夫的零花钱
        　　-- mad?money 女子留作应急之用的私房钱
        　　-- green?money 美金(美圆是绿色的)
        　　-- soft/folding?money 纸币, 钞票(folding adj.可折叠的)
        　　-- hard?money 硬币(hard adj.硬的, 坚固的)
        　　thrifty adj.节约的
        　　economical adj.节约的, 经济的
        　　frugal adj.节俭的, 朴素的
        　　nephew n.侄子，外甥
        　　bounce v.弹起，跳起
        　　-- The coin was bounced.
        　　同义词：jump(v.跳跃), leap(v.跃), hop(单足跳),
        　　spring(v.弹跳 n.弹簧), skip(v.跳跃, 略过)
        　　pavement n.人行道
        　　stick?(stuck,?stuck) v.卡住，夹住，不能再动
        　　-- His arm was stuck. 他的胳膊被卡住了。
        　　Stick v.坚持, 粘贴
        　　-- You must stick to your idea. 你必需要坚持你的看法。
        　　-- Stick the stamp on the envelop.
        　　stick?with… 忠实于...(= be faithful to对...忠实)-- faithful adj.守信的, 忠实的
        　　Brigade n.旅,(消防)队
        　　fire?brigade(消防队)= fire?department = fire station
        　　grease n.润滑油
        　　uncle n.伯父, 叔父, 姨丈
        　　aunt n.姑妈, 伯母, 舅妈, 阿姨
        　　extra adj.额外的
        　　price n.代价, 价格, 价钱
        　　drain n.排水沟
        　　roll vt,vi卷;滚动,转动,打滚
        　　sleeve n.袖子, 衣袖
        　　rub v.擦, 摩擦
        　　free vt. 使自由, 释放
        　　upset adj.心烦意乱的,不适的,不舒服的 vt,vi打翻,弄翻,推翻;使烦乱
        　　reward vt.酬谢,酬劳,报答 n.报酬, 奖金
        　　Text 课文
        　　Did George get anything for his fifty pence? What?
        　　Children always appreciate small gifts of money.
        　　= Children always appreciate pocket money as small gifts.孩子们总是喜欢得到些零花钱
        　　-- Husbands always appreciate small gifts of beer money.
        　　Mum or dad, of course, provide a regular supply of pocket money, but uncles and aunts
        　　are always a source of extra income.
        　　provide?a?regular?supply?of... 定期地提供…
        　　provide?sth for?sb / provide?sb with?sth 为某人提供某物
        　　-- The villagers provided a regular supply of food for the soldiers.
        　　= The villagers provided the soldiers with a regular supply of food
        　　small gifts of money, pocket money, extra income 都表示零花钱。
        　　作者在两段话里三处用了零花钱, 是为了让读者能够抓住主题。
        　　写作时要避免使用相同的词汇。
        　　With some children, small sums go a long way.
        　　此句暗含：with other children, small sums can’t go a long way.
        　　go?a?long?way 维持很久
        　　-- The?money?we?have?will?go?a?long?way.
        　　go?a?long?way?towards 对...大有帮助
        　　-- This?will?go?a?long?way?towards?overcoming?the?difficulty.(overcome vt.战胜, 克服)
        　　介词with和for的区别：
        　　For(介词)：关于, 对于...来说, 考虑到...的事实
        　　-- The?weather?is?quite?warm?for?November.
        　　-- For him, this will be an entirely new hobby.
        　　With(介词)：在某一方面?(多用于二者的比较)
        　　-- With?some?people, pleasure?is?more?important?than?work.
        　　-- Some people may accept that excuse, but it won‘t work with me.
        　　If fifty pence pieces are not exchanged for sweets, they rattle for months inside money boxes.
        　　Pence 便士(penny, pennies都是pence的复数：)
        　　a?fifty?pence 一个五十便士的硬币
        　　fifty?pennies 五十一便士的硬币
        　　exchange?for 换取, 以...来交换
        　　-- The little boy exchanged his pen for candy.(candy n.糖果, 冰糖)
        　　rattle vt.(拟声词) 叮当作响 = tinkle(vi, vt (使)发玎玲声, (使)发出玎当声)
        　　roar 呼啸(重点突出老虎、狮子等大动物的吼叫声)
        　　-- The car roar by me. / Listen, a lion is roaring.
        　　shout?at 大喊大叫 = bark?at
        　　grunt vi.(猪等)作呼噜声vt.咕哝着说出
        　　-- He?is?grunting.(adj.咕咙的, 哼哼唧唧的)
        　　slam v.砰地关上, 砰地放下
        　　Only very thrifty children manage to fill up a money box.
            
            

enfive

        　　fill?up 装满
        　　1>up：表示方向
        　　up?to(表示到达目的地) -- She ran up to him. 她跑到他面前。
        　　Towards(表示朝某个方向) -- She ran towards him. 她向他跑去。
        　　2>?表示沿着, 走向更远的地方(侧重强调距离更远了)
        　　-- They?walked?up?the?street. 他们沿着街道走远了。
        　　-- They children run up the garden path to greet their father.
        　　3>?系动词+up(表示消费、摧毁、彻底、光、用完)
        　　-- Drink?up?your?whisky. / Eat up your vegetable.
        　　-- Finish it up. 完成它 / burn up烧光 / use up用光
        　　4>?表示积存, 从少到多, 积小成多
        　　-- We?must?lay?up?some?boiled?food?for?the?winter.
        　　Lay up贮存 = store up储藏, hold up, gather up收集起
        　　5>?表示从河的下游到上游, 河流入口处以上到源头的某一点
        　　-- They?are?sailing?up?the?Thames. 他们正沿着泰晤士河而上。
        　　-- The house is up the river. 这个房子在河的上游。
        　　6>?动词+up(表示包起来、封住、盖住)
        　　-- button?up扣上纽扣(-- button your coat up 把外衣的纽扣扣上)
        　　-- wrap up 包裹起来(wrap up the shoes with newspaper 用报纸把鞋子包起来)
        　　-- lock up 锁起来(lock the house up 用锁把房子锁起来)
        　　-- fasten up 拴紧, 钉牢, 锁牢 / save up 储蓄, 贮存
        　　-- wash up 洗涤餐具, 洗手洗脸, 把…冲上岸 / do up 重新整修, 包好
        　　For most of them, fifty pence is a small price to pay for a nice big bar of chocolate.
        　　fifty pence is small price to pay = fifty pence is not much to pay
        　　a small?price =?not?much?money 并不是很多
        　　-- For?him two?thousand?dollars?is?small?price to?pay?for?it.
        　　-- For me five hundred Yuan is not a small price to pay for a bicycle.
        　　My nephew, George, has a money box but it is always empty.
        　　Very few of the fifty pence pieces and pound coins I have given him have found their way
        　　there.
        　　pound coin n.1英镑硬币
        　　find?their?way?there?=?reach 抵达, 到达, 找到自己的去处
        　　find one’s way into/to…
        　　-- Rivers?find?their?way?to?the?sea.
        　　-- How did such a foolish statement find its way into print? 这样愚蠢的话怎么会被印出来了?
        　　-- All my books have already found their way there.
        　　I gave him fifty pence yesterday and advised him to save it.
        　　advise?sb to?do?sth 说服某人做某事(结果是失败的)
        　　persuade?sb to?do?sth 说服某人做某事(结果是成功的)
        　　Instead he bought himself fifty pence worth of trouble.
        　　instead(adv.代替)相反的是…
        　　fifty?pence?worth?of?trouble 五十便士的麻烦
        　　On his way to the sweet shop, he dropped his fifty pence and it bounced along the pavement
        　　and then disappeared down a drain.
        　　George took off his jacket, rolled up his sleeves and pushed is right arm through the drain
        　　cover.
        　　系列的动词构成平行结构：take?off, rolled?up,?push
        　　roll vi.滚动 vt.滚动
        　　-- The pencil rolled(vi.) under the table.
        　　-- He?rolled(vt.)?the?ball?towards?the?puppy.(puppy n.(常指未满一岁的)小狗, 小动物)
        　　roll?up 卷起, 挽起
        　　-- We?will?need?to?roll?up?the?carpet.
        　　He could not find his fifty pence piece anywhere, and what is more, he could no get his arm
        　　out.
        　　what?引导的插入语
        　　What?is?more?important. 更重要的是 / What is worse. 更糟糕的是
        　　What is more. 更有甚者 / What is rare. 更罕见的是
        　　-- He went to the meeting, and what is worse, insisted on speaking.
        　　-- He is an interesting speaker, and what is more important, he knows his subject thoroughly.
        　　他是一个有风趣的演说者，更重要的是他对他的话题了如指掌
        　　A crowd of people gathered round him and a lady rubbed his arm with soap and butter, but
        　　George was firmly stuck.
        　　gather?round… 聚在…周围
        　　rubbed?his?arm?with… 用...涂抹在胳膊上
        　　firmly adv.稳固的, 坚定的(加强语气)
        　　The fire brigade was called and two fire fighter freed George using a special 无效 of grease.
        　　Using… 现在分词做状语(强调一种方式)
        　　fire fighter n.救火队员
        　　George was not too upset by his experience because the lady who owns the sweet shop heard
        　　about his troubles and rewarded him with large box of chocolates.
        　　Rewarded sb with… 用...来奖赏某人
        　　Special difficulties 难点
        　　1.save / 2.sail(steamboat n.汽船, 轮船)
        　　3.buttoned / 4.Eat / 5.went / 6.wrapped
        　　7.wind (v.上发条, 绕, 缠)
        　　8.do (shoelace n.鞋带)
        　　Multiple choice questions 多项选择
        　　1.C
        　　2.D
        　　3.A have sth done / get sth out of
        　　4.B plenty仅用于肯定句中, much用于肯定句、否定句、疑问句。
        　　5.B
        　　advise sb to do sth
        　　advise sb that...
        　　-- that引导的宾语从句必须要出现should+动词原形(虚拟语气)
        　　-- I advise my students that they should read English for more than an hour.
        　　6.D doing?sth…when
        　　如果句中的when表达的新概念是：就在这时、恰恰这时、正当此时, 那么其的主句结构往往
        　　采用进行时态
        　　7.A? ??neither/nor：也不(用于句首句子必须倒装)
        　　8.C put sth.+ prep.(-- put the book in the bookcase / put the book on the desk)
        　　9.A durable(adj.耐用的, 持久的)
        　　-- durable clothing 耐穿的衣服 / durable goods 耐用品
        　　10.C
        　　tour n.旅行, 旅游 v.旅行
        　　in?turn 轮流地 (-- I think we should clean our classroom in return.)
        　　cycle n.周期, 循环, 自行车
        　　circle n.圆圈, 环状物
        　　-- draw?a?circle 画一个圆圈 / the?cycle?of?the?seasons 四季的循环