新概念英语第三册七大招数之五：独立主格结构

英语自学网

　　纵观当今英语培训界，众象丛生，如同一个诺大的江湖，充斥着各路武林高手，各种武林秘籍。在平日教学中，我常常把新概念比作金庸笔下的“九阳神功”，她不像“九阴真经”那样狠毒，练者易走火入魔;也不像乾坤大魔移那样艰涩高深，难以掌握。她是一套内功心法，既可使内力大增，更可快速上手各路招数，防御力无可匹敌。新概念三册属于中上层，里面掩藏着非常重要的七大招数，掌握后便可打通任督二脉，武力大增。
        　　招数五： 独立主格结构
        　　独立主格也是英语学习的一大难点，让许多英语学习者为之挠头，很多学习英语多年的学生至今听到独立主格四个字也是一头雾水。其实独立主格又叫做独立分词，我们在招数四中讲到的分词作状语时，分词的主语和主句中的主语是一致的，而在独立主格相当于一个带有自己主语的状语从句，就是在分词前直接加上它自己的主语就可以了，当然，除了“名词+分词”这种形式外，还有“名词+形容词/副词/不定式/介词短语”等形式，在前面有时会加上“with”表示伴随或者原因。
        　　第6课： when a large car, with its headlights on and its horn blaring, roared
down the arcade. (这里的on和blaring逻辑主语分别是headlights和horn)
        　　第34课：the box was full of crockery, much of it broken. (这里的broken逻辑主语是much
of it)
        　　第36课： a novelist would bring his story to a conclusion by presenting his
readers with a series of coincidences -- most of them wildly improbable.
(这里的形容词wildly improbable逻辑主语是most of them)
        　　第48课：The village seemed deserted, the only sign of life being an
ugly-looking black goat on a short length of rope tied to a tree in a field
nearby.(这里是用的be动词的现在分词形式，逻辑主语是the only sign of life being)
        　　第58课：Then, her composure regained, she was ready to set off with the
porter's assistance to search for nay intruders who might still be lurking in
her flat.(这里本应该是the composure was
regained，改成独立主格结构，regain在这里要采用过去分词形式，逻辑主语是composure)
        　　第60课： The girl, tears streaming down her face, begged to be allowed to slip
into the guard's van.(streaming的逻辑主语是tears)
            
            

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        　　练习题
        　　另外附上10道关于独立主格的练习题，大家边做边体会一下独立主格结构和我们在招数四中提到的分词的联系和区别：
        　　1. ______ no bus, we had to walk home.
        　　A. There was B. There being C. Because there being D. There were
        　　2. ____, I'll go there with you tomorrow afternoon.
        　　A. Time permits B. If time permitting C. Time permitting D. Time's
permitting
        　　3._____, we all went home happily.
        　　A. Goodbye was said B. Goodbye had been said C. Goodbye said D. When
goodbye said
        　　4. _____, we all went swimming in high spirits.
        　　A. It being fine weather B. It fine weather
        　　C. It was fine weather D. It being a fine weather
        　　5. ____, the bus started at once.
        　　A. The signal was given B. The signal giving
        　　C. The signal given D. When the signal given
        　　6. She stood there, _____ from her cheeks.
        　　A. tears' rolling down B. tears rolled down
        　　C. with tears rolled down D. tears rolling down
        　　7. ____, the leaves are turning green.
        　　A. When spring coming on B. Spring coming on
        　　C. Spring came on D. Spring being come on
        　　8. _____, I had to buy a new one.
        　　A. My dictionary losing B. My dictionary having been lost
        　　C. My dictionary had been lost D. Because my dictionary lost
        　　9. With a lot of work ____, I have to sit up tonight.
        　　A. do B. doing C. done D. to do
        　　10. ____ production up by 60%, the company has had another excellent
year.
        　　A. As B. For C. With D. Through
        　　答案：BCCAC DBBCC