新概念英语第三册语法精讲及练习(三):代替与省略

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　　新概念英语第三册语法精讲及练习
　　英语中，为了避免不必要的重复，经常用so, not, to, do, does 代替前面出现的动词或相关内容。
　　如：He translated the article better than I did. (did代替wrote it)
　　— Doyou think she isclever?
　　— I think so. (so代替 she is clever)
　　(1) 从上两例中看出，do / does / did 代替动词。
　　(2) "so 与 not" 代替某个词、短语、句子等，通常用于hope, think, believe, expect, suppose, be afraid, fear, imagine, etc后作宾语。
　　E.g. — Is it correct?
　　— I'm afraid not. (not correct)
　　(3) "to" 用作不定式，常跟随下列动词：want, mean, hope, expect, refuse, seem, intend, be, afraid, etc.
　　E.g. I asked him to go to the party, but he refused to. (go to the party)
　　(4) "do so, do that, do it" 用来代替动态动词，而不能代静态动词。
　　Eg. — He gave up studying English.
　　— Why did he do so? (= give up studying English)
　　— The dish tastes nice.
　　— Yes, so it does. (tastes nice)
　　(此句不能用it does it 或 it does so, 因taste属静态动词。)
　　(5) 为使语言精炼，避免不必要的重复，对话中常用省略形式。
　　E.g. — He is thinking of buying a car?
　　— Is he?(这里，“thinking of buying a car”被省略了。)
　　— Will he come back in time?
　　— Perhaps.(省略了he will come back in time.)
　　
            
            

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　　测试精编：
　　1. — Shall I wake you up tomorrow? — Yes, ________ .
　　A. please do B. you shall
　　C. you will D. you may
　　2. I think records are often ________ an actual performance.
　　A. as good as or better than
　　B. as good or better than
　　C. like good or better than
　　D. as good as any other
　　3. — If he doesn't come to work, he may be fired. — Surely he isn't so foolish ________ not to realize that.
　　A. so B. and C. but D. as
　　4. — Don't you think Alan's health has beenruined by smoking? — Yes, he told me ________ himself.
　　A. the fact B. this thing C. It D. so
　　5. — Will you go home tomorrowevening? — No, I'm going to a lecture, or at least, I'm planning ________ .
　　A. on B. to C. so D. It
　　6. — I slipped on the stairs, I think my arm is broken. — Oh! I ________ .
　　A. do not hope so B. do not hope C. hope not so D. hope not
　　7. California relies mainly on income from fruit crops, and ________ .
　　A. Florida also B. Florida too
　　C. Florida is as well D. so does Florida
　　8. — Have you been here long? — ________ .
　　A. No, not very B. Not much
　　C. Yes, only little D. No, only yesterday
　　9. — You look happy today, Mary. — I like my new dress and mother ________, too.
　　A. does B. likes C. is D. do
　　10. — So you are lost, little boy. Why didn't you hang on to your mother's skirt?
　　— ________, but I couldn't reach it.
　　A. I hanged to B. I did to
　　C. I didn't hang to D. I tried to
　　Key：
　　1.A 2.A 3. D 4.D 5. B 6. D 7. D 8.A 9.A 10.D