新东方名师超详解析2014年6月四级翻译之“教育公平”

英语自学网

【原题】
　　为了促进教育公平，中国已经投入360亿元，用于改善农村地区教育设施和加强中西部地区农村义务教育。这些资金用于改善教学设施、购买书籍，使16万多所中小学受益。资金还用于购置音乐和绘画器材。现在农村和山区的儿童可以与沿海城市的儿童一样上音乐和绘画课。一些为接受更好教育而转往城市上学的学生如今又回到了本地农村学校就读。 (152词)
　　【译文】
　　In order to enhance the equality of education, China has invested 36 billion yuan to improve educational facilities in rural areas and the compulsory education in the mid-west rural areas. The fund is used to enhance teaching facilities and to purchase books, which benefits more than 160,000 primary and middle schools. Meanwhile, the fund is used to buy musical instruments and painting equipment. Nowadays, like the children in coastal cities, kids in rural and mountain areas can enjoy/attend music and painting lessons. Thus, some students, who had transferred to cities for better education, come back to local schools now.
　　【点评】本段似乎节选自一份“报告”或“论文”，总之文风偏学术。主题为“教育”，虽非“中国传统文化节日”，但与13年12月真题相比，难度提高，主要难在词汇。全文共5句话，152词。通过近两次的翻译试题来看，读懂汉语合理拆分原文汉语是解题的关键要素之一。此外，较难处理的依然是词汇问题。因此，建议考生日常背诵单词时应多关注所背单词的词性、用法和搭配等。
　　【逐句解析及其他译文】
　　1. 为了促进教育公平，中国已经投入360亿元，用于改善农村地区教育设施和加强中西部地区农村义务教育。
　　【解析】显然，该句难度主要是词汇，facilities, compulsory, mid-west, rural均造成翻译难度略微上升。
　　该句主干可提炼为“中国投入360亿元”。 主干可译为：China has invested 36 billion yuan。“为了促进教育公平”和“用于改善。。。。”均可处理为目的状语。其中“用于”即可省译，不会用第二句中的“用于”重复。
　　“为了促进教育公平”可译为：In order to promote/enhance the equality of education，如因词汇量有限写不出“equality”，也可将“公平”转译为形容词“equal”，即：In order to promote equal education.
　　“用于改善农村地区教育设施和加强中西部地区农村义务教育。”可译为：To improve educational facilities in rural areas and the compulsory education in the mid-west rural areas.
　　2. 这些资金用于改善教学设施、购买书籍，使16万多所中小学受益。
　　【解析】该句可提炼主干为“资金用于改善设施、购买书籍.（这）使中小学受益”。译为：This fund is used to enhance facilities and purchase books. This benefits primary and middle schools.
　　之后加入各个修饰成分，“教学设施”译为：teaching facilities 或facilities of teaching均可。“16万”可译为：more than 160,000或 over 160,000。此外，亦可使用定语从句连接前后两句，即which引导定语从句指代前文整句话。
　　组合为：This fund is used to enhance facilities of teaching and purchase books, which benefits more than 160,000 primary and middle schools.
　　3. 资金还用于购置音乐和绘画器材。
　　【解析】该句较为简单，无需提炼主干，但需注意“还用于”是被动句。此外“购置”和“购买”同意，可使用“buy/purchase”。
　　译文：Meanwhile, the fund is used to buy musical instruments and painting equipment.
　　4. 现在农村和山区的儿童可以与沿海城市的儿童一样上音乐和绘画课。
　　【简析】本句主干可提炼为：“儿童可以上课”?Children can attend /enjoy classes/lessons。“现在”译为Now, at present, nowadays等；“农村和山区的”词性转译为介词短语“in rural and mountain areas”；“与沿海城市的儿童一样”译为介词短语“(just) like children in coastal cities”，该部分建议使用插入语形式；“音乐和绘画”译为：“music and painting”可用于修饰“课”。
　　组合为：Now, like children in coastal cities, kids in rural and mountain areas can attend music and painting lessons.
　　5. 一些为接受更好教育而转往城市上学的学生如今又回到了本地农村学校就读。
　　【简析】本句“学生”之前的修饰成分较长，可译为定语从句。整句主干提炼为“学生回到当地学校。”?Students come back to local schools.
　　“为接受更好教育而转往城市上学的学生”该部分可转译为一句话：“一些学生为接受更好教育而转往城市上学”，即：Some students had transferred to cities for better education/schooling.”其中“上学”可译为“Education或schooling”。
　　“就读”两字可省译。
　　组合1：（两句话）Some students transferred to cities for better education, but now they come back to local schools.
　　组合2：（定语从句）Thus, some students, who had transferred to cities for better education, come back to local schools now.
　　根据上下文逻辑关系，可在添加表“因此”的逻辑副词“Thus, therefore, hence”等。
　　【建议背写不认识的词汇】
       

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        (实习编辑：郝梦恬)