|
|
Section A
Directions: In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks.
根据以下资料，回答1-10题：
Directions：In this section，there is a passage with ten blanks．You are required to select one word for each blankfrom a list ofchoices given in a word bankfollowing the passage．Read the passage through carefully before making your choices．Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter．Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre．You may not use any ofthe words in the bank more than once．
Questions 36 t0 45 are based on thefollowingpassage．
Judges at last weekend’s Pizza World Championship held in Parma，Italy,(36)__________the world’s top marghefita pizza title to Australian chef Johnny Di Francesco，owner of the 400 Gradi restaurant in Brunswick，a Melbourne suburb．
Di Francesco，36，beat more than 600 competitors from 35 countries to take ,home the Specialita Traditionale Garantita pizza prize in the(37)__________competition．
The win and subsequent publicity has made the small restaurant he owns in his hornetown all(38)__________sensation(知名人物)．
“It’s been all amazing reaction，”Di Francesco tells CNN．“Honestly,I just went to Naples to do what I love．I didn’t think it was going to make such a(39)__________．”
“A lot ofpeople think it is easy to(40)__________a margherita but it is one ofthe hardest(pizzas)to make，”Di Francesco told Australian website Good Food．
“With a lot of other pizzas it’s easy to mask the(41)__________with toppings(配料)so you don’t really get the flavor out of the dough．With a margherita there is no hiding anything that isn’t right．”
Competition rules are(42)__________0n what ingredients can top the dough(面团)on the margherita：only peeled tomatoes，certain types of mozzarella，garlic，olive oil，salt and fresh basil leaves are used．
Di Francesco，who says he’s been making pizza(43)__________1 2 years old and studied pizza-making at the highly regarded Associazione Verace Pizza Napoletana in Naples，Italy,calls himself a(44)__________when it comes to making pizza．
“It’s an honor to be part of what(Verace Pizza Napoletanaldoes，striving to(45)__________a traditionalway of making pizza the way they’ve done it in Naples for hundreds of years．”
注意：此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。
A．produce
B．flavor
C．rewarded
D．preserve
E．traditionalist
F．since
G．casual
H．awarded
I．overnight
J．annual
K．mess
L．after
M．conservative
N．strict
O．stir
1、请回答第36题_________
2、请回答第37题_________
3、请回答第38题_________
4、请回答第39题_________
5、请回答第40题_________
6、请回答第41题_________
7、请回答第42题_________
8、请回答第43题_________
9、请回答第44题_________
10、请回答第45题_________
Part I Writing.(30 minutes)
11、Directions：For ths part,you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay based on the picture below．You should start your essay with a briefaccount ofcollegeflea market and then discuss the advantages and disadvantages of college flea market．You should write at least120words and no more than 180.
675_141107103729v8umxEyl1WRjHuPO.jpg
Part II Listening Comprehension.(30 minutes)
Section B
Directions: In this section, you are going to read a passage with ten statements attached to it. Each statement contains information given in one of the paragraphs. Identify the paragraph from which the information is derived. You may choose a paragraph more than once. Each paragraph is marked with a letter. Answer the questions by marking the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2.
根据以下资料，回答47-56题：
Directions：In this section，you are going to read a passage with ten statements attached to it．Each statement contains information given in one of the paragraphs．Identify the paragraph from which the information is derived．You may choose a paragraph more than once．Each paragraph is marked with a letter．Answer the questions by marking the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2．
Here’s the Totally Amazing Wonder Material That Could Revolutionize Technology
A．In the technology industry,every new product or service seems to come with the promise that it is an innovation with the potential to change the world．Graphene(石墨烯)，a form of carbon，might actually do just that．
B．“Graphene is a wonderful material，”Jeanie Lau，a professor of physics at the University of California at Riverside，told Fortune．“It conducts heat 10 times better than copper and electricity 100 times better than silicon，is transparent like plastic，extremely lightweight,extremely strong,yet flexible and elastic．In the past decade，it has taken the scientific and technology communities by storm，and has become the most promising electronic material to supplement or replace silicon．”
C．Graphene has already found its way into a number of compelling applications，Lau said．For instance，“since it is both transparent and electrically conductive—two attributes rarely found in the same material in nature—it has tremendous potential as the transparent electrode in monitors．displays；solar cells，and touch screens，”she explained．“Companies such as Samsung that invest heavily in this area have already secured patents，produced prototypes，and are expected to bring products to market in a few years．”Wearable electronic devices，aviation components，broadband photodetectors(光电检测器)，radiation-resistant coatings，sensors，and energy storage are among numerous other areas of active research．Lau said．
D．For many researchers and investors，the ultimate application is graphene-based transistors，the building blocks of modem electronics．But getting there may take some time．
A child of graphite
E．First produced in a lab back in 2004，graphene is essentially a single layer of pure carbon atoms bonded together in a honeycomb lattice so thin it’s actually considered two-dimensional．“We generally regard anything less than 10 layers of graphene as graphene；otherwise，it’s graphite，”said Aravind Vijayaraghavan，a lecturer in nanomaterials at the University of Manchester．
F．Even“graphene”is a bit of an umbrella term．“To oversimplify,there are two major types of graphene，”Michael Patterson，CEO of Graphene Frontiers，said．The first：“Nanoplatelets，”which are powders or flakes made from graphite．These have been around for a while and are“not really super-sexy,”Patterson said．“You mix them into polymers(聚合物)or inks or rubbers to make them conductive．”In flake form，graphene is already on its way to becoming a commodity,Patterson added．The other type—in sheet or film form—is where graphene’s biggest promise lies．Graphene sheets have“incredible potential for electronics，”Patterson said．In the near term，that potential may manifest in situations where the quantity requirements are“not that great”and where quality or conductivity doesn’t have to be as high，such as in basic touch-screen applications，he said．Products that use graphene in this way could arrive to market in the next six to 1 2 months．
G．Looking a little further out，graphene can be employed in membranes used for water desalination．Lockheed-Martin already has a patented product known as Perforene．“It’s real and it works，but it won’t be economically viable until the product reaches an industrial scale where the cost is measured in pennies per square inch”rather than dollars or tens of dollars per square inch，Patterson explained．
“That’s where we’re working today．”
‘It’s expensive and low-capacity’
H．But use of graphene in semiconductors—the technology’s Holy Grail—is likely a decade away．“Many of the challenges presented by graphene are common to most new materials，”Paul Smith,a patent associate with the Intellectual Property Law Group at Fenwick & West，told Fortune．“The trick is figuring out how to synthesize graphene in a way that first is manufacturable beyond lab scale；second，preserves the desirable properties of the material；and third，can be integrated into a product or technology．”
D．Synthesizing graphene in sheet form is considerably more expensive and time-consuming than producing graphene flakes．Whereas the latter typically involves a“quick and dirty”process by which bulk graphite is disassembled into millions of tiny pieces，Lau explained，large sheets of graphene are carefully“grown”on substrates(基板)such as copper，germanium，or silicon carbide．
J．Graphene sheets are also prone to defects and“very difficult to make in good quality,”Ron Mertens，owner and editor of Graphene-Info．tom，said．Production capacity is also very limited．“There are thousands of small companies that can make graphene，but it’s expensive and low-capacity,”Mertens said．alround wafer measuring one inch in diameter,for instance，costs about$1 00，he added．
K．An even thornier obstacle on the way to graphene transistors is the fact that the material has no“band gap，”an essential property that allows transistors to be turned on and off without leaking electronic charge in the“off”state，said Elias Towe，a professor of electrical and computer engineering at Carnegie Mellon University．
L．“Band-gap engineering has been and remains the biggest challenge in the development of graphene transistors and computer chips．”Lau said．It requires controlling the material almost down at the atomic level，and“that’s really pushing the edges of existing technology,”Patterson said．“In 10 years，we’11 start to see these problems solved．”
‘It is largely a matter of time’
M．If graphene is to succeed as a replacement for silicon，every unit of cost and performance will make a difference，Towe said．
N．“Silicon is hard to displace，with all the billions dollars of investments made in manufacturing infrastructure，”he said．“A replacement for silicon has to offer extraordinary performance at extremely rock-bottom cost to compel industry to change its way．”
O．Though graphene is just 10 years old—in contrast,use of silicon in transistors dates to the early 1950s—considerable progress has already been made．For example，the largest graphene sheet was produced by hand in a laboratory eight years ago；its width was less than that of a human hair．“Nowadays，roll-to-roll printing of graphene sheets up to 1 00 meters long has been achieved，”Lau said．“With the increasing interest，investment，and research in graphene-based technology,I think it is largely a matter of time before the economy of scale kicks in and truly low-cost，large-scale production ofhigh-quality graphene is accomplished，”she added．
注意：此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。
47、Nanoplatelet is the powder-or flake-type of graphene that has been used for some time to make conductors and that is being launched on the market．
48、 To encourage industry to replace silicon with graphene，it is necessary for graphene to provide high property at an extremely low expense．
49、 While graphene flakes are roughly processed with bulk graphite，graphene sheets are carefully made on substrates like copper，germanium，or silicon carbide．
50、 In the past ten years．graphene has become a hot topic among the scientific and technology groups．
51、 Perforene won’t come into the market before it can be manufactured at a very low cost．
52、 Despite of a much younger age than silicon，great progress has been made in graphene；and with ever increasing interest，investment and research in graphene technology,it’s probable to manufacture cost- effective graphene of high quality．
53、 Graphene has been attempted to be used for plenty of noticeable applications．
54、 Yet it still needs to take ten years for graphene to be used in semiconductors，which lies at the heart of the technology．
55、 With today’s technology,it is still impossible to control material down at the atomic level．
56、 Elias Towe pointed out that having no“band gap”，the dispensable feature of transistors，makes it more difficult to produce graphene transistors．
Section C
Directions: There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D). You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.
根据以下资料，回答57-66题：
Passage One
Quesaons 56 to 60 are based on thefollowingpassage．
The vast glaciers of western Antarctica are rapidly melting and losing ice to the sea and almost certainly have“passed the point of no return，”according to new work by two separate teams of scientists．
The likely result：a rise in global sea levels of 4 feet or more in the coming centuries，says research made public Monday by scientists at the University of Washington，the University of California-Irvine and NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory．
“It really is an amazingly distressing situation，”says Pennsylvania State University glaciologist(冰川学家)Sridhar Anandakrishnan，who was not affiliated with either study．“This is a huge part of West Antarctica．and it seems to have been kicked over the edge．”
The researchers say the fate of the glaciers is almost certainly beyond hope．
One study shows that a river of ice called Thwaites Glacier is probably in the early stages of collapse．Total collapse is almost inevitable．the study shows．
A second study shows that a halfdozen glaciers are pouring ice into the sea at an ever-greater pace．That will trigger 4 feet of sea-level rise，says study author Eric Rignot，a glaciologist at the University of Califomia-Irvine，and NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory．
“The retreat of ice in that area is unstoppable，”Rignot said at a briefing Monday,adding that the glaciers have“passed the point of no return．”
Rignot and his team used data from satellites and aircraft to map changes in six West Antarctic glaciers and the terrain underlying these massive ice floes(浮冰)．The data show the glaciers are stretching out，thinning and shrinking in volume．They’re A．so flowing faster from the continent’s interior to the sea，dumping larger quantities of ice into the ocean than before and thereby raising sea levels．
At the same time，the portion of each glacier projecting into the sea is being melted from below by warm ocean water．That leads to a vicious cycle of more thinning and faster flow,and the local Terrain offers no barrier to the glaciers’retreat，the researchers report in an upcoming issue of Geophysical Research Leaers．
A report in this week’s Science says the Thwaites Glacier will collapse．perhaps in 200 years．The paper doesn’t specify the amount of sea-level rise associated with nlwaites’demise．
57、Who contributed to the Monday research?
A．The two separate teams of scientists．
B．Scientists at the University of Washington，of California．Irvine and NASA's Lab．
C．Scientists at Pennsylvania State University．
D．Several glaciologists．
58、 What is the current situation of Thwaites Glacier?
A．It is on the edge of inevitable collapsing．
B．It has completely gone．
C．It is becoming 1arger in volume．
D．It is flowing to the sea．
59、 What are the problems ofAntarcfic glaciers?
A．They are becoming smaller in volume．
B．They are flowing at a faster speed to the sea．
C．They ale pouring more and mole ice into the sea．
D．All the above．
60、 What does the report in Geophysical Research Letters show?
A．The ice poured into the sea is being melted from above．
B．The melting of the ice can result in the vicious cycle of the glaciers’melting．
C．The local terrain has nothing to do with glacier retreat．
D．Warm ocean water can slow down the glaciers’melting．
61、 According to the passage，what do the words“passed the point of no return”mean(Line 2，Para．1)?
A．The glaciers can’t flow back to the continents．
B．The glaciers are different from what they were years ago．
C．The melting of glaciers has come to the stage of being inevitable．
D．The speed of glacier melting can’t return to the former one．
根据以下资料，回答62-71题：
Quesaons 61 to 65 are based on thefollowingpassage．
In 2005，the medical examiner in Wichita，Kansas，noticed a cluster of deaths that were unusually similar in nature：in three years，sixteen men and women，between the ages of twenty-two and fifty-two，had died in their sleep．In the hours before they lost consciousness，they had been sluggish and dopey,struggling to stay awake．A few had complained of chest pain．“I can’t catch my breath，”one kept saying．
All of them had taken painkillers prescribed by a family practice called the Schneider Medical Clinic．
The clinic was in Haysville．a working．class suburb of Wichita．The main industries in the area were aircraft and plastics，neither of which was doing well．A mile south of the clinic，there was little except wheat fields．The chief doctor was Stephen Schneider,a fifty-one-year-old osteopath(整骨师)with sandy hair and dimples．He treated the county commissioner and the chief of police，gave physicals to the boys at the Haysville high school，and did rounds at local nursing homes．One of his patients，Jeffrey Peters，told me that Schneider reminded him of the“kind of family doctor we had forty years ago．when l was growing up—a doctor who will sit down and listen to you and ioke around and make you feel comfortable．”
On September 13，2005，Schneider arrived at work to find the clinic cordoned(包围隔离)off with police tape．He called his wife，Linda Atterbury,a blond，peppy forty-seven-year-old nurse，who was at home with their two young daughters，and told her to come to work．Agents from the Kansas Bureau of Investigation and the Drug Enforcement Administration led Schneider into one of the clinic’s fourteen exam rooms and asked him why he had been prescribing so many opioid(鸦片类)painkillers．He responded that sixty per cent of his patients suffered from chronic pain，and few other physicians in the area would treat them．The agents wrote．“He tries to believe his patients whenthey describe their health problems and he will believe them until they prove themselves wrong．”When asked how many of his patients had died,Schneider said that he didn’t know…
注意：此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。
62、What’s the similar nature of the 16 people’s death?
A．They were examined by the same medical examiner．
B．They were treated by the same docton
C．Thev all died in their sleep．
D．Their ages are roughly the same．
63、 What were the common symptoms they had before they died?
A．They were sluggish and dopey before losing their consciousness．
B．They had taken painkillers from the same docton
C．They got hurt in their chest．
D．They couldn’t breathe．
64、 Where did Schneider Medical Clinic locate?
A．In the center of Wichita．
B．A mile north of a large wheat field．
C．A place which did well in aircraft and plastics．
D．A rich upper-class area in Haysville．
65、 What was the family doctor like 40 years ago?
A．Serious and strict．
B．Cold．hearted．
C．Cruel and vicious．
D．Sincere and considerate．
66、 Why was Schneider’s clinic visited by the police?
A．Because the doctor was selling opioid painkillers to the patients．
B．Because the clinic was the only one in this area．
C．Because the doctor abused his patients．
D．Because the police wanted to use the clinic as an exam place．
Part III Reading Comprehension.(40 minutes)
Part IV Translation.(30minutes)
Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to translate a passage from Chinese into English. You should write your answer on Answer Sheet 2.
67、故宫(Imperial Palace)位于北京城的中心，是明清两代(Ming and Qing Dynasties)的皇宫，是中国现存最大的古代木构建筑群。故宫始建于l406年，历时十四年后竣工，迄今已有5000多年的历史。气势雄伟的故宫是中国古建筑艺术的精华，里面保存有大量稀世文物和珍宝，对于研究明清两代及历代艺术具有重要意义。1987年被联合国教科文组织(UNESCO)列入“世界人类文化遗产”。
注意：此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。
|
|
发表于 2016-7-11 20:24:16