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Section II Use of English (15 minutes)
根据以下资料，回答21-40题：
Nowadays，air travel is very 21 ．We are not surprised when we watch on TV that a politician has talked with French President in Paris and attended a meeting in Beijing on the same day．___22___．if a person takes long-distance flying frequently，he can be so tired that he maybe feel his brain is in one country，his___23___in another．___24___，he ___25___knows where he is．
When we fly from east to west or ___26___ versa，the ___27___ we experience after taking a long-distance flying is ___28___ ，because we cross time zones．According to doctors，air travelers，after crossing several time zones，are in no___29___to go to work，and they should go ___30___ bed ___31___ arrival．
As to airline pilots who often live ___32___ their own watches and ignore local time，there is no need for them to worry about their health although they sometimes have breakfast at midnight, because they are used to ___33___ and are___34___fit．
Many businessmen like long-distance flights，thinking they are 35 to have been chosen and they are out for promotion．They are lucky if the company follows the doctor's advice and allow them to rest for a day or two___36___ working．However，sometimes the manager is SO energetic that he believes everyone is ___37___ to be as fit as he is．Since he has never felt ___38___ after flying himself，the work he assigns is so ___39___ that the employee is too ___40 ___to carry the work out satisfactorily．That is disastrous for the employee's health and the company's reputation．
21、
A．ordinary
B．common
C．plain
D．usual
22、
A．Hence
B．However
C．Otherwise
D．Furthermore
23、
A．digestion
B．concentration
C．friends
D．life
24、
A．In short order
B．All in one
C．In a word
D．In other words
25、
A．almost
B．nearly
C．hardly
D．practically
26、
A．vice
B．via
C．vicar
D．vibes
27、
A．weary
B．fatigue
C．tired
D．strain
28、
A．strengthened
B．increased
C．reinforced
D．aggravated
29、
A．status
B．state
C．situation
D．condition
30、
A．away
B．straggly
C．straightforward
D．straight
31、
A．in
B．when
C．after
D．on
32、
A．on
B．by
C．upon
D．with
33、
A．ny
B．flying
C．live
D．lives
34、
A．mentally
B．emotionally
C．physically
D．bodily
35、
A．favored
B．flattened
C．flayed
D．flattered
36、
A．before
B．behind
C．after
D．in front of
37、
A．likely
B．supposed
C．going
D．expected
38、
A．discontent
B．resentful
C．dissatistied
D．uncomfortable
39、
A．demeaning
B．demanding
C．demonstrative
D．deplorable
40、
A．sleepy
B．excited
C．exhausted
D．angry
Section III Reading Comprehension (60 minutes)
Part A
根据以下资料，回答41-60题：
Nowadays，our society is being reshaped by information technologies--computers，telecommunications networks，and other digital systems．Of course，our society has gone through other periods of dramatic change before，driven by such innovations as the steam engine，railroad，telephone，and automobile．But never before have we experienced technologies that are evolving so rapidly，altering the constraints of time and space，and reshaping the way we communicate，learn，and think．
The rapid development of digital technologies creates not only more opportunities for the society but challenges to it as well．Institutions of every stripe are grappling to respond by adapting their strategies and activities．It is no exaggeration to say that information technology is completely changing the relationship between people and knowledge． But ironically，at the most knowledge-based entities--the colleges and universities--the pace of transformation has been relatively modest．Although research has been transformed by information technology in many ways，and it is increasingly used for student and faculty communications，other higher-education functions have remained almost unchanged．For example，teaching largely continues to follow a classroom-centered．seat-based paradigm．However，some major teaching experiments are emerging，and some factors suggest that digital technologies may eventually drive significant change throughout academia．
American academia has undergone significant change before．The establishment of secular education began during the l8th century and the Land-Grant College Act of l862 resulted in another transformation．That Act created institutions serving agriculture and industries；Academia was no longer just for the wealthy but charged with providing educational opportunities to the working class as well．Around the year of l900，the introduction of graduate education began to expand the role of the university in training students for careers both scholarly and professional．
Higher education has already experienced significant technology based change，even if it currently lags other sectors in some areas．We expect that the new technology will eventually impose a profound impact on university's teaching by freeing the classroom from its physical and temporal bounds and by providing students with access to original source materials and that new learning communities driven by information technology will allow universities to better teach students how to be critical analyzers and consumers of information．
The information society has greatly expanded the need for university level education；lifelong learning is not only a private good for those who pursue it but also a social good in terms of our nation's ability to maintain a vibrant democracy and support a competitive workforce．
41、Which of the followings does not belong to information technologies?
A．Laptop
B．Telephone
C．Telecommunication networks．
D．Digital systems．
42、 Many institutions adjust their strategies and activities in order to________．
A．make money
B．change the relationship between people and knowledge
C．take advantage of the opportunities provided by digital technologies
D．adapt to the development of digital technologies
43、 The phrase"higher-education functions"(Line 4，Paragraph 3)probably means________．
A．increasing students'ability
B．broaden students'horizons
C．enriching students'knowledge
D．the way of teaching
44、 The transformation resulted from the Land-Grant College Act of l862 was________．
A．the popularization of education
B．the establishment of secular education
C．the introduction of graduate education
D．the appearance of a competitive workforce
45、 Information technology will have an impact on the following aspects except________．
A．freeing the constraints of time and space on classroom
B．the chance students have to read original source materials
C．the way of communication
D．training students for professional career
根据以下资料，回答46-65题：
Now the politics of US health reform is in a mess but the odds on a bill passing in the end are improving．It will not be a tidy thin9，but if it moves the country close to universal health insurance the administration will call it a success．
At this moment，that point of view may seem too optimistic．Last Friday，the Democratic leadership in the House of Representatives had hoped to produce a finished bill．But they failed，because the party's fiscal conservatives demanded further savings．House Democrats are also divided on revenue raising measures．
The Senate is dealing with the same problems：how to contain the cost of expanded insurance coverage，and how to pay for what remains，SO that the reform adds nothing to the budget deficit over the course of lo years．
Where the money comes from remains the crucial problem．Apparently，the answer is straight-forward：tax employer-provided health benefits．At present，an employer in the U．S．is free from paying tax if he pays the health insurance while an individual purchaser has to buy it with after-tax dollars．This anomaly costs nearly$250bn a year in revenue--enough to pay for universal cover-age．and then some．Yet many Democrats in both the House and the Senate oppose to ending it．Will there be a breakthrough in terms of that aspect?
However, to get employers out of health insurance should be an aim，not something to be feared．Many US workers have complained that if they lose their job，their health insurance will go with it and tying insurance to employment will undoubtedly worsen the insecurity．
What about high．risk workers who are thrown on to the individual market? If the tax break were abolished as part of a larger reform which obliges insurers to offer affordable coverage to all people regardless of pre-existing conditions．it will not be a problem．It's true this change needs to increase tax，and many people in Congress are reluctant to contemplate in any form．But some kind of increase is inescapable．This one makes more sense than most．
The President should say so．His Republican opponent John McCain called for this change during the election campaign and Mr Obama and other Democrats assailed the idea．So what? Mr．Obama has changed his ideas on other aspects of health reform．For example，it seems that he now prefers an individual mandate to buy insurance。Let US see a similar flexibility on taxing employer-provided insurance．
46、According to the author，__________．
A．the politics of U．S．health reform is a total failure
B．there is no possibility of passing a bill
C．it's difficult to pass a bill
D．U．S．will achieve universal health insurance
47、 In the author's opinion．which of the following is "revenue-raising measures"?
A．Tax employer-provided health benefits．
B．Tax individual-purchased health insurance．
C．Ending taxing employer-provided health benefits．
D．Ending taxing individual-purchased health insurance．
48、 Why did the author say that to get employers out of health insurance should be an aim?
A．Because employers evaded paying taxes．
B．Because tying insurance to employment was bad to workers．
C．Because it's illegal for employers to provide health insurance．
D．Because the administration needed to raise revenue．
49、 What does the author feel about President's preference to an individual's buying insurance?
A．Going back on his word．
B．Stubborn．
C．Flexible．
D．Short-sighted．
50、 What "change" did John McCain once called for during the election campaign?
A．Increasing tax．
B．Obliging insurers to offer affordable coverage to all people regardless of pre-existing conditions．
C．Insurance should be bought by individual instead of being provided by employers.
D．To get employers out of health insurance
根据以下资料，回答51-70题：
According to Peter Salovey，Yale psychologist and author of the term EQ，IQ gets you hired and EQ gets you promoted.
Salovey tells of a simple test．Some four．year-old kids were。invited into a room and were given the following instruction："You can have this marshmallow right now；or if you wait，you can have two marshmallows when I get back．"Then，the researcher left．Some kids grabbed for me treat as soon as the researcher was out the door，while others waited for the researcher to return. By the time the kids reached high school，significant differences appeared between the two groups． The kids who held out for two marshmallows were better adjusted，more popular，more adventurous，more confident，and more dependable than kids in the quick gratification group．The latter group was also more likely to be lonely，more easily frustrated，more stubborn，more likely to buckle under stress，and more likely to shy away from challenges．When both groups took scholiastic aptitude tests.the"hold out group"walloped the "quick gratification group"by 210 points f the test scores range from a minimum of 200 points to a maximum of 800，with an average for all students of 500 points)．
Researchers have been discussing whether it's possible to raise a person's IQ．Geneticists say No，while social scientists say Yes．But while brain power researchers continue the debate，social science re-searchers have concluded that it's possible to improve a person's EQ，and in particular，a person's"people skills,"such as empathy，graciousness，and the ability t0"read"a social situation．
According to the social scientists，there is little doubt that people without sufficient EQ will have a hard time surviving in life．EQ is perhaps best observed in people described as either pessimists or optimists．Optimistic people have high EQ and treat obstacles as minor，while the pessimistic people have low EQ and personalizes all setbacks．In social research circles，EQ denotes one's ability to survive．and it's here that there may be an overlap between EQ，IQ，genetics and environment．As to that．I am reminded of the words of Darwin，"The biggest，tlle smartest，and the strongest are not the survivors．Rather。Ⅱle survivors are the most adaptable．"Those of us who survive and thrive in this complex world are not only the most adaptable，but also the most optimistic and the most likely to have a high EQ．
51、EQ gets you promoted，not because________．
A．a person with high EQ is better adjusted
B．a person with high EQ is more stubborn
C．a person with high EQ is more confident
D．A person with high EQ is more popular
52、 The word"walloped"(Line l0，Paragraph 2)most probably means"________"
A．hit
B．defeated
C．won
D．lost
53、 According to the social scientists，________．
A．pessimists have high EQ
B．optimists have low EQ
C．it's impossible to improve a person's EQ
D．a person having low EQ will have a hard time surviving in life
54、 In the view of social scientists，EQ is________．
A．one's ability to survive
B．empathy
C．graciousness
D．the ability to"read"a social situation
55、 From the text we can infer that________．
A．it's universally accepted that it is possible to improve one's IQ
B．there is nothing in common between IQ and EQ
C．a person with high EQ is willing to take risks
D．a person with low EQ is likely to sympathize with other people
根据以下资料，回答56-75题：
Queuing is nothing special in Japan．Every day，television programs show long lines of people queuing for up to one hour even in front of regular noodle shops，only to finish their food within less than ten minutes．
Why Japanese people queue so often? Do they love it? Probably they d0：According to Japanese people，just like an excessively high price Call evoke an image of equally high quality，long waiting lines act as an indicator for popularity，reduce availability and increase the subjective value of a good．Thus，for many Japanese customers，waiting lines are probably the most effective advertisement．For example，in an article published in The Japan Times in summer 2007，a Japanese woman confessed that she enjoyed queuing outside shops and restaurants and that she usually joined the line before asking the person in front of her what kind of product was sold．Standing in line also increases and extends anticipation until-yatto!(finally!)-patience is rewarded with the desired product．But when taken to an extreme level，the product one is actually queuing for ceases to be of any importance at all．
There are also some customers who are unable to queue or who are unwilling to wait，thinking it's a waste of time queuing in a line．What could they do? They can rent a queuer who will stand in line and purchase the desired product for them．Obviously，this service is not free of charge．Some service companies who offer all kinds of unusual service provide rentable"queuers".What's more，in addition to providing queuers to individuals，the service companies also provide queuers to some shops to increase the image of a hard-to-get product and make customers want to join the line by forming or extending lines．Therefore，waiting lines have become a marketing tool and it would not be surprising to find professional queuers in a line．Some people view it a pure speculation，but they can't deny that it really works and the wage of a few professional queuers to keep the line in shape would be a minor investment compared with what would happen if the queue suddenly disappeared．
However,Success is not always guaranteed because the attractiveness of waiting in line can easily backfire if the desired product does not meet expectations．
56、What is the marketing tool appears in the text?
A．Providing queuers to individuals．
B．Providing queuers to shops．
C．Hiring professional queuers to wait for oneself．
D．Hiring professional queuers to keep a line in shape．
57、 Which of the following is true according to the text?
A．All the Japanese people love queuing．
B．Japanese people join in a line without asking what product is sold．
C．Waiting lines are very attractive to some Japanese customers．
D．Japanese advertisements are waiting lines．
58、 What does the word"backfire"(Line 2，Paragraph 4)mean?
A．Disappear．
B．Make a sudden noise like an explosion．
C．Have the opposite effect to the one intended．
D．Intensify．
59、 It can be inferred from the text that_________．
A．Japanese people eat foods quickly
B．many shops hire professional queuers to form or extend waiting lines
C．it's very easy to keep Japanese people in order
D．most Japanese people queue paying no attention to the sold products
60、 The best title for the text probably is_________．
A．Queuing in Japan
B．A New Marketing Tool
C．Professional Queuers
D．Keep Order
Section III Reading Comprehension
Part B
根据以下资料，回答61-65题：
Read the following text carefully and then translate the underlined segments into Chinese. Your translation should be written clearly on ANSWER SHEET 2．
As part of more comprehensive compliance and ethics programs，many companies have formulated internal policies pertaining to the ethical conduct of employees．These policies can be simple exhortations in broad，highly-generalized language(typically called a corporate ethics statement)，or they Can be more detailed policies，containing specific behavioral requirements(typically called corporate ethics codes)．61)They are generally meant to identify the company's expectations of workers and to offer guidance on handling some of the more common ethical problems that might a-rise in the course of doing business．62)It is hoped that having such a policy will lead to greater ethical awareness, consistency in application, and the avoidance of ethical disasters．
63)An increasing number of companies also requires employees to attend seminars regarding business conduct, which often include discussion of the company's policies, specific case studies, and legal requirements．Some companies even require their employees to sign agreements stating that they will abide by the company's rules of conduct．
Many companies are assessing the environmental factors that Call lead employees to engage in unethical conduct．A competitive business environment may call for unethical behavior． Lying has become expected in fields such as trading．An example of this are the issues surrounding the unethical actions of the Saloman Brothers．
Not everyone supports corporate policies that govern ethical conduct，Some claim that ethical problems are better dealt with by depending upon employees to use their own judgment．
Others believe that corporate ethics policies are primarily rooted in utilitarian concerns，and that they are mainly to limit the company's legal．1iability，or to curry public favor by giving the appearance of being a good corporate citizen．Ideally，the company will avoid a lawsuit because its employees will follow the rules．64)Should a lawsuit occur,the company can_claim that the problem would not have arisen if the employee had only followed the code properly．
Sometimes there is disconnection between the company's code of ethics and the company's actual practices．65)Thus, whether or not such conduct is explicitly sanctioned by management, at worst, this makes the policy duplicitous(搞两面派的),and, at best, it is merely a marketing tool．
Section IV Writing.(35 minutes)
66、Study the following cartoon carefully and write an essay on it．In your essay，you should
(1)describe：the cartoon briefly；
(2)analyze this situation；
(3)give your comments．
You should write l60-200 words neatly on ANSWER SHEET 2．
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时间：2014年6月14日
主讲内容：2014年英语四六级真题及答案解析
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发表于 2016-7-11 20:24:03