2012年12月英语四级考前40天模拟试题练习（五）

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　　2012年12月英语四级考前40天模拟试题练习（五）
        　　Part I Listening Comprehension (20 minutes)
　　Section A
　　Directions: In this section, you will hear 10 short conversations. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. Both the conversation and the question will be spoken only once. After each question there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the four choices marked A), B), C) and D), and decide which is the best answer. Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the center.
　　Example: You will hear:
　　You will read: A) At the office. B) In the waiting room.
　　C) At the airport. D) In a restaurant.
　　From the conversation we know that the two were talking about some work they will start at 9 o' clock in the morning and have to finish at 2 in the afternoon. Therefore, A) "At the office" is the correct answer. You should choose [A] on the Answer Sheet and mark it with a single line through the center.
　　Sample Answer [A] [B] [C] [D]
　　1. A) She's flying to Hong Kong.
　　B) She's going to buy an air ticket.
　　C) She's going to say good-bye to Tom.
　　D) She's leaving for Hong Kong with Tom
　　2. A) Buy something for the picnic.
　　B) Go shopping with the man.
　　C) Go for a ride around town.
　　D) Have a picnic.
　　3. A) In the side pocket of her jacket.
　　B) In the top pocket of her jacket.
　　C) In the side pocket of her trousers.
　　D) In the back pocket of her tight trousers.
　　4. A) $6 B) $4 C) $7 D) $11
　　5. A) On Sunday afternoon. B) On Saturday afternoon.
　　C) On Sunday evening. D) On a weekday.
　　6. A) On a plane. B) On an island. C) At a store. D) In a car.
　　7. A) Lisa's friends. B) Lisa's colleagues
　　C) Lisa's parents. D) Lisa's cousins.
　　8. A) They received Bob's letter at six. B) Bob will arrive by train.
　　C) The man will meet Bob at the airport. D) Bob is expected to be here by plane.
　　9. A) Lily will be late. B) She hopes Lily won't come.
　　C) She thinks Lily will arrive on time. D) Lily can't come.
　　10. A) Help the man. B) Talk to Mr. Smith.
　　C) Go home D) Type some letters.
　　Section B
　　Directions: In this section, you will hear 3 short passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear some questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the center.
　　Passage One
　　11. A) He was born on May 6, 1953. B) He was born on May 7 ,1963.
　　C) He was born on May 7 ,1943. D) He was born on May 6 ,1963.
　　12. A) at Tsinghua University B) at Oxford University
　　C) at Cambridge University D) at New York University
　　13. A) In 1980. B) In 1985. C) In 1965. D) In 1975.
　　Passage Two
　　14. A) about 25,000 kilometers B) about 2,500 kilometers
　　C) about 35,000 kilometers D) about 3,500 kilometers
　　15. A) Visit museums in the big city.
　　B) Go to theater in the town.
　　C) Cheap Day Excursion trains.
　　D) See the beautiful scenery in the countryside.
　　16. A) building carriages B) guiding the tourist
　　C) repairing the tracks D) running the railways
　　Passage Three
　　17. A) 1940 B) 1941 C) 1959 D) 1971
　　18. A) to make body strong B) it is his interest
　　C) fight at school D) defend himself
　　19. A) studied at the University of Washington
　　B) get married
　　C) development of his own martial arts style
　　D) he took part in three movies
　　20. A) producer B) actor C) driver D) broker
　　Part II Reading Comprehension (35 minutes)
　　Directions: There are 4 passages in this part. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D). You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the center.
　　Passage One
　　Questions 21 to 25 are based on the following passage.
　　Social change is more likely to occur in societies where there is a mixture of different kinds of people than in societies where people are similar in many ways. The simple reason for this is that there are more different ways of looking at things present in the first kind of society. There are more ideas, more disagreements in interest, and more groups and organizations with different beliefs. In addition, there is usually a greater worldly interest and greater tolerance in mixed societies. All these factors tend to promote social change by opening more areas of life to decision.
　　In a society where people are quite similar in many ways, there are fewer occasions for people to see the need or the opportunity for change because everything seems to be the same. And although conditions may not be satisfactory, they are at least customary and undisputed.
　　Within a society, social change is also likely to occur more frequently and more readily in the material aspects of the culture than in the non-material, for example, in technology rather than in values; in what has been learned later in life rather than what was learned early; in the less basic and less emotional aspects of society than in their opposites; in the simple elements rather than in the complex ones; in form rather than in substance; and in elements that are acceptable to the culture rather than in strange elements. Furthermore, social change is easier if it is gradual. For example, it comes readily on human relations on a continuous scale rather than one with sharp dichotomies（分歧）. This is one reason why change has not come more quickly to black Americans as compared to other American minorities, because of the sharp difference in appearance between them and their white counterparts.
　　21. According to the passage, one of the factors that tend to promote social change is .
　　A) mutual interest B) different points of view
　　C) more worldly people D) advanced technology
　　22. Social change is less likely to occur in a society where people are quite similar in many ways because .
　　A) people there are always satisfied with their living conditions
　　B) people there have identical needs that can be met without much disputes
　　C) people there have got accustomed to their conditions that they seldom think it necessary to change
　　D) people there are less emotional and easy to please
　　23. According to the passage, which of the following is NOT true?
　　A) Social values play an important role in social change.
　　B) Social change is more likely to occur in the material aspects of society.
　　C) Social change is more likely to occur if it comes gradually.
　　D) Social change tends to meet with more difficulty in basic and emotional aspects of society.
　　24. The expression "greater tolerance" in Paragraph 1 refers to .
　　A) greater willingness to accept social change
　　B) quicker adoption to changing circumstances
　　C) more respect for different beliefs and behavior
　　D) greater readiness to agree to different opinions and ideas
　　25. The passage mainly discusses .
　　A) two different societies
　　B) the necessary of social change
　　C) different social changes
　　D) certain factors that determine the ease with which social changes occur
　　Passage Two
　　Questions 26 to 30 are based on the following passage.
　　Climate, more than any other single factor, determines the distributions of life on Earth. Climatic boundaries establish the limits within which organisms can survive.
　　Plants, even more than animals, must be well adapted to climate in order to survive. They cannot move about or take shelter but must be equipped to endure whatever weather conditions are likely to occur.
　　In the harsh conditions of tundra, for example, low growing mosses, lichens, and a few flowering plants all hug the ground for shelter from icy winds.
　　Animals, despite their ability to move about and find shelters, are just as much influenced by climate as plants are. Creatures such as the camel and the penguin are so highly specialized that they have as extremely limited distribution. Others, such as bears, are flexible enough to adapt to a broad range of climates. Ocean-dwelling organisms are just as sensitive to climatic changes - in this case temperature and salinity（含盐量）- as land animals. Reef corals can survive only in clear warm seawater. Certain foraminifers are so sensitive to changes in their environment that their presence can be taken as an index of sea temperature. Human beings are among the least specialized of all animals and can live almost anywhere. Their clothes and their homes act as a sort of "miniature climate" that can be taken with them everywhere.
　　26. Which of the following is neither plant nor animal?
　　A) Tundra B) Reef coral C) Penguin D) Camel
　　27. According to the passage, the tundra grow close to the ground .
　　A) to avoid being eaten by arctic animals
　　B) because fertilizer is not readily available
　　C) to minimize exposure to the cold
　　D) because unfrozen water plants are very scarce
　　28. According to the passage, which of the following can be found in the greatest number of different climate areas on Earth?
　　A) Reef corals B) Penguins C) Bears D) Camels
　　29. It can be inferred from the passage that foraminifers (Line 6, Para 4) are a .
　　A) kind of weather pattern B) species of tundra plant
　　C) form of sea life D) type of miniature penguin
　　30. According to the passage, human beings can survive almost everywhere on Earth because .
　　A) they have developed advanced forms of transportation
　　B) they have learned how to process seawater for drinking
　　C) their body temperature can vary considerably
　　D) their shelters and clothing help them to adapt to the environment
            
            

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　　Passage Three
　　Questions 31 to 35 are based on the following passage.
　　One of the most widely discussed subjects these days is the energy crisis. Automobile drivers cannot get gasoline, homeowners may not get enough heating oil, factories are threatened by a fuel shortage.
　　The crisis has raised questions about the large oil companies and windfall（意外收获）profits. Critics of the oil industry charge that the major companies are getting richer because of the oil shortage. Shortage, of course, drives prices up. As oil prices rise, the critics say, the oil companies will make more and more money - windfall profits - without doing a thing to earn the extra cash.
　　"Windfall" profits are sudden unearned profits - profits made because of luck, or some special turn of events. The word itself tells what "windfall" means - something blown down by the wind, such as trees, or fruit blown from trees. But the word has taken on a special meaning. This meaning - getting something unearned - was first used in medieval（中世纪的）England. This is how it started: At that time much of the land was in the hands of a few barons（贵族）. The rest of the people, commoners, lived and worked on their vast estates（领地）. They planted the seed, cared for the farm animals and harvested the crops. Not all the land, however, was used for farming. Every land baron kept a large private forest for hunting deer and wild boar（野猪）. When hungry, the people sometimes would like kill the animals in the lords forest for food. And there were times when they might cut down trees for fuel. So, strong laws were passed to protect the forest and the animals. Violations were severely punished. But there was one way people could get wood from the forest. If they found trees blown down by the wind - "windfall" - they were free to take them for use as fuel in their homes. And that is the meaning that has come down to us - something gotten by luck or accident.
　　The poor common people of old England must often have prayed for a good strong wind. Critics today complain that the oil industry has also been praying for something just like it - some political or military storm that might produce a windfall - a rise in oil prices and profits. The oil companies deny that this is so. In congress, critics of the oil companies have proposed a tax on such profits. The debate on rising oil prices will go on for some time, and most likely we will hear more and more about windfall profits.
　　31. "Critics of the companies" in the last paragraph means .
　　A) persons from the oil companies who are criticizing others
　　B) persons criticizing the oil companies
　　C) critical opinions from the oil companies
　　D) critical opinions to the oil companies
　　32. Which of the following couldn't the commoners do in the medieval English?
　　A) Do farm work. B) Raise animals.
　　C) Live on baron's land. D) Kill animals for food.
　　33. Which word (s) should be stressed?
　　A) `windfall profits B) windfall `profits
　　C) `windfall `profits D) windfall profits
　　34. The author's attitude towards the "windfall profits" made by the major oil companies seems to be ______.
　　A) sympathetic B) objective C) indistinct D) critical
　　35. Which do you think would be the best title for the article?
　　A) A Story in Medieval England. B) Energy Crisis.
　　C) Windfall Profits. D) The Origin of Windfall.
　　Passage Four
　　Questions 36 to 40 are based on the following passage.
　　The appeal of advertising to buying motives can have both negative and positive effects. Consumers may be convinced to buy a product of poor quality or high price because of an advertisement. For example, some advertisers have appealed to peoples desire for better fuel economy for their cars by advertising automotive products that improve gasoline mileage. Some of the products work. Others are worthless and a waste of consumers money. Sometimes advertising is intentionally misleading. A few years ago a brand of bread was offered to dieters with the message that there were fewer calories in every slice. It turned out that the bread was not dietetic, but just regular bread. There were fewer calories because it was sliced very thin, but there were the same number of calories in every loaf.
　　On the positive side, emotional appeals may respond to a consumers real concerns. Consider fire insurance. Fire insurance may be sold by appealing to fear of loss. But fear of loss is the real reason for fire insurance. The security of knowing that property is protected by insurance makes the purchase of fire insurance a worthwhile investment for most people. If consumers consider the quality of the insurance plans as well as the message in the ads, they will benefit from the advertising. Each consumer must evaluate her or his own situation. Are the benefits of the product important enough to justify buying it?
　　Advertising is intended to appeal to consumers, but it does not force them to buy the product. Consumers still control the final buying decision.
　　36. Advertising can persuade the consumer to buy worthless products by .
　　A) stressing their high quality
　　B) convincing him of their low price
　　C) maintaining a balance between quality and price
　　D) appealing to his buying motives
　　37. The reason why the bread advertisement is misleading is that .
　　A) thin slices of bread could contain more calories
　　B) the loaf was cut into regular slices
　　C) the bread was not genuine bread
　　D) the total number of calories in the loaf remained the same
　　38. The passage tells us that .
　　A) sometimes advertisements really sell what the consumer needs
　　B) advertisements occasionally force consumers into buying things they don't need
　　C) the buying motives of consumers are controlled by advertisements
　　D) fire insurance is seldom a worthwhile investment
　　39. It can be inferred from the passage that a smart consumer should .
　　A) think carefully about the benefits described in the advertisements
　　B) guard against the deceiving nature of advertisements
　　C) be familiar with various advertising strategies
　　D) avoid buying products that have strong emotional appeal
　　40. The passage is mainly about .
　　A) how to make a wise buying decision
　　B) ways to protect the interests of the consumer
　　C) the positive and negative aspects of advertising
　　D) the function of advertisements in promoting sales
　　Part III Vocabulary (20 Minutes)
　　Directions: There are 30 incomplete sentences in this part. For each sentence there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Choose the ONE answer that best completes the sentence. Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the centre.
　　41. He said he is my friend but I don't think so.
　　A) intensive B) imitate C) intimate D) intimidate
　　42. I you've decided against taking my advice.
　　A) express B) declare C) assume D) exclude
　　43. Our plan when it proved too costly.
　　A) fell through B) got through C) broke through D) went through
　　44. Some strange customs have from earlier times.
　　A) evolved B) survived C) involved D) suspended
　　45. You don't have to pay any on personal belongings.
　　A) price B) duty C) expense D) fare
　　46. Food is a big industry in this area.
　　A) projecting B) promising C) processing D) promoting
　　47. We never that John would become a doctor.
　　A) respected B) wondered C) suspected D) estimated
　　48. Heavy taxed are on wines imported from the other countries.
　　A) imposed B) impacted C) dispose D) compact
　　49. This factory is planning to build a new line this year.
　　A) resemble B) assembly C) collection D) assessment
　　50. He his success to the good education he has received.
　　A) distributes B) contributes C) attributes D) owns
　　51. They spent many years for oil in this small island.
　　A) exploring B) exploding C) exposing D) exploiting
　　52. We can't the fact that we are still a developing country.
　　A) ignore B) neglect C) imagine D) impress
　　53. Can you the man who robbed you of your watch?
　　A) illustrate B) exhibit C) damage D) identify
　　54. This rock has to be in order to build a road.
　　A) blasted B) explored C) splited D) cracked
　　55. He did not go to the party last night, which her feelings deeply.
　　A) wounded B) injured C) hurt D) injury
　　56. When they returned to the river, they found that the boat had away.
　　A) framed B) frosted C) frowned D) floated
　　57. If you need further information, please our office.
　　A) detach B) construct C) contact D) contain
　　58. The light is too for me to read. I can not stand any more.
　　A) bright B) ripe C) slim D) dim
　　59. The water from the tap and damaged all the books in my study.
　　A) sprayed B) puzzled C) inclined D) exported
　　60. He gave up his study in college in .
　　A) relief B) eager C) anxious D) despair
　　61. Several people the car accident.
　　A) witnessed B) viewed C) glimpsed D) glanced
　　62. He was sent to London on a special .
　　A) missing B) missile C) mission D) mistress
　　63. Our university has an international student exchange with the University of Wyoming in the United States.
　　A) procession B) provision C) profession D) program
　　64. three times in a row, the boxer decide to give up fighting.
　　A) Having defeated B) To have defeated
　　C) Having been defeated D) To have been defeated
　　65. As far as I see, this book has its own .
　　A) merit B) signal C) feature D) characteritic
　　66. This tree is too to be planted in this area.
　　A) tremendous B) slender C) mild D) tender
　　67. Professor Li his success to his mother.
　　A) owns B) ruins C) owes D) roars
　　68. The election for the State governor has begun this year.
　　A) campaign B) combat C) conflict D) battle
　　69. It took me a long time to the disappointment of losing the match..
　　A) get through B) get over C) get off D) get down
　　70. Anyone without illness can do this simple job.
　　A) mild B) mind C) mental D) mend
            
            

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　　Part IV Translation
　　Directions: The five sentences below are chosen from the Reading Comprehension. Translate these sentences into Chinese according to the texts.
　　1. In a society where people are quite similar in many ways, there are fewer occasions for people to see the need or the opportunity for change because everything seems to be the same.
　　2. This is one reason why change has not come more quickly to black Americans as compared to other American minorities, because of the sharp difference in appearance between them and their white counterparts.
　　3. They cannot move about or take shelter but must be equipped to endure whatever weather conditions are likely to occur.
　　4. As oil prices rise, the critics say, the oil companies will make more and more money - windfall profits - without doing a thing to earn the extra cash.
　　5. If consumers consider the quality of the insurance plans as well as the message in the ads, they will benefit from the advertising.
　　Part V Writing (30 minutes)
　　Directions: The following table shows the Candidates and Passers of the Post-graduate Entrance Examination in city X of China the past 5 years. Write a composition of about 120-150 words within 30 minutes.
　　Candidates and Passers of the Post-graduate Entrance Examination in city X
　　Year 2002 2003 2004 2005
　　Candidates 24000 25700 32000 42800
　　Passers 12700 13000 13400 14200
　　1．分析和说明图表。
　　2．解释图表反映的社会现象和原因。
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