2012年6月英语四级考前冲刺试卷及答案(7)

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        　　2012年6月英语四级考前冲刺试卷及答案(7)第2页：Part IIReading Comprehension
        　　Part IIReading Comprehension (Skimming and Scanning)(15 minutes)
        　　Directions: In this part, you will have 15 minutes to go over the passage quickly and answer the questions on Answer Sheet 1.
        　　For questions 1-7, choose the best answer from the four choices marked [A], [B], [ C] and [D ]. For questions 8-10, complete the sentences with the information given in the passage.
        　　Paper--More than Meets the Eye
        　　We are surrounded by so much paper and card that it is easy to forget just how complex it is. There are many varieties and grades of paper materials, and whilst it is fairly easy to spot the varieties, it is far more difficult to spot the grades.
        　　It needs to be understood that most paper and card is manufactured for a specific purpose, so that whilst the corn-flake packet may look smart, it is clearly not something destined for the archives. It is made to look good, but only needs a limited life span. It is also much cheaper to manufacture than high grade card.
        　　Paper can be made from an almost endless variety of cellulose-based material which will include many woods, cottons and grasses or which papyrus is an example and from where we get the word "paper". Many of these are very specialized, but the preponderance of paper making has been from soft wood and cotton or rags, with the bulk being wood-based.
        　　Paper from Wood
        　　In order to make wood into paper it needs to be broken down into fine strands. Firstly by powerful machinery and then boiled with strong alkalies such as caustic soda, until a fine pulp of cellulose fibers is produced. It is from this pulp that the final product is made, relying on the bonding together of the cellulose into layers. That, in a very small nutshell, is the essence
        　　of paper making from wood. However, the reality is rather more complicated. In order to give us our white paper and card, the makers will add bleach and other materials such as china clay and additional chemicals.
        　　A further problem with wood is that it contains a material that is not cellulose. Something called lignin. This is essential for the tree since it holds the cellulose fibres together, but if it is incorporated into the manufactured paper it presents archivists with a problem. Lignin eventually breaks down and releases acid products into the paper. This will weaken the bond between the cellulose fibers and the paper will become brittle and look rather brown and careworn. We have all seen this in old newspapers and cheap paperback books. It has been estimated that most paper back books will have a life of not greater than fifty years. Not what we need for our archives.
        　　Since the lignin can be removed from the paper pulp during manufacture, the obvious question is "why is it left in the paper?" The answer lies in the fact that lignin makes up a considerable part of the tree. By leaving the lignin in the pulp a papermaker can increase his paper yield from a tree to some 95%. Removing it means a yield of only 35%. It is clearly uneconomic to remove the lignin for many paper and card applications.
        　　It also means, of course, that lignin-free paper is going to be more expensive, but that is nevertheless what the archivist must look for in his supplies. There is no point whatsoever in carefully placing our valuable artifacts in paper or card that is going to hasten their demise. Acid is particularly harmful to photographic materials, causing them to fade and is some cases simply vanish!
        　　So, how do we tell a piece of suitable paper or card from one that is unsuitable? You cannot do it by simply looking, and rather disappointingly, you cannot always rely on the label. "Acid-free" might be true inasmuch as a test on the paper may
        　　indicate that it is a neutral material at this time. But lignin can take years before it starts the inevitable process of breaking down, and in the right conditions it will speed up enormously.
        　　Added to this, as I have indicated earlier, paper may also contain other materials added during manufacture such as bleach, china clay, chemical whiteners and size. This looks like a bleak picture, and it would be but for the fact that there are suppliers who will guarantee the material that they sell. If you want to be absolutely sure that you are storing in, or printing on,
        　　the correct material then this is probably the only way.
        　　Incidentally, acids can migrate from material to material. Lining old shoe boxes with good quality acid-free paper will do little to guard the contents. The acid will get there in the end.
        　　Paper from Rag
        　　Paper is also commonly made from cotton and rag waste. This has the advantage of being lignin-free, but because there is much less cotton and rag than trees, it also tends to be much more expensive than wood pulp paper. You will still need to
        　　purchase from a reliable source though, since even rag paper and card can contain undesirable additives.
        　　A reliable source for quality rag papers is a recognized art stockiest. Many water color artists insist on using only fine quality rag paper and board.
        　　The main lesson to learn from this information is that you cannot rely on purchasing archival materials from the high street. The only safe solution is to purchase from specialist suppliers. It may cost rather more, but in the end you will know that your important and valuable data and images have the best home possible.
        　　注意：此部分试题请在答题卡1上作答；8-10题在答题卡1上。
        　　1. The corn-flake packet is cheaper than __
        　　[A] high grade card
        　　[B] middle grade card
        　　[C] low grade card
        　　[D] any grade card
        　　2. There are a lot of materials which can be used for making paper, but the superiority ones are __
        　　[A] woods, cottons and grasses
        　　[B] soft wood and cotton
        　　[C] soft wood, cotton and rags
        　　[D] cottons and grasses
        　　3. During the whole manufacturing process, the final product is made from
        　　[A] strong alkalies
        　　[B] caustic soda
        　　[C] cellulose fibres
        　　[D] a pulp of cellulose fibres
        　　4. In order to make white paper and card, the makers will add __
        　　[A] albescent
        　　[B] bleach
        　　[C] escharotic
        　　[D] lysozyme
        　　5. is essential for the tree but it will make paper easy to break.
        　　[A] Acid
        　　[B] Alkali
        　　[C] Cellulose fibres
        　　[D] Liguin
        　　6. Many paper producers will preserve lignin during manufacture, because __
        　　[A] leaving the lignin will decrease his paper yield
        　　[B] leaving the lignin will make more paper from a tree
        　　[C] liguin is very useful in the process
        　　[D] lignin is essential for making paper
        　　7. __ is particularly harmful to photographic materials,
        　　[A] Liguin
        　　[B] Bleach
        　　[C] Acid
        　　[D] Chemical whiteners
        　　8. If the lignin is removed from the paper, the paper will be___________
        　　9. Although free of lignin, paper made from cotton and rag waste can also cost more money than wood pulp paper because___________
        　　10. What we can learn from "Paper from Rag" is that you had better buy archival materials___________
       
             

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        　　2012年6月英语四级考前冲刺试卷及答案(7)第3页：Part III Listening Comprehension
        　　Part III Listening Comprehension (35 minutes)
        　　Section A
        　　Directions: In this section, you will hear 8 short conversations and 2 long conversations. At the end of each conversation, one or more questions will be asked about what was said. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After each question there will be a pause. During the pause, you must rend the four choices marked [A], [B], [C]and [D], and decide which is the best answer. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.
        　　注意：此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。
        　　11.
        　　[A] 1016.
        　　[B] 1060.
        　　[C] 508.
        　　[D] 580.
        　　12. [A] Father and daughter.
        　　[B] Uncle and niece.
        　　[C] Aunt and nephew.
        　　[D] Cousins.
        　　13. [A] She wasn’t invited.
        　　[B] She wasn’t ready to come.
        　　[C] She altered her decision.
        　　[D] She forgot the invitation.
        　　14. [A] The door needs repairing.
        　　[B] He had lost all his keys.
        　　[C] He couldn’t open the door.
        　　[D] He wanted the woman to help him.
        　　15. [A] She’s rather happy to hear so.
        　　[B] She’s disappointed to hear so.
        　　[C] She’s unhappy to hear so.
        　　[D] She’s surprised to hear so.
        　　16. [A] He thought it was a good car.
        　　[B] He thought it was too noisy,
        　　[C] He thought there was something wrong with the car.
        　　[D] He didn’t like it.
        　　17. [A] In a car.
        　　[B] In a train,
        　　[C] In a ship.
        　　[D] In a plane.
        　　18. [A] She’ll go to the concert.
        　　[B] She’ll have a meeting.
        　　[C] She’ll watch her neighbor’s children.
        　　[D] She’ll visit her neighbor.
        　　Questions 19 to 22 are based on the conversation you have just heard.
        　　19. [A] The early history of bookbinding.
        　　[B] How old books become valuable.
        　　[C] Economical ways to protect old books.
        　　[D] Why some books decay.
        　　20. [A] They are often handled improperly by readers.
        　　[B] The paper is destroyed by chemicals.
        　　[C] The ink used in printing damages the paper.
        　　[D] The glue used in the binding loses its strength.
        　　21. [A] They are difficult to read.
        　　[B] They are slowly falling apart
        　　[C] They were not made from wood pulp.
        　　[D] They should be stored in a cold place.
        　　22. [A] Get some books for the man to look at.
        　　[B] Ask the man to look over her notes.
        　　[C] Continue her research in the library.
        　　[D] Find more information on how books are preserved.
        　　Questions 23 to 25 are based on the conversation you have just heard.
        　　23. [A] Which major the woman will be choosing.
        　　[B] An anthropology course the woman is taking,
        　　[C] How to find a job in publishing.
        　　[D] which anthropology professors the man recommends.
        　　24. [A] It is not as difficult as she had thought it wonld be.
        　　[B] She would like her professor to explain it more clearly.
        　　[C] She took a class on it last semester.
        　　[D] Her professor will write a book on it soon.
        　　25. [A] Her professor.
        　　[B] A classmate.
        　　[C] Her former boss.
        　　[D] A foreign diplomat.
        　　Section B
        　　Directions: In this section, you will hear 3 short passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear some questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked [A ], [ B ], [ C ]and [D]. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.
        　　注意：此部分试题请在答题卡2 E作答。
        　　Passage One
        　　Questions 26 to 28 are based on the passage you have just heard.
        　　26.
        　　[A] Because nobody knew his address.
        　　[B] Because nobody knew his age.
        　　[C] Because Penury’s private life was a secret.
        　　[D] Because Penury was still a bachelor at the age of forty-five.
        　　27.
        　　[A] He did not spend money freely.
        　　[B] He was always well-dressed.
        　　[C] He had a luxurious ear.
        　　[D] He worked hard for a living.
        　　28.
        　　[A] A photographer.
        　　[B] A burglar.
        　　[C] A reporter.
        　　[D] A professor.
        　　Passage Two
        　　Questions 29 to 32 are based on the passage you have just heard.
        　　29.
        　　[A] In 1809.
        　　[B] In 1863.
        　　[C] In 1865.
        　　[D] In 1860.
        　　30.
        　　[A] Four years.
        　　[B] Five years
        　　[C] Three years.
        　　[D] Six years.
        　　3l.
        　　[A] A soldier.
        　　[B] A thief.
        　　[C] A government officer.
        　　[D] An actor.
        　　32.
        　　[A] Because they didn’t like Lincoln being their President.
        　　[B] Because they wanted to set up their own government,
        　　[C] Because they disagreed with Lincoln on the abolishment of slavery.
        　　[D] Because they wanted to stage a war against Lincoln’s government.
        　　Passage Three
        　　Questions 33 to 35 are based on the passage you have just heard.
        　　33.
        　　[A] 10points.
        　　[B] 2 points.
        　　[C] 15 points.
        　　[D] points.
        　　34.
        　　[A] They will take one of the six major tests,
        　　[B] They will have to write a composition.
        　　[C] They will be given a pop test.
        　　[D] They will be required to read a short story in class.
        　　35.
        　　[A] An essay.
        　　[B] A magazine article,
        　　[C] A poem.
        　　[D] A short story.
        　　Section C
        　　Directions: In this section, you will heat" a passage three times. When the passage is read for the first time. you should listen carefully for its general idea. When the passage is read for the second time. you are required to fill in the blanks numbered.from 36 to 43 with the exact words you have just heard. For blanks numbered from 44 to 46 you are required to fill in the missing information. For these blanks, you can either use the exact words you have just heard or write down the main points in your own words. Finally. when the passage is read for the third time. you should check what you have written.
        　　注意：此部分试题在答题卡2上；请在答题卡2 上作答。
        　　Part Ill Section C
        　　Scientists have developed a new cancer drug. So far, they have tested it only on (36) __ animals. The drug is designed to (37) __ and kill cancer cells but not healthy cells.
        　　First, the drug enters the cancer and destroys the supply of blood. Then it releases (38)__ to destroy the cancer cells.
        　　Researchers at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology in Cambridge carried out the study. The (39) __ appeared in Nature ( 40 ) __. A school news release called the drug an "anti-cancer smart bomb".
        　　Ram Sasisekharan is a professor at M.I.T. He says his team had to (41) __ three problems. They had to find a way to destroy the blood vessels, then to (42) __ the growth of new ones. But they also needed the blood vessels to supply
        　　chemicals to destroy the cancer.
        　　So, the researchers designed a two-part "nanocell". The cell is (43) in nanometers, or one thousand millionth of a meter. (44)
        　　The scientists say it was small enough to pass through the blood vessels of the cancer, but it was too big to enter normal blood vessels. The surface of the nanocells also helped them to avoid natural defenses.(45)
        　　That cut off the blood supply and trapped the nanocell inside the cancer. Then, the nanocell slowly released chemotherapy drugs to kill the cancer cells.(46)
       
             

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        　　2012年6月英语四级考前冲刺试卷及答案(7)第4页：Part IV Reading Comprehension
        　　Part IV Reading Comprehension (Reading in Depth)(25 minutes)
        　　Section A
        　　Directions: In this section there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word fit each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank ~bllowing the passage. Read the passage through carefully before trucking your choices. Each
        　　choice in bank is identified by a letter. Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre. Y ou may not use any of the words in the bank more than once
        　　Questions 47 to 56 are based on the following passage.
        　　Men who bottle up their anger at being unfairly treated at work are up to five times more likely to 47 a heart attack, or even die from one, than those who let their 48 show a Swedish study has found.
        　　The study followed 2,755 employed men who had not suffered any heart attacks from 1992 to 2003. At the end of the study, 47 ~ 49 had either suffered an attack, or died from heart disease, and many of those had been found to be "covertly coping" with unfair _50_ at work, "After adjustment for age, socioeconomic factors, risk behaviors, job _51 and biological risk factors at baseline ( 基线 ), there was a close-response relationship between covert coping and the risk of incident myocardial infarction (心肌梗塞 ) or cardiac death," the study’s authors wrote. Covert coping was listed as "letting thing pass without saying anything" and "going
        　　away" _52_ feelings of being hard done by colleagues or bosses. Men who often used these coping techniques had a two to rivefold higher risk of developing heart disease than those who were more. _53_. at work, the study showed.
        　　The researchers said they could not answer the question of what might be a particularly healthy coping 54__ at work, but listed open coping behavior when 55__ unfair treatment or facing a56_ as "protesting directly," "talking to the person right away," "yelling at the person right away" or "speaking to the person later when things have calmed down."
        　　注意：此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。
        　　Section B
        　　Directions: There are 2 passages in this section Each passage is followed by’ some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked [A ], [B ], [C] and [D]. You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.
        　　Passage One
        　　Questions 57 to 61 are based on the following passage.
        　　I was introduced to the concept of literacy animator in Oladumi Arigbede’s (1994) article on high illiteracy rates among women and school dropout rates among girls. According to Arigbede, literacy animators view their role as assisting in the self-
        　　liberating development of people in the world who are struggling for a more meaningful life. Animators are a family of deeply concerned and committed people whose gut-level rejection of mass human pauperization (贫民) compels them to intervene
        　　on the side of the marginalized (使处于社会边缘 ). Their motivation is not derived from a love of literacy as merely another technical life skill, and they accept that literacy is never culturally or ideologically neutral.
        　　Arigbede writes from her experiences as an animator working with women and men in Nigeria. She believes that literacy animators have to make a clear choice about whose culture and whose ideology will be fostered among those with whom they work. Do literacy educators in the United States consider whether the instruction they pursue conflicts with their students’ traditional cultures or community, or fosters illiteracies in learners’ first or home languages or dialects and in their orality?
        　　Some approaches to literacy instruction represent an ideology of individualism, control, and competition. Consider, for example, the difference in values conveyed and represented when students engage in choral reading versus the practice of
        　　having one student read out loud to the group. To identify as a literacy animator is to choose the ideology of "sharing,
        　　solidarity, love, equity, co-operation with and respect of both nature and other human beings". Literacy pedagogy that matches the animator ideology works on maintaining the languages and cultures of millions of minority children who at present are being forced to accept the language and culture of the dominant group. It might lead to assessment that examines the performance outcomes of a community of literacy learners and the social significance of their uses of literacy, as opposed to measuring what an individual can do as a reader and writer on a standardized test. Shor ( 1993 ) describes literacy animators as problem-posing, community-based, dialogic educators. Do our teacher-education textbooks on reading and language arts promote the idea that teachers should explore problems from a community-based dialogic perspective?
        　　注意：此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。
        　　57. A literacy animator is one who ____
        　　[A] struggles for a more meaningful life
        　　[B] frees people from poverty and illiteracy
        　　[C] is committed to marginalize the illiterate
        　　[D] is concerned with what is behind illiteracy
        　　58. The author suggests that literacy educators in the US in a way __
        　　[A] promote students’ home languages
        　　[B] force students to accept their culture
        　　[C] teach nothing but reading and writing
        　　[D] consider literacy as of non-neutral nature
        　　59. Arigbede worked with Nigerians probably to
        　　[A] teach American customs and ideology
        　　[B] make a choice of culture to be fostered
        　　[C] reject the values of the dominant class
        　　[D] help maintain Nigerian language and culture
        　　60. Animator ideology emphasizes more __
        　　[A] the social function of literacy
        　　[B] students’ performance in tests
        　　[C] the dominant group’s language
        　　[D] the attainment of life skills
        　　61. It is implied by the author that, because of the kind of teacher education in the US, teachers there tend to ignore __
        　　[A] constant development of new teaching approaches
        　　[B] using their own wisdom in problem-solving
        　　[C] talented performances of minority students
        　　[D] community-based literacy enhancement
        　　Passage Two
        　　Questions 62 to 66 are based on the following passage.
        　　InfraGard is a grass-roots effort to respond to the need for cooperation and collaboration in countering the threat of cyber crime and terrorism to private businesses and the government. By the end of September, there will be InfraGard chapters in all 50 states, Calloway said. With advice from the FBI, each local chapter will be run by a board of directors that includes members of private industry, the academic community and public agencies. Banks, utilities, and other businesses and
        　　government agencies will use a secure Web site to share information about attempts to hack into their computer networks.
        　　Members can join the system free. A key feature of the system is a two-pronged method of reporting attacks.
        　　A "sanitized" description of a hacking attempt or other incident--one that doesn’t reveal the name or information about the victim--can be shared with the other members to spot trends. Then a more detailed description also can be sent to the FBI’s
        　　computer crimes unit to interfere if there are grounds for an investigation. Cyber crime has jumped in recent years across the nation, particularly in hotbeds of financial commerce and technology like Charlotte. "Ten years ago, all you needed to protect yourself was a safe, a fence and security officers," said Chris Swecker, who is in charge of the FBI’s Charlotte office. "Now any business with a modem is subject to attack." FBI agents investigate computer hacking that disrupted popular Web sites including Amazon. corn, CNN and Yahoo!
        　　Several North Carolina victims have been identified this year. The investigation has also identified computer systems in North Carolina used by hackers to commit such attacks. Prosecutions of hackers have been hampered by the reluctance of companies to report security intrusions for fear of bad publicity and lost business. Meanwhile, too many corporations have made it too easy for criminals by sacrificing security for speed and accessibility, Jack Wiles, who will lead the local InfraGard
        　　chapter’s board, said a recent report estimated 97 percent of all cyber crime goes undetected. Wiles, a computer security expert, has a firewall on his personal computer to prevent hackers from getting into his files. "I get at least one report a day that somebody was trying to get into my computer," he said, "the Net is a wonderful place, but it’s also a dangerous one."
        　　注意：此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。
        　　62. From the first paragraph, we know __
        　　[A] InfraGard is a protective measure against cyber crime
        　　[B] InfraGard is a measure of cooperation and collaboration
        　　[C] there will be 50 InfraGard chapters in all states
        　　[D] private business and the government are now committing cyber crime
        　　63. Each local chapter of InfraGard will be run by the following EXCEPT __
        　　[A] academic communities
        　　[B] public agencies
        　　[C] the FBI
        　　[D] private industry
        　　64. By saying "too many corporations...speed and accessibility" (Lines 3-4, Para. 3 ), the author means __
        　　[A] too many corporations take no notice of the security problem of computers
        　　[B] criminals are sacrificing security for speed and accessibility
        　　[C] it’s very easy to sacrifice security for speed and accessibility
        　　[D] many companies suffer from computer hacking because they value speed and accessibility more than security
        　　65. All the following are reasons for the rise in cyber crime EXCEPT __
        　　[A] victims won’t report intrusions by hackers
        　　[B] victims have no firewalls
        　　[C] the use of modem is increasing
        　　[D] companies don’t pay enough attention to security
        　　66. It can be concluded from the passage that __
        　　[A] not all hacking attempts are worthy of investigation
        　　[B] information of the victims is inaccessible
        　　[C] InfraGard chapters will be in effect by the end of September
        　　[D] Amazon.corn was often disrupted by hacking
       
             

enfour

        　　2012年6月英语四级考前冲刺试卷及答案(7)第5页：Part V Cloze
        　　Part V Cloze (15 minutes)
        　　Directions: There are 20 blanks in the following passage. For each blank there are four choices marked [A], [B], [C] and [D ] on the right side of the paper. You should choose the ONE that best fits into the passage. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.
        　　注意：此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。
        　　Every year more than half a million American kids have drainage (排泄 ) tubes surgically implanted in their ears to combat persistent infections. The procedure, known as tympanostomy, may not be as 67 as the tonsillectomy was in the 1940s, but it now 68 as the nation’s leading childhood 69 and a new study suggests it’s being vastly overused. In 70 more than 6,000 scheduled ear tube operations, a team of experts 71 by Harvard pediatrician Lawrence Kleinman found that fewer than half were clearly justified. "Each year", the researchers write in the
        　　current Journal of the American Medical Association (JAMA), "several hundred thousand children in the United States may be 72 tympanostomy tubes that offer them no demonstrated 73 ...and may place them at increased 74 ."
        　　Tube placement isn’t a 75 risky procedure, but it costs $1,000 to $1,500 and sometimes scars the eardrum, causing a partial loss of 76 . Studies show that the
        　　benefits are most likely to 77 the risks ifa child’s middle ear has produced sticky fluid 78 more than four months despite treatment 79 antibiotics. For less virulent infections, drug treatment is Usually a(n) 80 , safer alternative (though drugs, too, can be overused). In the new JAMA study, Kleinman’s team reviewed the medical charts of 6,429 kids, all under 16, 81 doctors had recommended the procedure. Even making "generous assumptions" about the likely 82 , the researchers found that a quarter of the proposed operations were 83 , since less invasive alternatives were available, 84 another third were as likely to harm the recipients as help them. Parents needn’t 85 about ear tubes that are already in place. Once 86 implanted, the tiny devices provide drainage for six months to a year, then come out by reducing health costs by hundreds of millions of dollars every year.
        　　67.
        　　[A] rare
        　　[B] common
        　　[C] general
        　　[D] abnormal
        　　68.
        　　[A] considers
        　　[B] altemates
        　　[C] ranges
        　　[D] ranks
        　　69.
        　　[A] operation
        　　[B] disease
        　　[C] condition
        　　[D] injection
        　　70.
        　　[A] finding
        　　[B] reviewing
        　　[C] amending
        　　[D] performing
        　　71.
        　　[A] controlled
        　　[B] conducted
        　　[C] legitimated
        　　[D] led
        　　72.
        　　[A] receiving
        　　[B] accepting
        　　[C] undertaking
        　　[D] initiating
        　　73.
        　　[A] disadvantage
        　　[B] agreement
        　　[C] advantage
        　　[D] hortcoming
        　　74.
        　　[A] bottom
        　　[B] risk
        　　[C] edge
        　　[D] extent
        　　75.
        　　[A] subtly
        　　[B] hopefully
        　　[C] merely
        　　[D] terribly
        　　76.
        　　[A] feeling
        　　[B] hearing
        　　[C] health
        　　[D] memory
        　　77.
        　　[A] outfit
        　　[B] outflow
        　　[C] outweigh
        　　[D] outgrow
        　　78.
        　　[A] for
        　　[B] on
        　　[C] in
        　　[D] to
        　　79.
        　　[A] by
        　　[B] upon
        　　[C] with
        　　[D] along
        　　80
        　　[A] expensive
        　　[B] faster
        　　[C] further
        　　[D] cheaper
        　　81.
        　　[A] which
        　　[B] whose
        　　[C] that
        　　[D] who
        　　82.
        　　[A] risks
        　　[B] dangers
        　　[C] chances
        　　[D] benefits
        　　83.
        　　[A] inappropriate
        　　[B] favorable
        　　[C] preferable
        　　[D] inadequate
        　　84.
        　　[A] where
        　　[B] when
        　　[C] whether
        　　[D] while
        　　85.
        　　[A] outrage
        　　[B] panic
        　　[C] complain
        　　[D] protest
        　　86.
        　　[A] lively
        　　[B] quickly
        　　[C] successfully
        　　[D] formally
       
             

enthree

        　　2012年6月英语四级考前冲刺试卷及答案(7)第6页：Part VI Translation
        　　Part VI Translation (5 minutes)
        　　Directions: Complete the sentences on Answer Sheet 2 by translating into English the Chinese given in brackets.
        　　注意：此部分试题在答题卡2上；请在答题卡2上作答。
        　　Part VI Translation (5 minutes)
        　　87．Only then________ (莫妮卡才意识到她有多爱她的丈夫)．
        　　88．________ (这份工作吸引我的地方)is the salary and the possibility of foreign travel．
        　　89．It is time that________ (我们为期末考试做准备)．
        　　90．If you had________(听了我的劝告，你就通过考试了)．
        　　91．What do you think of his suggestion that________ (我们应该把家搬到离父母近点儿的地方)?
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        　　作文指导：2012年英语四六级考前20天过关冲刺指导及训练汇总
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ensix

        　　2012年6月英语四级考前冲刺试卷及答案(7)第7页：作文答案
       

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enfive

        　　2012年6月英语四级考前冲刺试卷及答案(7)第8页：快速阅读答案
        　　Part Ⅱ Reading Comprehension (Skimming and Scanning)
        　　文章精要
        　　本文主要介绍了我们平常所见所用的纸的复杂性，通过介绍用木头和破布料造纸的过程，使我们对纸的类别、属性有了更深入的了解。
        　　1．A信息明示题。根据题干中的信息提示词corn—flake packet可定位到文章第二段，该部分最后提到corn-flake packet在制造过程中比高等级的纸(high grade card)便宜，故本题选A。
        　　2．C信息明示题。根据题干中的信息提示词superiority可定位到文章第三段最后一句，该句提到许多材料都适用于造纸，但最好的是软木、棉花和碎布料，故本题选C。
        　　3．D信息明示题。根据题干中的信息提示词the final product可定位到文章第一个标题的第一段，第二、三句提到最后的产品来源于纤维素纸浆，故本题选D。
        　　4．B信息明示题。根据题干中的信息提示词in order to和white paper可定位到文章第一个标题的第一段，该部分最后提到为了得到白纸，纸张生产者在制造过程中添加了漂白粉和其他化学物质，故本题选B。
        　　5．D信息明示题。根据题干中的信息提示词essential for the tree和make paper easy to break可定位到文章第一个标题的第二段，该部分提到木质素是木头的主要组成物，其作用是凝聚纤维素，但它会使纸张变得易碎，故本题选D。
        　　6．B信息明示题。根据题干中的信息提示词preserve lignin during manufacture可定位到文章第一个标题下的第三段，该部分最后提到许多纸张生产者在生产过程中会保留木质素，主要是因为它会增加树木的造纸产量，故本题选B。
        　　7．C信息明示题。根据题干中的信息提示词photographic materials可定位到文章第一个标题下的第四段，该部分最后提到酸对相纸的原料尤其不利，故本题选C。
        　　8．more expensive。信息明示题。根据题干中的信息提示词lignin和paper可定位到文章的第一个小标题下的第三段，因为该段提到，如果在纸张的生产中去除木质素，将会降低树木出产纸张的量，由此可以知道，去除了木质素的纸张价格必定会更加昂贵，由此可以得出答案。
        　　9．there is much less cotton and rag than trees。信息明示题。根据题干中的信息提示词cotton and rag waste可定位到文章的第二个小标题，该部分第一段告诉我们，尽管用棉花和破布料造的纸里没有木质素，但它们要比木制的纸贵很多，这是因为棉花和破布料的数量比树木少得多，由此可以得出答案。
        　　10．from specialist suppliers。信息明示题。根据题干中的信息提示词Paper from Ra9可定位到文章的最后一段，该部分提出最好到专业的供应商那里去买档案材料，由此可以得出答案。
       
             

enone

        　　2012年6月英语四级考前冲刺试卷及答案(7)第9页：听力答案
        　　Part Ⅲ Listening Comprehension
        　　Section A
        　　11．C综合推断题。女士说有1016名学生参加考试，但一半没有通过，由此推断，通过考试的学生人数是508人，所以C正确。这里要注意辨别数字1016(one thousand sixteen)，而不是1060(one thousand sixty)。
        　　12．D综合推断题。女士要找玛丽姑姑，男士回答说他妈妈不在，由此推断，两人应该是表亲，所以D正确。
        　　13．C信息明示题。女士说苏珊原本要来，但又改变主意了，所以C(她改变了决定)正确。
        　　*考点
        　　●change one’s mind意为“改变决定或意见”，如：Nothing will make me change my mind．任何事都不能使我改变主意。
        　　14．C信息明示题。女士问男士为什么站在外面不进去，男士回答说他试了所有的钥匙，就是打不开门，由此可知，C正确。本题的关键是弄清it指代的是the door。
        　　*考点
        　　●instead of在意为“代替”时与in place of同义；它还可后接动名词表示“而不”，如：Instead of going to the cinema，I’m going to the concert tomorrow．我明天去听音乐会，而不去看电影。
        　　15．A综合推断题。男士说女士看上去不到30岁，女士回答说：“真的吗?事实上我已经35岁了。”由此推断，35岁的女士在听到别人说她看起来不到30时，肯定会很高兴，所以A正确。
        　　16．A信息明示题。本题问的是女士的父亲对新车的态度，而女士前面所说的都是她姐姐(或妹妹)对新车的看法，所以本题的关键是女士的最后一句话：“我父亲认为这是一辆好车。”故选A。
        　　17．D综合推断题。女士说：“系好安全带，我们马上就要起飞了。”男士问：“你能告诉我怎么系吗?”由关键词take off(起飞)可知，对话发生在飞机上，所以D正确。
        　　*考点
        　　●fasten作及物动词时意为“系牢，钉牢”，也有“集中”之义，如：She fastened her gaze on the stranger．她把视线集中在陌生人身上。还可指“强加(绰号、罪名等)”，如：fasten the blame on the weather归咎于天气。
        　　18．C信息明示题。女士说：“邻居今晚要开会，我答应了要帮他们照看孩子。”由此可知，女士今晚要为邻居看孩子，所以C正确。baby-sit意为“担任临时保姆，照顾婴儿”。
        　　Conversation One
        　　19．D综合推断题。结合听力材料，特别是对话开头提到的old book...a lot of pages are turning brown and becoming brittle可以推断，对话谈论的是书的腐烂问题，所以D正确。
        　　20．B综合推断题。女士认为用木材制纸时要往里面加一些化学制品和酸性物质以让纸变白，而男士说最终腐蚀纸张的就是这些酸性物质，由常识可推断出这类酸性物质也应是化学制品，即男士认为书籍的腐烂是由化学制品造成的，故选B。
        　　21．C信息明示题。男士说books have been made from wood pulp only since the 1850s，即19世纪50年代以前的书不是由木浆做成的，所以C正确。
        　　22．C同义替换题。女士最后说的get back to my project与选项中continue her research同义，所以C正确。
        　　*考点
        　　●suppose意为“猜想”，尤指建立在推测性根据上的不确定的猜想，如：Scientists supposed that large dinosaurs lived in swamps．科学家们猜想大型恐龙栖居于沼泽地中。还可指“应该，允许”，如：We are not supposed to play football on Sundays．我们不应该在星期日踢足球。
        　　●make sense指“有意义，意思清楚，有道理”，如：What you say makes no sense．你的话没有道理。其他与sense相关的短语还有：make sense of sth．理解或弄清某事物；see sense明白事理，如：I hope she soon sees sense and stops fighting a battle she cannot win．我希望她能尽快明白过来，不要再打这场赢不了的仗了。
        　　Conversation Two
        　　23．B综合推断题。女士说自己正在上男士曾上过的格雷教授的人类学课程，两人接着谈论了各自对该课程的看法，还提到了女士为该课程要采访的对象，由此推断，对话主要是关于女士正在上的一门人类学课程的，故选B。
        　　24．A综合推断题。女士说一开始“人种学”这个词使她感到有些恐惧，因为那似乎非常专业，但当教授解释人类学家都做些什么时，她就不觉得那很吓人了，由此推断，人种学这一学科没有她想像的那么难，故选A。
        　　25．C信息明示题。男士问女士要采访谁，女士回答说她要先采访自己以前的老板——位出版社的女主管，故选C。
        　　*考点
        　　●start out意为“开始”，该短语还有“起程，动身”的含义，如：Wemust start out early．我们必须早些动身。与start相关的短语还有：start over重新开始；start(sb．)up(in sth．)(使某人)开始工作等，如：He started his daughter up in the trade．他让女儿从事贸易工作。
        　　Section B
        　　Passage One
        　　文章精要
        　　文章主要谈论了一个名叫Penury的夜贼。在作者看来，Penury是个非常神秘的人，人们不了解他，而且他的日常生活也让人觉得奇怪，后来作者才知道，原来Penury是一个夜贼。
        　　26．C信息明示题。文章第一段指出，he had a way of keeping his private life to himself in all but the unessential details，由此可知，作者之所以认为Penury是个神秘的人是因为所有人都不了解Penury的私生活，故选C。
        　　27．A信息明示题。文章第一段指出，he was not especially well dressed and he did not even have a car．排除B、C，并可以推断出，Penury是一个不随便花钱的人。该段还指出，It seemed that he did not have to work for a living as we did，排除D。
        　　28．B信息明示题。文章最后指出，he was the most accomplished burglar，由此可知Penury是个夜贼，所以B正确。
        　　Passage Two
        　　文章精要
        　　文章简要介绍了亚伯拉罕·林肯的生平事迹，尤其介绍了林肯对废除奴隶制度所做出的努力和贡献。
        　　29．D信息明示题。文章第三段指出，In 1860，Lincoln was elected President of the United Statest. 由此可知D正确。
        　　30．A信息明示题。文章第三段指出，Civil War, which lasted from 1861 to 1865，由此可知美国内战持续了四年，故选A。
        　　31．D信息明示题。文章第五段指出，Lincoln was shot by an actor named John Wilkes Booth．由此可知，林肯是被一名演员刺杀的，所以D正确。
        　　32．C综合推断题。文章第三段指出，This party opposed the creation of new slave states．由此可以推断，南部各州之所以要退出联盟是因为林肯所在的共和党反对奴隶制，所以C正确。
        　　Passage Three
        　　文章精要
        　　本文的主要内容是一位大学老师向学生介绍自己的写作课程以及这门课程对学生的要求。
        　　33．D信息明示题。文章指出，A misspelled word will cost you 5 points．由此可知D正确。
        　　34．B信息明示题。文章指出，学生在周五expect to write a short in-class theme，故选B。
        　　35．D信息明示题。文章指出，Your assignment for Wednesday is to read Hemingway’s short story．此可知D正确。
        　　Section C
        　　文章精要
        　　科学家发明了一种治疗癌症的新型药物，这种药物可以进入癌细胞并杀死癌细胞，同时对正常细胞没有损害。
        　　36．1aboratory37．invade38．poison39．results
        　　40．magazine 4 1．solve 42．prevent43．measured
        　　44．The particle used was two hundred nanometers-much，much smaller than a human hair．
        　　45．The scientists designed the cell as a balloon inside a balloon．They loaded the outer part with a drug that caused the
        　　blood vessels to fall in on themselves．
        　　46．The team says the treatment shrank the cancer and avoided healthy cells better than other treatments．
       
             

enfive

        　　2012年6月英语四级考前冲刺试卷及答案(7)第10页：深度阅读答案
        　　Part Ⅳ Reading Comprehension( Reading in Depth)
        　　Section A
        　　文章精要
        　　瑞典科学家研究发现，经常在工作中遭受到不公平待遇后忍气吞声的人，比那些经常发泄自己不满的人更容易患心脏病。此项研究还列举了面对不公平待遇时要采取的应对行为。
        　　47．1分析句子结构可知，不定式后面要用动词原形，选项中只有suffer和defend符合，suffer a heart attack意为“患心脏病”，符合题意，故选I。defend意为“防御，保护”，后面要接保护的对象，故排除。
        　　48．O分析句子结构可以判断空处需填名词。原句意为“瑞典科学家研究发现，经常在工作中遭受到不公平待遇后忍气吞声的人，比那些经常让自己的_______表现出来的人，更容易患心脏病”，由此可知，空处要填表示“挫折、失望、不满”等含义的词，frustration意为“挫败”，故选O。
        　　49．L分析句子结构，空处应填名词。原句意为“47个________或者患上了心脏病，或者死于心脏病，……”，显然此处是试验的结果，当然是试验参与者，故选L，participant意为“参与者”。
        　　50．J分析句子结构可知，空处应填名词。全文都在说工作中遭受的不公平待遇，此处unfair _______at work暗示了空处要填“待遇”含义的词，即treatment(待遇，对待)，故选J。
        　　51．G此空与job构成短语，故应填名词。结合选项只有strain可与job连用，意为“工作压力”，故选G。
        　　52．M分析句子结构，短语going away和feelings of being hard中间必须要有介词连接才符合语法逻辑。选项中despite是介词，意为“不管，不顾”，而regardless必须与of搭配才指“不管，不顾”，故选M。
        　　53．C分析句子结构可知，空处需填形容词。原句是要表达“那些采用这样技巧的人(指忍气吞声的人)比那些在工作中更——的人更容易患心脏病”，此处有diligent和confrontational两个形容词可供选择。抛开这个文章两个词都，但考虑到本文的中心思想(见文章精要)，本空应填confrontational，意为“对抗性的”，故选C。
        　　54．A分析句子结构，空处应填名词，与coping构成搭配，结合选项只有coping strategy可以搭配，意为“应对策略”，故选A。
        　　55．E分析句子结构，空处在when引导的时间状语从句中，故空处需要填动词进行时。其宾语是unfairtreatment，显然不能填enjoying，故选E。
        　　56．D冠词a后要填名词单数。or前后表达的意义应该相近，前面是experiencing unfairtreatment，结合选项，or后面应该是“面对冲突”，conflict意为“争执，冲突”，故选D。
        　　Section B
        　　Passage One
        　　文章精要
        　　Arigbede在一篇关于妇女文盲率和女孩高辍学率的文章中提出了识字倡导者的概念。美国的教育家应该考虑他们所从事的教育是否与学生的传统文化和社会所冲突，读写能力在文化上或意识形态上从来都不是中立的。作为一个识字倡导者，他们要选择的意识形态是：分享、团结、爱、公正、对自然和其他人的态度是合作并尊重。
        　　57．D综合推断题。文章第一段中谈到，Arigbede在一篇关于妇女文盲率和女孩高辍学率的文章中提出了识字倡导者的概念。选项A说的是识字倡导者为更有意义的生活而奋斗，根据第一段的介绍，识字倡导者认为自己的角色是帮助那些为寻求更有意义生活而奋斗的人们的自我解放，因此他们是帮助那些人，而不是自己在斗争，因此A是错误的。接下来作者描述，识字倡导者们是一群非常热心而且有责任心的人，他们内心抵触大规模人群的贫困，这使得他们站在了社会边缘的人群一边。他们的动机不是仅仅因为识字是一种生活技能而喜爱识字，他们所接受的识字，在文化上或意识形态上从来就不是中立的，可见D(关心识字背后的东西)正确。而B和C都是干扰项，与原文意思并不相符。
        　　58．B综合推断题。文章第二段指出，美国的教育家应该考虑他们所从事的教育是否与学生的传统文化和社会所冲突，还是为了培养学习者在他们的母语和口语方面的文盲。因此B是正确的，鼓励他们接受自己的文化。A项(发展学生的方言)，作者并没有提出这样的建议。D项在文章第一段的最后有提及，他们从来都不认为读写能力在文化上或意识形态上是中立的，但这是所有文化倡导者所认为的观点，并不是作者给美国的文化教育家的建议。选项c(除了读和写其他什么都不教)文中也没有这样的说法。
        　　59．D综合推断题。文章在第一段最后和第二段指出，读写能力在文化上或意识形态上从来都不是中立的。根据Arigbede在尼日利亚工作的经验，她认为，识字倡导者必须对他们所工作对象的文化和意识形态有’清楚的认识。因此可以推断，他们的工作是帮助保存尼日利亚的语言和文化，因此选D。A项(教美国的习俗和意识)，显然是错误的。B项(选择一种文化进行推进)也是错误的。C项(拒绝统治阶级的价值观)也是错误的。
        　　60．A综合推断题。根据最后一段，作为一个识字倡导者，他们要选择的意识形态是：分享、团结、爱、公正、对自然和其他人的态度是合作并尊重。识字教学十分符合倡导者的观点，他们致力于维护成千上万的少数民族儿童的语言和文化，虽然目前这些儿童正被迫接受着大众群体的语言和文化。在评价上，也主要测定的是整个社区学习者的成绩，以及他们识字的社会重要性，反对通过标准化的考试来测定每个个人的读写能力。可见识字倡导者的观点是更侧重于识字的社会功能，因此选A。B和C正好与文章所倡导的相反。而D项，在文章第一段的最后有提到，他们的动力并不是来源于因为识字是一种生活技能而热爱它，因此D也可以排除。
        　　61．D综合推断题。文章的最后一句提到，老师们应该从基于社区的、采用对话的方式来探索问题。因此选D，教师们容易忽视增强基于社区的识字能力。
        　　Passage Two
        　　文章精要
        　　网络之中隐藏着危险，因为如今网络犯罪越来越多，越来越频繁。文章介绍了反网络攻击和犯罪的InfraGard系统，还简单提到了网络犯罪率上升的原因。
        　　62．A信息明示题。由文章第一段首句可知，InfraGard是一个反网络犯罪的系统，所以A正确。
        　　63．C信息明示题。由文章第一段第三句With advice from the FBl可知，FBI只是充当顾问，并无经营权，故选C。
        　　64．D语义题。被考查句原意为“很多公司为了保证网络的速度和可接入性而不顾及网络安全，这让网络犯罪变得非常容易。”言外之意是很多公司更重视网络速度和可接人性，从而遭到了电脑黑客的攻击，所以D正确。
        　　65．B综合推断题。虽然文章提到了firewall(防火墙)，但并没有说公司不使用防火墙是网络犯罪率升高的原
        　　因，故选B。而文章第三段第三句(A项)，第二段倒数第二句(C项)和第三段第四句(D项)则分别说明了网络犯罪率上升的原因。
        　　66．A综合推断题。文章第二段第二句指出，黑客攻击的详情会被送到FBI的电脑犯罪科，以确定是否需要对其深究，由此推断，并不是所有的黑客攻击都值得调查，所以A正确。