2011年12月英语四级模拟训练及答案（六）

英语自学网 · 发表于 2016-7-11 20:18:16

　　Part I Writing (30 minutes)
　　Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition on the topic: Styles of Living. You should write at least 120 words following the outline given below in Chinese:
　　1. 有些人愿意和父母居住在一起
　　2. 有些人想自己独立居住
　　3. 我的看法
　　Styles of Living
　　Part II Reading Comprehension (Skimming and Scanning) (15 minutes)
　　Directions: In this part, you will have 15 minutes to go over the passage quickly and answer the questions on Answer Sheet 1. For questions 1-7, mark
　　Y (for YES) if the statement agrees with the information given in the passage;
　　N (for NO) if the statement contradicts the information given in the passage;
　　NG (for NOT GIVEN) if the information is not given in the passage.
　　How Ice Cream Works
　　The U.S. ice cream industry sells about a million gallons of ice cream each year, dispensing cones, gallons, pints, sundaes and other desserts through grocery stores and ice cream shops. In fact, eight percent of all the milk produced in the U.S. ends up in a frozen dairy product.
　　Ice Cream or Frozen Dessert?
　　Not just any frozen treat can be called ice cream. In fact, the U.S. Department of Agriculture has specific rules that define what can and can't be labeled "ice cream". To bear the "Meets USDA Ingredient Standard for Ice Cream" stamp, it has to contain at least 10 percent milk fat, and a minimum of six percent non-fat milk solids. A gallon has to weigh at least 4.5 pounds.
　　The range of milk fat (sometimes referred to as butter fat) used in ice cream can go from the minimum 10 percent to a maximum of about 16 percent. Most premium ice creams use 14 percent milk fat. Higher fat content leads to better, richer taste and a creamier texture. Ice cream makers don't go higher than 16 percent because it would be costly and very high in calories. An ice cream with this much milk fat would also taste so rich that people would probably eat it in smaller amounts, which would be bad news for people who sell ice cream for a living.
　　Other frozen desserts, such as sorbets (果汁冰糕), low-fat ice cream, and frozen yogurt, are not technically ice cream at all. Frozen custard is ice cream that has at least 1.4 percent egg yolk solids, and "soft serve" can be any frozen milkbased dessert that has not gone through the hardening process—more on that later.
　　In terms of specific ingredients, the recipe for ice cream is simple. But in scientific terms, it's complicated stuff. Ice cream is a colloid, a type of emulsion(乳状液). An emulsion is a combination of two substances that don't normally mix together. Instead, one of the substances is dispersed throughout the other. In ice cream, molecules of fat are suspended in a water-sugar-ice structure along with air bubbles. The presence of air means that ice cream is also technically a foam.
　　In addition to milk fat, non-fat milk solids, sugar, and air, ice cream also contains stabilizers and emulsifiers. Stabilizers help hold the air bubble structure together and give the ice cream a better texture. Although gelatin(凝胶) was originally used as a stabilizer, xanthan gum, guar gum, and other compounds are used today. Emulsifiers keep the ice cream smooth and aid the distribution of the fat molecules throughout the colloid. Egg yolks were once used, but ice cream manufacturers now tend to use other chemical compounds. These stabilizers and emulsifiers make up a very small proportion (less than one percent) of the ice cream.
　　Making Ice Cream
　　Whether it's being made in your kitchen with a hand crank, at a local homemade ice cream shop with a stand-alone ice cream maker, or in a factory that cranks out thousands of gallons of ice cream every day, the process of making ice cream is basically the same. The only difference is the scale of the operation.
　　First, you need ice cream mix. You can buy commercially made ice cream mix that is set to a certain milk fat content. Ice cream factories usually make their own mix by combining milk, cream and sugar in a 3,000 gallon vat, with the proportions and mixing controlled by computers. The mix is then pasteurized(用巴氏法灭菌), or heated, to kill any harmful bacteria. If you were to make your own mix at home, you could pasteurize it by cooking it in a double boiler, or use an egg substitute or pasteurized egg product. This step is important because otherwise people who eat your homemade ice cream could get sick due to salmonella contamination. According to the Centers for Disease Control, those most at risk include the elderly, very young children, and people with compromised immune systems.
　　The next step in production is adding flavor to the mix. There are thousands of varieties of ice cream, so just about any combination of flavors is possible. From vanilla to cinnamon, chocolate to triple chocolate fudge brownie, it all gets blended into the ice cream mix. In a factory, this step takes place in vats that hold hundreds of gallons of ice cream, while giant steel paddles do the mixing. In your kitchen, a large bowl and a food mixer will work, or even a wooden spoon and muscle power if you want some exercise. Solid chunks such as pieces of fruit, chocolate chunks, marshmallows, and candy are added later.
　　The next step is where and ice cream making machine comes into play. The mix has to be simultaneously frozen and whipped. In a factory, this happens in a giant tube surrounded by pipes. The pipes contain chemicals such as ammonia that freeze the tube, but the ammonia never comes into contact with the ice cream. The ice cream mix is pumped through the tube, where it gets cold very quickly. A dasher, or blade, turns inside the tube. This whips the mixture, introducing the air bubbles that help give ice cream its structure. The dasher also scrapes the sides of the tube, clearing off ice crystals that form there. This prevents large ice crystals from ruining the flavor and texture of the ice cream. All the elements of this process are carefully monitored and controlled by computers. Most homemade ice cream shops use a batch freezer for this step, where the same process happens on a smaller scale.
　　This step can be accomplished at home with a rock salt/ice mixture for freezing and a hand or electric cranked dasher to mix and scrape off the ice crystals.
　　Once the ice cream has come out of the ice cream maker, the process isn't finished. At this point, the mixture is frozen, but still soft. Large chunks of candy and other goodies are now added. Then the ice cream is placed into containers. Factory machines pour it straight into cartons or buckets, or it can be extruded(挤压出)into shapes that have wooden sticks placed into them for individual treats.
　　Now the ice cream needs to be reduced to a very low temperature, zero degrees Fahrenheit or below. Factories make it even colder since they need the ice cream to stay frozen while it is packaged and loaded onto trucks. It needs to be very cold to freeze the ice cream quickly and prevent the formation of large ice crystals. This process is known as hardening. "Soft-serve" is often simply ice cream that has not gone through this process.
　　We'll learn about the ice cream industry in the next section.
　　Ice Cream Industry
　　In 1999, retail sales of ice cream in the U.S., the worldwide leader in ice cream production, topped $4 billion. In 2002, more that $20 billion was spent on frozen desserts. The leading states in ice cream consumption are California, Indiana, Pennsylvania, Texas and New York . Americans ate an average of 21.5 quarts of ice cream per person in 2004.
　　With that much money to be made, the ice cream industry can be secretive and underhanded(秘密的). Deborah Hanny, owner of Sweet Jenny's Ice cream in Williamsville, NY, protects her recipes carefully. Her shop has been photographed by men in suits and she once caught someone in he upstairs office hurriedly trying to copy down her recipes.
　　Ice cream making secrets are seldom passed down from generation to generation these days. So where do people in the ice cream industry learn their craft? At ice cream school. Pennsylvania State University offers a week-long "Ice Cream Short Course" intended for industry professionals. The course teaches the science and technology used to make ice cream. The also offer Ice Cream 101 for ice cream hobbyists who just want to learn more about their favorite frozen treat. The University of Guelph, Ontario's Dairy Science and Technology school, also has a long history of teaching ice cream science.
　　1. Eight percent of all the milk produced in the U.S. ends up in a frozen dairy product.
　　2. Any frozen treat can be called ice cream.
　　3. In addition to milk fat, non-fat milk solids, sugar, and air, ice cream also contains stabilizers and emulsifiers.
　　4. The process of making ice cream at home is different from that in a factory.
　　5. Once the ice cream has come out of the ice cream maker, the process is finished.
　　6. Ice cream making secrets are passed down from generation to generation these days.
　　7. Many universities in U.S.A. offer courses of ice cream science.
　　8. The range of milk fat used in ice cream can go ________.
　　9. In 1999, retail sales of ice cream in the U.S. topped ________.
　　10. With that much money to be made, the ice cream industry can be ________.

entwo · 发表于 2016-7-11 21:21:42

　　Part III Listening Comprehension (35 minutes)
　　Section A
　　Directions: In this section, you will hear 8 short conversations and 2 long conversations. At the end of each conversation, one or more questions will be asked about what was said. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After each question there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the four choices marked [A], [B], [C]and [D], and decide which is the best answer. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.
　　11. [A] The class thought the demonstration was too complex.
　　[B] Too many students showed up.
　　[C] The professor didn't show up.
　　[D] The professor cancelled it.
　　12. [A] Because nine is an odd number.
　　[B] Because the elevator got stuck.
　　[C] Because the elevator is too old.
　　[D] Because there are too many people in the elevator.
　　13. [A] The rain has stopped.
　　[B] She wants to soak her clothes.
　　[C] She is looking for her clothes.
　　[D] It's raining heavily.
　　14. [A] She goes home for lunch.
　　[B] She spends her time shopping.
　　[C] She gets interested in what she is reading.
　　[D] She doesn't wake up in time.
　　15. [A] To buy some potatoes.
　　[B] To pass him some potatoes.
　　[C] To have some potatoes.
　　[D] to help him cook some potatoes.
　　16. [A] It involved a few lunches.
　　[B] There were free lunches.
　　[C] There were three lunches.
　　[D] There were more than free lunches.
　　17. [A] He decided to continue his project.
　　[B] He was unable to get sufficient money.
　　[C] Lack of land prevented his success.
　　[D] He was successful with his project.
　　18. [A] Painting the room white.
　　[B] Buying white furniture.
　　[C] Waiting the man to decide.
　　[D] Asking Mr. White for advice.
　　Questions 19 to 22 are based on the conversation you have just heard.
　　19. [A] In the student recreation center.
　　[B] In the campus dining hall.
　　[C] In the university bookstore.
　　[D] In a classroom.
　　20. [A] Studying.
　　[B] Preparing snacks.
　　[C] Playing cards.
　　[D] Learning how to play bridge.
　　21. [A] Miss her card game.
　　[B] Stay up too late.
　　[C] Take too heavy a work load next semester.
　　[D] Neglect her studies to play bridge.
　　22. [A] He already knows how to play.
　　[B] He doesn't like to play games.
　　[C] He doesn't have a partner.
　　[D] He doesn't have enough free time.
　　Questions 23 to 25 are based on the conversation you have just heard.
　　23. [A] The effect of the atmosphere on rainfall.
　　[B] How conditions on earth support life.
　　[C] How water originated on earth.
　　[D] A new estimate of the age of earth.
　　24. [A] The surface of the ocean is expanding.
　　[B] Volcanic activity is increasing.
　　[C] The surface of earth contains tons of cosmic dust.
　　[D] Thousands of comets are colliding with earth's atmosphere.
　　25. [A] They are found under the oceans.
　　[B] They were most active when earth was first formed.
　　[C] Their emissions created earth's atmosphere.
　　[D] Their fumes are mostly water in the state of a gas.
　　Section B
　　Directions: In this section, you will hear 3 short passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear some questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked [A], [B], [C]and [D]. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer sheet 2 with a single line through the center.
　　Passage One
　　Questions 26 to 28 are based on the passage you have just heard.
　　26. [A] He was trained as an electronics engineer.
　　[B] He was trained as a mechanical engineer.
　　[C] He was trained as a communication engineer.
　　[D] He was trained as a nuclear engineer.
　　27. [A] Fishing and hunting.
　　[B] He began to show great interest in natural beauty.
　　[C] Nuclear science.
　　[D] Amateur radio.
　　28. [A] An old friend of his.
　　[B] His elder brother.
　　[C] His younger brother.
　　[D] his younger son.
　　Passage Two
　　Questions 29 to 31 are based on the passage you have just heard.
　　29. [A] The Bachelor's degree.
　　[B] The Associate degree.
　　[C] The Master's degree.
　　[D] The Doctor's degree.
　　30. [A] A technical associate degree.
　　[B] A degree which is designed for transfer.
　　[C] A bachelor's degree.
　　[D] The last degree one can ever hope to attain.
　　31. [A] 120 quarter hours.
　　[B] 95 quarter hours.
　　[C] 120 credit hours.
　　[D] 72 credit hours.
　　Passage Three
　　Questions 32 to 35 are based on the passage you have just heard.
　　32. [A] In 1848.
　　[B] In 1846.
　　[C] In 1884.
　　[D] In 1849.
　　33. [A] 8,000 people.
　　[B] 10,000 people.
　　[C] 80,000 people.
　　[D] 100,000 people.
　　34. [A] From the western United States.
　　[B] From all parts of the country.
　　[C] From only the east coast of the American Continent.
　　[D] From San Francisco Bay.
　　35. [A] Because many settlements were abandoned.
　　[B] Because there were many gold-hungry sailors.
　　[C] Because private gold could not be protected by law.
　　[D] Because everybody raced for California.

enone · 发表于 2016-7-11 21:52:14

　　Section C
　　Directions: In this section, you will hear a passage three times. When the passage is read for the first time, you should listen carefully for its general idea. When the passage is read for the second time, you are required to fill in the blanks numbered from 36 to 43 with the exact words you have just heard. For blanks numbered from 44 to 46 you are required to fill in the missing information. For these blank, you can either use the exact words you have just heard or write down the main points in your own words. Finally, when the passage is read for the third time, you should check what you have written.
　　Mark Twain, who wrote the story we're going to read, traveled quite a lot often because circumstamces, usually (36) ________ circumstances, forced him to He was born in Florida, Missouri in 1835 and moved to Hannibal, Missouri with his family when he was about 4 years old. Most people think he was born in Hannibal but that isn't true. After his father died when he was about 12, Twain worked in Hannibal for a while and then left, so he could (37) ________ more money. He worked for a while as a typesetter on (38) ________ newspapers and then got a job as a river (39) ________ on the Mississippi. Twain loved this job and many of his books show it. The river job didn't last, however, because of the (40) ________ of the Civil War. Twain, was in the (41) ________ Army for just 2 weeks and then he and his whole (42) ________ went west to get away from the war and the army. In Nevada and California Twain (43) ________ for silver and gold without much luck, but did succeed as a writer. (44) _________________________________________________________________. (45) ________________________________________________________________________. (46) __________________________________________________________________________.
　　Part IV Reading Comprehension (Reading in Depth) (25 minutes)
　　Section A
　　Directions: In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read the passage through carefully before making your choices. Each choice in bank is identified by a letter. Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the center. You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once.
　　Questions 47 to 56 are based on the following passage.
　　Perhaps like most Americans you have some extra pounds to 47 . You may even have tried a fad diet or two, but found yourself right back where you started. The key to weight loss is regular 48 activity. And surprisingly, you don't have to give up eating or make the gym your second home to see long-term, 49 effects.
　　You body needs a certain amount of energy to maintain basic 50 such as breathing, blood circulation and digestion. The energy required to keep your organs functioning is referred to as the resting or basal metabolic rate.
　　Any time you are active, 51 energy is required. It is obtained from glycogen and fat stored in the blood, liver, and muscles. The key to losing weight is to draw on the fat rather than on the carbohydrate reserves.
　　Which of the two energy sources you use depends on the intensity and 52 of your activity. The higher the intensity, the more your body will pull from the stored carbohydrates. The lower the intensity, the more your body will 53 on fat as its fuel.
　　Aerobic exercise is most 54 for weight loss. When you perform aerobic activities you 55 contract large muscle groups such as your legs and arms. Walking, running, rollerblading, swimming, dancing, and jumping jacks are all forms of aerobic activity.
　　Surprisingly, if your aerobic activity is low to moderately intense and of long duration, you will burn more fat than if you had 56 in a short burst of high-intensity exercise. In short, a brisk 30-minute walk will burn fat while a 100-yard sprint will burn glycogen.
　　[A] positive
　　[B] additional
　　[C] duration
　　[D] effective
　　[E] shed
　　[F] physical
　　[G] food
　　[H] functions
　　[I] participated
　　[J] rely
　　[K] cut
　　[L] repeatedly
　　[M] uses
　　[N] little
　　[O] obvious
　　Section B
　　Directions: There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statement. For each of them there are four choices marked [A], [B], [C]and [D]. You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the center.
　　Passage One
　　Questions 57 to 61 are based on the following passage.
　　There are many ways of defining success. It is accurate to say that each of us has our own concept of success to the extent that each of us is responsible for setting our own goals and determining whether we have met these goals satisfactorily. Because each of us possesses unique differences in genetic ability and favorable environments in which to express these abilities, it is necessarily true that we must define success broadly.
　　For some people, simply being able to live their life with a minimum of misery and suffering is considered a success. Think of the peace of mind of the poor shepherd who tends his sheep, enjoys his frugal life with his family in the beauty of nature, and who is respected because he does a good job of achieving the goals expected of and accepted by his and his society. On the other hand, it seems that even though some people appear to be rich in material possessions, many of them seem to be miserable and consider themselves unsuccessful when judged by their own standards of success. Because not all ventures can be successful, one should not set unrealistic goals for achieving success, but if one has self-confidence it would be unfortunate to set one's goals at too low a level of achievement.
　　A wise counselor once said to a young man who was experiencing frustration with his own professional success: "You do not have to set your goal to reach the moon in order to have success in traveling. Sometimes one can be very successful merely by taking a walk in the park or riding the subway downtown," The counselor added, " You have not really failed and spoiled your chances for success until you have been unsuccessful at something you really like, and to which you have given you best effort."
　　57. In the first paragraph, the author implies that ________ are essential in achieving success.
　　[A] ability and goals [C] ability and environment
　　[B] goals and determination [D] goals and environment
　　58. The word "frugal" (Line 2, Para. 2) means ________.
　　[A] wealthy [C] thrifty
　　[B] wasteful [D] miserable
　　59. Some rich people consider themselves unsuccessful because ________.
　　[A] their life is miserable [C] their goals are too low
　　[B] they do not live in peace [D] they are not rich enough by their own standards.
　　60. The last paragraph implies that ________.
　　[A] we should have high goals [C] success means taking a walk in the park
　　[B] success means achieving great goals [D] success means trying one's best at what one　really likes
　　61. This passage mainly talks about ________.
　　[A] the definition of success [C] how to set goals
　　[B] how to achieve success [D] the importance of goals

enone · 发表于 2016-7-11 22:20:55

　　Passage Two
　　Questions 62 to 66 are based in the following passage.
　　When Mike Kelly first set out to build his own private space-ferry service, he figures his bread-and-butter business would be lofting satellite into high earth orbit. Now he thinks he may have figured wrong. "People were always asking me when they could go," says Kelly, who runs Kelly Space Technology, "I realized the real market is in space tourism."
　　According to preliminary market surveys, there are 10,000 would-be space tourists willing to spend $1 million each to visit the final frontier. Space Adventures in Arlington have taken more than 130 deposits for a two-hour, $98,000 space tour tentatively set to occur by 2005. This may sound great, but there are a few hurdles. Putting a simple satellite into orbit—with no oxygen, life support or return trip necessary—already costs and astronomical $2,200/kg. And that doesn't include the cost of insuring rich and possibly litigious(爱打官司的)passengers. The entire group of entrepreneurs trying to corner the spacetourism market has between them "just enough money to blow up one rocket".
　　The U.S. space agency has plenty of money but zero interest in making space less expensive for the little guys. So the little guys are racing to do what the government has failed to do: design a reusable launch system that's inexpensive, safe and reliable. Kelly Space's prototype looks like a plane that has sprouted rocket engines. Rotary Rocket in California has a booster with rotors to make a helicopter-style return to earth. The first passenger countdowns are still years away, but bureaucrats at the Federal Aviation Administration in Washington are already informally discussing flight regulations. After all, you can't be too prepared for a trip to that galaxy far, far away.
　　62. Which of the following is the best title for the passage?
　　[A] Take Vacations in Space [C] Flight Regulations in Space Travels
　　[B] Building Hotels in Space [D] Cost of Space Traveling
　　63. The phrase "bread-and-butter business" (Line 1, Pare.1) most probably means ________.
　　[A] a business to sell bread and butter [C] the business to make a living
　　[B] a business to produce bread and butter [D] a traveling agency
　　64. How much is the 2-hour space tour for each person according to Space Adventures in Arlington?
　　[A] $1 million. [B] $10,000. [C] $98,000 [D] $22,000
　　65. Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?
　　[A] The biggest hurdle for the space-tourism project is lack of a life supporting system.
　　[B] The entrepreneurs trying to explore the space-tourism have plenty of money.
　　[C] The government has little interests in this project.
　　[D] The first passenger countdowns are within a few years.
　　66. What's the author's tone in the last sentence of the passage?
　　[A] Objective. [C] Approving.
　　[B] Ironical. [D] Enthusiastic.
　　Part V Cloze (15 minutes)
　　Directions: There are 20 blanks in the following passage. For each blank there are four choices marked [A],[B],[C]and [D] on the right side of the paper. You should choose the ONE that best fits into the passage. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the center.
　　Reading involves looking at graphic symbols and formulating mentally the sounds and ideas they represent. Concepts of reading have changed 67 over the centuries. During the 1950s especially, increased attention has been devoted to 68 and describing the reading process. 69 specialists agree that reading 70 a complex organization of higher mental 71 , they disagree 72 the exact nature of the process. Some experts, who regard language primarily as a code using symbols to represent sounds, 73 reading as simply the decoding of symbols to the sounds they stand 74 .
　　These authorities 75 that meaning, being concerned with thinking, must be taught independently of the decoding process. Others maintain that reading is 76 related to thinking, and that a child who pronounces sounds without 77 their meaning is not truly reading. The reader, 78 to some, is not just a person with a theoretical ability to read but one who 79 reads.
　　Many adults, although they have the ability to read, have never read a book in its 80 . By some experts they would not be 81 as readers. Clearly, the philosophy, objectives, methods and materials of reading will depend on the definition one uses. By the most 82 and satisfactory definition, reading is the ability to 83 the soundsymbols' code of the language, to interpret meaning for various 84 , at various rates, and at various levels of difficulty, and to do 85 widely and enthusiastically. 86 short, reading is the interpretation of ideas through the use of symbols representing sounds and ideas.
　　67. [A] substantively [B] substantially [C] substitutively [D] subjectively
　　68. [A] distributing [B] promoting [C] defining [D] reporting0
　　69. [A] Although [B] If [C] Unless [D] Until
　　70. [A] involves [B] takes [C] reveals [D] invites
　　71. [A] opinions [B] effects [C] manners [D] functions
　　72. [A] of [B] about [C] for [D] into
　　73. [A] view [B] look [C] reassure [D] agree
　　74. [A] by [B] to [C] off [D] for
　　75. [A] content [B] contend [C] contempt [D] contact
　　76. [A] inexplicably [B] inexpressibly [C] inextricably [D] inexpediently
　　77. [A] interpreting [B] telling [C] explaining [D] reading
　　78. [A] like [B] for [C] according [D] as
　　79. [A] totally [B] usually [C] mainly [D] actually
　　80. [A] part [B] entirety [C] chapter [D] section
　　81. [A] claimed [B] said [C] classified [D] graded
　　82. [A] inclusive [B] inclinable [C] conclusive [D] complicated
　　83. [A] break [B] elaborate [C] define [D] unlock
　　84. [A] purposes [B] degrees [C] stages [D] steps
　　85. [A] such [B] so as [C] so [D] such as
　　86. [A] By [B] In [C] On [D] To
　　Part VI Translation (5 minutes)
　　Directions: Complete the sentences on Answer Sheet 2 by translating into English the Chinese given in brackets.
　　87. The circulation figures have risen ________________________ (自从我们在头版上采用了彩色照片后).
　　88. I believe in the theory that ________________________(高等动物是由低等动物发展而来的).
　　89. _______________________(我要点一份煎蛋和熏肉), and my colleague will have two eggs on toast.
　　90. Children love soft drinks, ________________________(因为它味道很甜而且有多种口味).
　　91. ________________________(科学家们将会提出)new methods of increasing the world's food supply.

enthree · 发表于 2016-7-11 23:08:43

　　2010年12月英语四级考试模拟试题答案详解
　　Part I Writing
　　Styles of Living
　　Some people enjoy living together with their parents after the have grown up. They think that by living with parents they can take better care of their parents and vice versa. Meanwhile, they can turn to their parents for help if they get into trouble or have some difficulties. To them, life in a big family seems to be more enjoyable than that in a small one.
　　Others, however, prefer living separately. They cherish the idea of being independent, and wish to have a place of their own. Besides, they don't want to be overprotected by their parents, but long for the opportunities to face the society by themselves.
　　As for me, I like an independent life style. Different generations have different life styles and values. What one generation likes may not be another generation's fondness. In order to avoid conflicts, the best way is to live separately. In addition, by leading an independent life, I can develop my own ability to deal with the difficulties in my life. So I want to live by myself.
　　Part II Reading Comprehension (Skimming and Scanning)
　　1. Y 根据题干中的信息词eight percent，在通读全文时注意百分比数字的信息。答案在第一段末句，可知题干表述正确。
　　2. N 根据题干中的信息词frozen treat和ice cream，可知答案在标题Ice Cream or Frozen Dessert? 下，定位发现题干信息与首段首句意思相反，故表述错误。
　　3. Y 题干信息是关于ice cream 的成分的。查看文章的三个标题，推知答案最可能在Ice Cream or Frozen Dessert下。用题干信息词stabilizers和emulsifiers定位原文，答案在该标题下末段首句，可知题干表述正确。
　　4. N 根据题干中的信息词making ice cream 可知答案在同名标题下。其下首段首句就提到在kitchen 或在ice cream shop或在factory制作ice cream ，程序都基本相同，可知题干表述错误。
　　5. N 根据题干中的信息词ice cream maker可知答案在Making Ice Cream下。通读其下每段首句了解基本步骤，发现题干信息与第六段首句矛盾，故题干表述错误。
　　6. N 题干所讲信息并未涉及具体制作过程，推断答案在Ice Cream Industry下。根据题干中的信息词Ice cream making secrets定位，发现末段首句的意思与题干信息相反，可知题干表述错误。
　　7. NG 文章末尾只提到两所大学开设了冰淇淋科学课程 (courses of ice cream science)，但美国是否有许多大学都开设这一课程不得而知。
　　8. from the minimum 10 percent to a maximum of about 16 percent.根据题干中的信息词the range of milk fat推知答案在标题Ice Cream or Frozen Dessert?下，定位发现答案在第二段首句。
　　9. $4 billion. 题干讲的是行业信息，推知答案在标题Ice Cream Industry下，再根据题干中的信息词In 1999定位，发现答案在首段首句。
　　10. secretive and underhanded。根据题干中的信息词Ice Cream Industry可知答案在同名标题下，在第二段首句可找到答案。
　　Part III Listening Comprehension
　　Section A
　　11. D 信息明示题。虽然男士的话较长，但关键点在最后，即he decided to cancel the class...由此可知，男士没上地理课的原因是因为教授取消了课程。而男士前面说的很多同学缺席则是教授取消课程的原因，所以D正确。
　　12. A 信息明示题。解答本题的关键是理解even(偶数)和odd(奇数)，只要明白这两个词的含义，本题就可迎刃而解。女士说电梯只有偶数层停，而第九层是奇数层，所以A正确。
　　13. D 综合推断题。男士问女士雨停了没有，女士回答说她的衣服都湿透了，言外之意是雨下的很大，故选D。
　　14. D 综合推断题。女士说自己把大部分午饭时间花在图书馆，但那里太安静以至于她睡着了，由此可以推断，女士之所以回来迟到了是因为睡过了并没有，所以D正确。
　　15. C 信息明示题。本题的关键是对manage的理解，它在本段对话中相当于have或eat。男士问女士是否再要些土豆，女士回答说自己吃不下了，故选C。
　　16. B 信息明示题。男士说，I said free lunches...由此可知，B正确。解答本题的关键是听清男士说的这句话，以避免three lunches, many lunches的干扰。
　　17. B 信息明示题。男士说自己听说格林先生陷入财政危机，女士赞成了男士的说法，由此可知，格林先生没有足够的资金继续他的项目，所以B正确。
　　18. A 建议题。男士说不知该把房间漆成什么颜色，女士建议漆成白色，说白色和家具的颜色很相配，故选A。
　　Conversation One
　　19. B 综合推断题。女士说This food is terrible. I can't even finish my dinner. 男士说the university could hire a better food service，结合这两句话可以推断，对话发生在食堂，所以B正确。
　　20. C 信息明示题。女士说I'm going over to the student recreation center to play some bridge.接下来男士问You are spending your time on a card game?由此可知，女士计划晚上play bridge(打桥牌)，故选C。
　　21. D 信息明示题。男士说You should be careful not to play so much that you don't get your studying done。所以D正确。
　　22. D 信息明示题。男士说I have a pretty heavy workload this semester. I have to spend my evenings studying。由些可知，男士这学期的学业很重，他晚上也要学习，故选D。
　　Conversation Two
　　23. C 综合推断题。男士在对话开始时提到了海水来自彗星这一新理论，接下来的对话主要就是围绕该理论展开的，最后还引出了海水来自火山这一传统理论，由此推断，对话主要与地球上水的来源，特别是海水的来源有关，故选C。
　　24. D 信息明示题。男士说海水来源的新理论是基于最近人造卫星所拍摄的照片的，宇宙人造卫星最近探测到，每天有将近四万颗小彗星与地球外层大气相碰撞，故选D。
　　25. D 信息明示题。女士指出，地质学者认为火山气体大多为蒸汽，故选D。
　　Section B
　　Passage One
　　26. A 信息明示题。文章第一段指出，...Australia, where he trained as an electronics engineer。由此可知A正确。
　　27. D 信息明示题。文章第二段指出，...being an amateur radio operator，由此可知D正确。
　　28. C 信息明示题。文章第三段指出，Henry realized that this man was in fact his younger brother, Peter由此可知C正确。
　　Passage Two
　　29. B 信息明示题。文章开头便指出，...four types of college degrees, starting with the associate degree。由此可知B正确。
　　30. A 信息明示题。文章指出，Not all associate degrees are designed for transfer. Some are technical degrees which are called terminal degrees, which mean they do not count toward a bachelor's。由此可知A正确。
　　31. C 信息明示题。文章最后指出，The BA (or BS) is 120 credit hours or 185 quarter hours。由此可知C正确。
　　Passage Three
　　32. A 信息明示题。文章开头就指出，淘金热始于1848年，故选A。
　　33. D 信息明示题。文章提到Within a year, 100,000 people...had reached the coast of California，故选D。
　　34. B 综合推断题。文章提到More than half of them had traveled overland across the American continent，由此可以推断，来淘金的人来自美国各地，故选B。
　　35. C 信息明示题。文章提到...it was a risky business. Law and order broke down...由此可知，淘金危险是因为它不受法律和秩序的保护，故选C。
　　Section C
　　36. financial 37. earn 38. various 39. pilot
　　40. outbreak 41. Confederate 42. company 43. prospected
　　44. Once that happened Twain traveled around the country giving lectures and earning enough money to go to Europe.
　　45. Twain didn't travel much the last 10 years of his life and he didn't publish much either.
　　46. Like many other popular writers Twain derived much of the materials for his writing from the wealth and diversity of his own personal experiences.

ensix · 发表于 2016-7-11 23:32:06

　　Part IV Reading Comprehension (Reading in Depth)
　　Section A
　　47. E 该空需填入动词原形，结合原意“和大多数美国人一梯状，你(的体重)可能也有几磅需要________”可知，E(去除)最符合文意。
　　48. F 结合常识和下文可知，F最符合文意。
　　49. A 结合句意“令人惊奇的是，为了看到长期________效果你不必节食或常去健身馆”，可知空格处需填一形容词，初选后留下A、D。由于下文只是讲到运动会帮助减肥，但并未说明它的效果明显，所以此处宜选用意思上更宽泛的positive(正面的，有效的)。
　　50. H 下文举例的breathing, blood circulation and digestion都是人体的基本功能，且其后的functioning已给出了提示，故H最符合文意。
　　51. B 该空需填入形容词，结合常识和句意“任何时候只要你活动，你都需要________能量”来看选项，B(额外的)符合文意。
　　52. C 该句句意为“采用这两种能量消耗来源中的哪一种取决于你活动的强度和________”，结合下文提到的...low to moderately intense and of long duration...可知C最符合文意。
　　53. J 结合句意“(活动的)强度越低，身体越________于脂肪作为其燃料”，该空应填入能和on搭配的动词，J最符合文意。
　　54. D 结合常识可知，有氧运动是最有效的减肥方式，选项中D最符合文意。
　　55. L 该空需填入副词，选项中只有L和N可作副词，由下文提到的walking, running, swimming, dancing, and jumping等可推知在这些有氧运动中四肢的活动是反复的，故排除N。
　　56. I 该空需填入动词的过去分词，结合句意“如果你已经________高强度、爆发性的运动，你会燃烧更多的脂肪”可知I最符合文意。
　　Section B
　　Passage One
　　57. C 推断题。由文章第一段最后一句可知，由于我们每个人天生的能力和后天成长的环境不同，所以我们对成功的定义很泛，由此可以推断，作者认为能力和环境是获得成功的基本条件，故选C。
　　58. C 语义题。结合文章第二段第二句中的poor shepherd(贫穷的牧羊人)和选项可以推断，C(节约的)正确，thrifty意为“节俭的，朴素的”;wealthy(富有的)，wasteful(浪费的)，miserable(悲惨的)均排除。
　　59. D 细节题。文章第二段倒数第二句指出，有的人已经很富有了却认为自己不成功是因为他们是根据自己的目标判断成功与否的，所以D正确。
　　60. D 推断题。文章最后一句指出，在没有尽全力做自己喜欢的事而失败之前，失败都不算真正的失败，由此推断，文章最后一段暗示，成功就是尽全力做自己喜欢的事情，所以D正确。
　　61. A 主旨题。本文第一句是全文的主题句，即每个人对成功的定义都不同，在接下来的几段中作者从不同角度定义了成功，所以A正确。
　　Passage Two
　　62. A 主旨题。通读全文可知，文章讨论的是太空旅游业的可行性，所以A正确。其他三项均没有全面概括文章大意。
　　63. C 语义题。文章第一段首句指出，“麦克开始倒立自己的太空旅行社时，他构想他的________将能把人造卫星送上地球轨道”。A(卖面包和黄油的生意)，B(生产面包和黄油的生意)，C(谋生生意)，D(旅游中介)四个选项中，C最符合题意。bread-and-butter意为“实用的，生计的”。
　　64. C 细节题。文章第二段第二句指出，公司收取了130多份定金，费用是两小时98，000美元，所以C正确。
　　65. C 推断题。文章第三段提到，太空旅行最大的困难是资金问题，美国政府对此没什么兴趣，所以C正确;A(计划的最大困难是生命维持系统问题)，B(开发此市场的企业家们有足够的资金)，D(首次航行在几年内就可实现)，均与原文不符，故排除。
　　66. B 观点态度题。根据上下文可知，作者认为实现太空旅行还很遥远，而有人却已经开始制定规划了，作者的话语中(that galaxy far, far away)含有讽刺意味，所以B正确;A(客观的)，C(赞同的)、D(热衷的)均不正确。
　　Part V Cloze
　　67. B 词义辨析题。subjectively意为“实质地”，substantially意为“充分地，很多地”，substitutively意为“可替代地”，subjectively意为“主观地”。本句的意思是“经过几个世纪，阅读的概念已经________改变了。”选项B与句意最符。
　　68. C 介词用法题。本句中的to是介词，应该接名词或动名词。结合其后and describing the reading process可知，应选C。
　　69. A 词义辨析题。两个分句的谓语分别是agree和disagree，由此可知，这两个分句应为转折关系，故选A。
　　70. A 词义辨析题。involve意为“卷入，包括”，take意为“拿走，获得”，reveal意为“显示，揭露”，invite意为“邀请”，结合句意“专家们认为阅读________更高的、更复杂的智力活动”，A最符合。
　　71. D 词义辨析题。mental function意为“智力活动”，故选D。opinion意为“意见”，manner意为“行为”，effect意为“影响”，这三项与mental搭配均不符合句意，故排除。
　　72. B 惯用搭配题。disagree about/on意为“对……有不同意见”，故选B。
　　73. A 惯用搭配题。view...as是惯用搭配，意为“把……看做”，故选A。look是不及物动词，如需使用，应用look at。
　　74. D 惯用搭配题。stand for意为“代表”，stand by意为“支持”，stand to意为“遵守”，stand off意为“疏远”，结合句意可知，D正确。
　　75. B 词义辨析题。content意为“内容”，contend意为“争论，主张”，contemp意为“轻视”，contact意为“接触”，结合句意可知，B正确。
　　76. A 词义辨析题。inexplicably意为“无法解释地”，inexpressibly意为“说不出地”，inextricably意为“解决不了地”，inexpediently意为“不明智地”，结合句意可知，A正确。
　　77. A 词义辨析题。本句意为“一个孩子能读出声而不________所读的含义，不能叫做真正的阅读。”故选A(了解，理解)。explain意为“解释”，真正的阅读并不需要去解释什么，而是要理解所读材料的意思。
　　78. C 词义辨析题。some在句中指代与authorities持不同观点的人，空格与后面的to some共同构成插入语，according to为固定搭配，该插入语意为“根据有些人的观点”，故选C。
　　79. D 词义辨析题。totally意为“完全地”，usually意为“通常”，mainly意为“大体地”，均不符合句意，排除。actually意为“实际上”，下一句对其进行了反向解释，即有阅读能力的许多成年人，并未全面读过一本书。言外之意，他们实际上不算读者，故选D。
　　80. B 词义辨析题。part意为“部分，零件”，entirety意为“整体”，chapter意为“章”，section意为“部分，节”，in its entirety意为“整体地，全面地”，由此可知B正确。
　　81. C 词义辨析题。be classified as意为“被划分，被分类到”，符合句意，故选C。
　　82. C 词义辨析题。conclusive意为“确定的”，the most conclusive是其最高级，指最确定的，故选C。inclusive意为“包括的，包围的”，inclinable意为“倾向于，赞成的”，complicated意为“复杂的”，均不符合句意。
　　83. D 词义辨析题。unlock意为“解开，破译”，符合句意，故选D。break意为“破裂”，elaborate意为“详细说明”，define意为“解释”，均不符合句意。
　　84. A 词义辨析题。由句意“为了不同的________而对意思进行解释”，可知A正确。for various purposes意为“出于各种各样的原因”。
　　85. C 词义辨析题。so用在do之后代表上文提到的具体动作，以避免重复，故选C。
　　86. B 惯用搭配题。结合上下文可知，此处要做总结，四个选项中只有B能和short构成短语in short(总之)。
　　Part VI Translation
　　87. since we introduced color photographs on the front page
　　本句为现在完成时，再结合中文部分的内容可知，该部分应译成since引导的时间状语从句。为了强调此处的“采用”是从无到有的运用，应将其译成introduce，而不是单纯表示“运用”的use。
　　88. more complicate animals developed from the simple animals
　　本题的考点是“高等动物”和“低等动物”的译法，即complicated animals和simple animals。值得注意的是，某些中文表达在英语中很难找到相对应的单词，此时往往可以用词组将中文的含义表达出来。
　　89. I'd like to order one fried egg and bacon
　　外出吃饭时，点菜所用的动词可用order或have，此处为了避免与下句动词重复，用order更好。而在表示主观意愿的“想要”时，常用I'd like to来表示。
　　90. because of the sweet taste and a variety of flavors
　　本题的考点是“多种口味”的译法，可用a variety of，强调种类繁多。a lot of虽然也表示“很多的”，但指的只是数量上的多，意思不够贴切。
　　91. Scientists will come up with
　　本题的考点是“提出”的译法。此处“提出”的宾语是methods，故采用短语come up with表达此意。

		自动登录	找回密码
密码			立即注册