2011年12月大学英语四级考试模拟试题(六)

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        　　Section B
        　　Directions: There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D). You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.
        　　Passage One
        　　Questions 57 to 61 are based on the following passage.
        　　Most conceptions of the process of motivation begin with the assumption that behavior is, at least in part, directed towards the attainment of goals or towards the satisfaction of needs or motives. Accordingly, it is appropriate to begin our consideration of motivation in the work place by examining the motives for working. Simon points out that an organization should be able to secure the participation of a person by offering him inducements(引诱)which contribute in some way to at least one of his goals. The kinds of inducements offered by an organization are varied, and if they are effective in maintaining participation they must necessarily be based on the needs of the individuals.
        　　Maslow examines in detail what these needs are. He points out not only that there are many needs ranging from basic physiological drives such as hunger to a more abstract desire for selfrealization, but also that they are arranged in a hierarchy( 等级制度)w hereby the lowerorder needs must to a large degree be satisfied before the higherorder ones come into play.
        　　One of the most obvious ways in which work organizations attract and retain members is through the realization that economic factors are not the only inducement for working as indicated by Morse and Weiss. In line with the social respect and selfrealization needs discussed by Maslow, factors such as associations with others, selfrespect gained through the work, and a high interest value of the work can serve effectively to induce people to work.
        　　57. According to Maslow, a work organization is able to motivate people to work by _______.
        　　A) satisfying their physiological needs
        　　B) satisfying their selfrealization needs
        　　C) satisfying hierarchy of their higherorder need
        　　D) first satisfying their lowerorder needs
       
            
            

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        　　58. Lowerorder
        　　needs concern a person’s _______.
        　　A) essential physical needs C) selfrealization
        　　B) selfrespect
        　　D) working relationships with others
        　　59. Which of the following is NOT a higher need that attracts people to work?
        　　A) Association with others. C) Interest value of the work.
        　　B) Possibility of earning a good salary. D) Cultivation of selfrespect.
        　　60. Which of the following statements may be supported by Morse and Weiss?
        　　A) Physiological needs are the most basic.
        　　B) There is a hierarchy of needs that must be met.
        　　C) Economic factors are the greatest inducement.
        　　D) Personal esteem and the gaining of power is the most important factor.
        　　61. Simon points out that ________.
        　　A) the needs of individuals range from hunger to selfrealization
        　　B) economic factors are not the only inducement for working
        　　C) effective inducements must be based on what individuals want
        　　D) inducements must not be too varied
        　　Passage Two
        　　Questions 62 to 66 are based on the following passage. The justification for a university is that it preserves the connection between knowledge and the zest of life, by uniting the young and the old in the imaginative consideration of learning. The university imparts information, but it imparts it imaginatively. At least, this is the function which it should perform for society. A university which fails in this respect has no reason for existence.
       
            
            

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        　　This atmosphere of excitement, arising from imaginative consideration, transforms knowledge. A fact is no longer a burden on the memory, it is energizing as the poet of our dreams and as the architect of our purposes. Imagination is not to be divorced from the facts: it is a way of illuminating the facts. It works by eliciting the general principles which apply to the facts, as they exist, and then by an intellectual survey of alternative possibilities which are consistent with those principles. It enables men to construct an intellectual vision of a new world, and it preserves the zest of life by the suggestion of satisfying purposes.
        　　Youth is imaginative, and if the imagination be strengthened by discipline, this energy of imagination can in great measure be preserved through life. The tragedy of the world is that those who are imaginative have but slight experience, and those who are experienced have feeble imagination. Fools act on imagination without knowledge? pedants(学究)act on knowledge without imagination. The task of university is to weld together imagination and experience.
        　　62. The main theme of the passage is ____.
        　　A) the access to knowledge in university
        　　B) the function of universities
        　　C) the role of imagination in our lives
        　　D) the relationship between imagination and experience
        　　63. According to the passage, the justification for a university is that ____.
        　　A) it presents facts and experience to young and old
        　　B) it imparts knowledge to imaginative people
        　　C) it combines imagination with knowledge and experience
        　　D) it enables men to construct an intellectual vision of the world
        　　64. The word “eliciting” in paragraph 2 probably means ____.
        　　A) applying C) drawing forth
        　　B) challenging D) preserving
        　　65. Which of the following is NOT discussed as one of the things imagination can do?
        　　A) It makes our life exciting and worthwhile.
        　　B) It helps us to understand the world.
        　　C) It helps us to formulate Laws about the facts.
        　　D) It provides inspiration to the artists.
        　　66. According to the author, the tragedy of the world is that ____.
        　　A) our energy of imagination cannot be preserved
        　　B) our imagination is seldom disciplined
        　　C) we grow old inevitably
        　　D) too many people are either fools or pedants
       
            
            

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        　　Part V Cloze (15 minutes)
        　　Directions: There are 20 blanks in the following passage. For each blank there are four choices
        　　marked A), B), C) and D) on the right side of the paper. You should choose the ONE that best
        　　fits into the passage. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line
        　　through the centre.
        　　In a telephone survey of more than 2,000 adults, 21% said they believed the sun revolved (旋
        　　转) around the earth. An ___67___ 7% did not know which revolved around ___68___ I have no
        　　doubt that ___69___ all of these people were ___70___ in school that the earth revolves around
        　　the sun? ___71___ may even have written it ___72___ a test. But they never ___73___ their
        　　incorrect mental models of planetary (行星的) ___74___ because their everyday observations
        　　didn’t support ___75___ their teachers told them: People see the sun “moving” ___76___ the sky
        　　as morning turns to night, and the earth seems stationary (静止的) ___77__ that is happening.
        　　Students can learn the right answers ___78___ heart in class, and yet never combined them
        　　___79__ their working models of the world. The objectively correct answer the professor accepts
        　　and the ___80___ personal understanding of the world can ___81___ side by side, each unaffected by the other.
        　　Outside of class, the student continues to sue the ___82___ model because it has always
        　　worked well ___83___ that circumstance. Unless professors address ___84___ errors in students’
        　　personal models of the world, students are not ___85___ to replace them with the ___86___ one.
       
            
            

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        　　67. A) excessive B) extra C) additional D) added
        　　68. A) what B) which C) that D) other
        　　69. A) virtually B) remarkably C) ideally D) preferably
        　　70. A) learned B) suggested C) taught D) advised
        　　71. A) those B) these C) who D) they
        　　72. A) on B) with C) under D) for
        　　73. A) formed B) altered C) believed D) thought
        　　74. A) operation B) position C) motion D) location
        　　75. A) how B) which C) that D) what
        　　76. A) around B) across C) on D) above
        　　77. A) since B) so C) while D) for
        　　78. A) to B) by C) in D) with
        　　79. A) with B) into C) to D) along
        　　80. A) adult’s B) teacher’s C) scientist’s D) student’s
        　　81. A) exist B) occur C) survive D) maintain
        　　82. A) private B) individual C) personal D) own
        　　83. A) in B) with C) on D) for
        　　84. A) general B) natural C) similar D) specific
        　　85. A) obliged B) likely C) probable D) partial
        　　86. A) perfect B) better C) reasonable D) correct
       
            
            

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        　　Part VI Translation (5 minutes)
        　　Directions: Complete the sentences on Answer Sheet 2 by translating into English the Chinese given in brackets.
        　　87. _____________________________( 只要每个中国人) works to his capacity in the construction of China’s economy, the rise of Chinese nation is round the corner.
        　　88. With a special train ticket you can ___________________________________(任何国家旅行)in Europe for just over 100 pounds.
        　　89. In spite of the fact that hotel prices have risen sharply, the number of tourists
        　　_________________________ (和以前一样多).
        　　90. The hotel manager, ________________________(我向他投诉过) about the service， refunded part of our bill.
        　　91. The Tower of London, _____________________________________________ (在里面曾有
        　　许多人丧命) is now a tourist attraction.
        　　答案
        　　Part I Writing
        　　To Get along with Your Roommate
        　　Roommate conflicts among college students are often heard on campus over recent years.
        　　Study shows that these conflicts make the excitement of campus life grow grey and have bad effects on both their living and learning.
        　　Roommate conflicts often spring from daily trivial things such as time when to turn off the light and space where to store luggage or personal belongs. When personalities don’t mix, the specifics can tear roommates apart and sometimes even lead to serious conflicts. Besides, the fact that roommates hold different attitudes towards certain issue is another factor causing these conflicts.
       
            
            

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        　　Roommate conflicts are harmful and need to be settled. Though many people think that school discipline can soften the conflicts, I believe learning to be tolerant with each other can play a more constructive role because it teaches students flexibility and the art of compromise. Meanwhile, communication contributes to the solution to this problem since many of these conflicts stem from misunderstanding.
        　　Part II Reading Comprehension (Skimming and Scanning)
        　　1. Y 2. N 3. Y 4. Y 5. N 6. NG 7. N
        　　8. the educational underachievement
        　　9. working with the family
        　　10. Education Working Group
        　　Part III Listening Comprehension
        　　11~15 CCDAB 16~20 ABDDA 21~25 DCCBC 26~30 DABCA 31~35 ABDCD
        　　36. laughter 37. content 38. questioned 39. research 40. adulthood
        　　41. reduced 42. astonishing 43. effects
        　　44. It speeds up the heart rate, increases blood pressure and quickens breathing
        　　45. listened to either an informative tape, or a cassette intended to relax them or no tape at all
        　　46. those who had listened to the humorous tape could tolerate the discomfort much longer
        　　Part IV Reading Comprehension (Reading in Depth)
        　　47. K 48. D 49. M 50. J 51. I 52. L 53. B 54. C 55. A 56. F
        　　57~61 DACCC 62~66 BCCDD
        　　Part V Cloze
        　　67~71 CBACD 72~76 ABCDB 77~81 CBADA 82~86 CADBD
        　　Part VI Translation
        　　87. As long as every Chinese
        　　88. travel wherever /anywhere /everywhere you like
        　　89. is as great as ever
        　　90. to whom I complained
        　　91. where/in which so many people lost their lives