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大学英语四级完形填空练习
In a telephone survey of more than 2, 000 adults, 21% said they believed the sun revolved (旋转)around the earth. An __1__ 7% did not know which revolved around__2__. I have no doubt that__3__all of these people were__4__in school that the earth revolves around the sun；__5__may even have written it __6__ at test. But they never__7__their incorrect mental models of planetary (行星的)__8__because their every day observations didn’t support __9__ their teachers told them: People see the sun moving __10__ the sky as morning turns to night，and the earth seems stationary (静止的)__11__ that is happening.
Students can learn the right answers __12__ heart in class，and yet never combined them__13__their working models of the world. The objectively correct answer the professor accepts and the__14__personal underst anding of the world can__15__side by side，each unaffected by the other.
Outside of class，the student continues to use the__16__model because it has always worked well__17__that circumstance. Unless professors address__18__errors in students’personal models of the world, students are not__19__to replace them with the __20__ one.
1. [A] excessive [B] extra [C] additional [D] added
2. [A] what [B] which [C] that [D] other
3. [A] virtually [B] remarkably [C] ideally [D] preferably
4. [A] learned [B] suggested [C] taught [D] advised
5. [A] those [B] these [C] who [D] they
6. [A] on [B] with [C] under [D] for
7. [A] formed [B] altered [C] believed [D] thought
8. [A] operation [B] position [C] motion [D] location
9. [A] how [B] which [C] that [D] what
10.[A] around [B] across [C] on [D] above
11.[A] since [B] so [C] while [D] for
12.[A] to [B] by [C] in [D] with
13.[A] with [B] into [C] to [D] along
14.[A] adult's [B] teacher's [C] scientist's [D] student's
15.[A] exist [B] occur [C] survive [D] maintain
16.[A] private [B] individual [C] personal [D] own
17.[A] in [B] with [C] on [D] for
18.[A] general [B] natural [C] similar [D] specific
19.[A] obliged [B] likely [C] probable [D] partial
20.[A] perfect [B] better [C] reasonable [D] correct
在对2000多位成年人进行的电话调查中，有21%人说他们认为太阳是围绕地球旋转的。另有7%的人不知道究竟哪个围绕哪个转。我毫不怀疑实际上所有这些人在学校里都曾学过地球是围绕太阳转的，他们甚至还在考卷上写过。但是他们却从来没有改变他们头脑里的关于行星运行的不正确模式，因为他们每天观察到的情况和老师教给他们的并不一致：人们看到的是太阳从早到晚横越天空，而与此同时，地球却似乎是静止的。
学生可以在课堂上记住正确的答案，但从不将其与他们头脑里的世界运转模式结合起来。教授所接受的客观上正确的答案与学生对世界的个人理解并存着，互不影响。
在课外，学生仍然运用自己头脑里的固有模式，因为它们在那个环境里总是行得通的。除非教授们指出学生们对世界模式个人认识上的具体错误，否则学生们不太可能运用正确的认识来取代它们。
【解析】
1. [C] 语境词汇题。四个答案都有“额外”的意思，但各有偏重。[A] 重在表达“过量、超过正常的部分”；[B] 是“在一类事物之外的额外部分”；[D] 是“外加的”。因此只有[C] 答案符合本题要求：“另外有7%的人不知道是谁绕着谁转。”
2. [B] 语法结构题。如上题所述，句中已有which，要表达“不知谁绕着谁转”的意思，只能选[B] 。
3. [A] 语境词汇题。virtually“实际上地”；remarkably“很明显地”；ideally“理想地”；preferably“更适宜地”。从句意来看，只能选[A] 。
4. [C] 语境词汇题。本句意：实际上，这些人在学校都学过地球绕着太阳转的。本句谓语用的是被动语态，故答案为[C] 。
5. [D] 语法结构题。本题考代词。承接上句，此处应为直接代替上句中所提到的人们，所以用they。
6. [A] 固定搭配题。此题考查固定搭配write on“记下，写下”。
7. [B] 语境词汇题。由句中incorrect mental models一处可获得提示，“不正确的模型应该得到更正”，因此，此题选[B] 是正确答案。
8. [C] 语境词汇题。此句句意为：“但他们不肯改变脑海里错误的行星运动模式。”根据语义判断，只有motion符合句意。选项中position和location都是表示静止位置的词，而行星是在不断运动中的，因此不能选。
9. [D] 语法结构题。语法上，本题缺少的是宾语从句的引导词，在从句中作宾语，并具有自己的意义。因此，只有[D] what才符合题意。
10.[B] 语法结构题。本题缺少一个介词，本句意为：“人们看到太阳越过天际，因此有了日夜更替。”能和天空搭配，并体现运动感的介词只有[B] across。
11.[C] 语法结构题。本题考连词。句意为：“当这一切发生的时候，地球仿佛是静止的。”因此应选[C] while。
12.[B] 语法结构题。by heart意为“用心熟记”；in heart意为“兴高采烈”，其他并无固定搭配选项。故应选[B] 答案。
13.[A] 语法结构题。combine sth. with sth.（将某物与某物结合起来）。故此选[A] 。
14.[D] 语境词汇题。根据文章意思，教授所提供的正确答案应该是和学生对于世界的个人理解并存。故此处应选[D] 。
15.[A] 语境词汇题。如上题所述，表示存在的选项即为[A] 。occur“发生”；survive“存活”；maintain“维持”。
16.[C] 语境词汇题。在课外，学生仍使用他们自己脑中的模型。[A] 强调“私人的”；[B] 指“个体的”；[D] 前应为形容词性的人称代词；唯有[C] 可以表达主观的“个人想法”之意。故此，选[C] 。
17.[A] 语法结构题。能和环境circumstance一词搭配的只有[A] in。
18.[D] 语境词汇题。意为：“除非教师指出学生世界观模式中的某个错误，学生是不可能摒弃自己的观点，而认可正确观点的。”由此可知，错误应是具体的，所以选[D] 。
19.[B] 语境词汇题。参照上题，表示“不可能”的词组只有[B] 符合be likely to do的搭配。
20.[D] 语境词汇题。参照18题，与原来错误的模型相反，当然是正确的模型。故答案为[D] 。
(实习编辑：李琳) |
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发表于 2016-7-11 20:10:24