在使用代词it,he,this,that,which,one等时,前文中应出现明确的先行词。如:“Since we cannot know what particular bit of knowledge a child will need in the future,it is senseless to force him to learn it.”,这句话中,him和it这两个代词都有明确的先行词,分别是a child和knowledge,因此句子的含义非常清楚。可是,不少学生在使用这些代词时,虽然自己很清楚它们指代的是什么,但在作文中却没有交代清楚,结果这些代词非但没有使行文简洁,反而造成了意思上的模糊,让阅卷老师不知所云。
(误)Sometimes teachers will inform students of the heavy burden they have to bear.
(正)Sometimes the teacher will inform students of the heavy burden he has to bear.