|
|
例1.The question of whether war is inevitable
is one which has conviced many of the worlds great
writers. Before considering this question,…
Q： The passage is probably intended to answer the
question _____ .
(A) Is war inevitable?
(B) why is there conflict and competition?
(C) Is conflict desirable?
(D) Can competition lead to conflict?
(分析：选A。属段首主旨大意型。文章开头一句话即点明了文章中心思想，下面内容均围绕这一思想展开的。)例2.…"They
think that if you work hard,…"She adds, Most women
and blacks…because of their sex or color that play
down (使…不突出)their visibility."Her advice to those
folk . Learn the ways that white males have
traditionally used to find their way into the
spotlight."
Q：The best title for this passage would be
_________ .(A) Role of women and Minorities in
Management.(B) The Importance of Being Visible(C)
Job Performance and Advancement(D) Sex and Career
Success.
(分析：选B项，属段尾主旨大意型。文章开头就指出女人和黑人加入管理阶层之后，出现了一些新的观点。文中又介绍了Coleman观点及Kaleel
Jamision的评论，最后通过Kaleel Jamision的建议才点出文章中心意思。)
例3.It is natural for yours people to be
critical of their parents at times and to blame
them for most of the misunderstands between them.
They have always complained, more or less justly,
that their parents are out of touch with modern
ways; that they are possessive and dominate; that
they do not trust their children to deal with
crisis; that they talk too much about certain
problems --and that they have no sense of humor,
at least in parent-child relationships. Q：The
first paragraph is mainly about ________.(A) the
teenager's criticism of their parents.(B)
misunderstandings between teenagers and their
parents.(C) the dominance of the parents over
their children.(D) the teenagers' ability to deal
with crisis.
(分析：选12项。属某一段落段首主旨大意型。此段第一句就指出年轻人批评其父母，认为他们的父母对他们之间的误解负责，这是很正常的事。然后用五个that引导的宾语从句来阐述他们对父母不满的原因。段落结构一目了然，故知首句是中心思想。)
例4：…These definition are necessary because it
is important to emphasize that competition between
individuals or groups is inevitable in a world of
limited resources, but conflict is not. Conflict,
nevertheless, is very likely to occur, and is
probably and essential and desirable element of
human societies.
Q：In the first paragraph, the author gives the
definitions of someterms in order to _______ .
(A) argue for the similarities between animal
societies and human societies
(B) smooth out the conflicts in human societies.
(C) distinguish between two kinds of opposition.
(D) summarize the characteristic features of
opposition and cooperation.
(分析：选C项。属某一段段尾主旨大意型。文章此段给出了conflict
(矛盾)和competition
(竞争)的定义，然后进一步阐述了两种对抗(opposition)在很多情况下的不同。作者最后两句又强调了"These
definitions are necessary
because…"。很明显作者是想通过定义这两个词从而区分这两种对抗。
以上分析，基本上概括了历届四六级考试阅读理解题考点常考处及其对应题型。考生掌握了这些规律，在读文章时，就要在这些考点常出现地方作些记号。阅读完毕，这些作记号的地方基本上就是出题的地方。然后再对照后面的题目，一一找到相对应的考点，再细细分、做题。这样就避免做一题，看一下整个段落，甚至全文，从而节省了时间
#P#
7、特殊标点符号后内容常考由于特殊标点符号后内容是对前面内容的进一步解释和说明，因此命题者常以标点符号后的内容进行提问。具体说，特殊标点符号包括：
(1)破折号(表解释);(2)括号(表解释);(3)冒号(表解释);(4)引号(表引用)。题型一般有推理题，主旨大意题，细节事实题等。
例1. Just how critical this eye maneuvering is
to the maintenance of conversational flow becomes
evident when two speakers are wearing dark glasses
there may be a sort of trefoil jam of words caused
by interruption, false, and unpredictable
pauses.Q：To keep a conversation flowing smoothing,
it is better for the participants ______ .(A) out
to wear dark spectacles (B) not to make any
interruptions(C) not to glance away (D) not to
make unpredictable
pauses.(分析：选A。属辨认细节事实题型，冒号前一句话意思是当两个说话者戴墨镜进行交谈时，谈话的流利性就会受影响。冒号后一句话进一步解释了会有哪些影响，即会有一些停顿或错误表达，或随便插话。答案B、D项是结果，不是条件，C项短文没提，故选A。)
例2.…She adds:"Most women and blacks are so
frightened that people will think they've gotten
ahead because of their sex or color that they play
down (使…不突出)their visibility. "Her advice to those
folks: learn the ways that white males have
traditionally used to find their way into the
spotlight. Q：The best title for this passage would
be ______ .(A) pole of women and Minorities in
Management(B) The Importance of Being Visible (C)
Job Performance and Advancement(D) Sex and Career
Success
(分析：选B项，属主旨大意题型。冒号前面的内容讲的是女人和黑人常因自己的肤色和性别而畏首畏脚，不愿张扬自己，这样很难得到老板提拔。冒号后内容即建议他们要象白人一样善于突出自己并引人注意。此即全篇文章主旨，故选B项。)
例3.…Human-resource management is not
traditionally seen as central to the competitive
survival of the firm in the United States. Skill
acquisition is considered an individual
responsibility. Lab our is simply another factor
of production to be hired - rented at the lowest
possible cost - much as one buys raw materials or
equipment.
Q：Which of the following applies to the management
of human resources in American companies?
(A) They hire people at the lowest cost
regardless of their skills.
(B) They see the gaining of skills as their
employees' own business.
(C) They attach more importance to workers than
equipment.
(D) They only hired skilled workers because of
keep competition.
(分析：选B项，属归纳事实细节题。文章主要意思讲美国大公司忽视人力资源管理。带破折号的句子是进一步解释，阐述这一主旨，强调劳动力仅被视为生产的最廉价因素--就象去买原料或装置一样。我们由此归纳，总结出美国公司把员工技能的培养看作员工自己的事。
例4："Alternative fuels such as natural gas, burned
in internal-Combustion engines, could be
introduced at relatively low cost, but they would
lead to only marginal reductions in pollution and
greenhorns emissions (especially because oil
companies are already spending billions of dollars
every year to develop less of polluting types of
gasoline).Q：Which of the following statements is
TRUE according to the passage?
(A)The decline of public transportation accounts
for increased…
(B)cars are popular in western Europe even though
fuel prices…
(C)The reduction of vehicle use is the only
sustainable option…
(D)Western European oil companies cannot sustain
the cost of developing new-type
fuels.(分析选B项属推理题。此题虽需通阅全文才能做出。但命题者针对小括号内内容出了一干扰项D项。D项内容与文中小括号内容是有出入的，故错。)注：至引号处的考点，前面引用处常考一项已分析过。
8、段首，段尾句常考在短文中第一段首句或末段末句往往是文章中心思想的表达处;有时某一段的段首，段尾句是该段的主题句。因此，命题者常在这些地方出题。题型基本上属主旨大意型。
|
|
发表于 2016-7-11 18:40:12