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本期重点：名词
名词方面主要考查的是名词的单复数形式(例1、4)。此时要注意的是一些词加s后意思就有可能改变，例如：paper(纸)papers(试卷)、safe(安全的)safes(保险箱)、glass(玻璃)glasses(眼镜)、wood(木材)woods(树林)、work(工作)works(作品)等。还有一些特殊的复合名词也要注意，例如father-in-law 改成复数形式是fathers-in-law。
考点解析：
例1：Operating within Seattle, which has 20 percents racial S2__________
minorities, the paper has put into place policies.
解析：在表达“百分之几”时，只需用基数词加上单数percent即可。
例2：In addition, the paper instituted a content
audit (审查) that evaluates the frequency and manner of
representation of woman and people of color in photographs S7._________
解析：不定冠词a(n)或定冠词the加上单数个体名词可以指一类事物，若不用冠词，则名词须为复数。此处woman与people并列作为of 的宾语，由于people是集体名词，单数形式表复数意义，从平衡角度出发，应该将woman改为women。
例3：Words came that the missing boy had been found. 1.__________
解析:word为当可数名词时，意思为“(某人所说的)话”，当其为不可数名词时，意思为“消息”。根据句意，本题中word应改为“消息”的意思，所以应该把Words改为Word。
例4：They spent over a million year evolving as co-operative hunters. S5.__________
解析：year是可数名词，而且前面又有a million 修饰，所以要用复数。
巩固与拓展
1.There are majorities of teachers who have a lot of teaching experiences in my school.
__________
2. In some schools there are special woman teachers teaching girl students. __________
3. According to psychologists, there are three factors accounting for this phenomena. __________
4. There is so much voice outside that I can’t concentrate on my study and thinking. _________
5.Culture is composed of nonmaterial culture abstract creations like values, beliefs,
customs and institutional arrangements - and material culture - physical object like ________
cooking pots, computers and bathtubs.
综合练习
If you smoke and you still don’t believe that there’s a definite link
between smoke and troubles, heart disease and lung cancer, 1. _____
and you are certainly deceiving yourself. No one will accuse you 2.___
with hypocrisy. Let us just say that you are suffering from a bad case of 3.______
wishful thinking. This needn’t make you too uncomfortable because you are
in a good company. Whenever the subject of smoking and health is 4.___
raised, the governments of most countries hear no evil, see no evil and
smell no evil. Admittedly, a few governments have not taken timid 5.______
measures. In Britain for instance, cigarette advertising has been banned on
television. The conscience of the nation is appeased, while the population
continues to puff its way to smoky, cancerous death.
You don’t have to look very far to find out that the official reactions 6._____
to medical findings have been so lukewarm. The answer is simple money. 7._______
Tobacco is a wonderful commodity to tax. It’s almost like a tax on
our daily bread. In tax revenue lonely, the government of Britain 8.______
collect enough from smokers to pay for its entirely educational facilities. 9._____
So while the authorities point out ever so discreetly that smoking may,
conceivably, harmful, it doesn’t do to shout too loudly about it. 10.______
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参考答案及解析：
巩固与拓展
1.experiences -> experience
当experience为可数名词时，意思是“经历”，当为不可数名词时，意思为“经验”。根据句子的意思，应该是“教学经验”。
2.woman -> women
由man、woman、lord构成的复合名词应前后两个词都变为复数形式。
3.phenomena -> phenomenon 或this -> these
phenomena是phenomenon 的复数形式。前面有this修饰，应该用单数。
4.voice -> noise
voice意思是“(人的)声音”，而noise指的是噪声。
5.object -> objects
综合练习
1.smoke -> smoking
smoke作名词时意为“烟雾”，作动词时意为“吸烟”。此处指吸烟和肺部疾病的关系
故使用smoking。
2.and -> / 或and -> then
and是并列连词，连接两个对称的分句。但此处前面是条件状语从句，不对称，故应该去掉and或将and改为 then，使后面变成主句
3.with -> of
accuse sb of sth 意为“为….而控告或谴责某人”，不能使用介词with
4.a -> /
此处显然不是“在一家好公司”( in a good company)的意思，而是说“有人和你作伴”(in good company)。此处的company意为“陪伴”，抽象名词，前面不用冠祠。
5.not -> /
逻辑错误
6.that -> why
此处的意思是要找到“为什么官方对医学发现应冷淡”。
7.simple -> simply
这里的句意是“答案仅仅是钱”，故使用副词simply。simple的意思是“简单”。
8.lonely -> alone
lonely意为“孤独”的，alone意为“单独，一个”，此处意为“单税收一项”，故用alone
9.collect -> collects
本句的主语是the government of Britain ，是单数，所以谓语collect也要用单数。
10.harmful前加be
本句的conceivably 是插入语，如果不看它的话，就很容易看出这个句子缺少了系动词be
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发表于 2016-7-11 18:38:07