英语六级考试短文改错冲刺训练(10)

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　　本期重点：易混词
        　　易混词主要考查近义词混用和形近词混淆。英语词汇中有很多词在拼写上、语义上很相似，如assure / ensure,　rise / arise /raise,　effect / affect, adopt / adapt，likely / probable，accept / receive，like / as，cost / spend等, 但是它们的用法却迥然不同。这些易混淆的词构成六级改错的一个重要错误类型。
        　　考点例析：
        　　例1： His persistence was awarded when the car finally started. ________
        　　解析：句中“award”是“颁发，授予(奖赏)”之义，而文中想要表达的意思是“汽车终于启动了，那就是对他坚持不懈精神的回报。”应把award改成reward。
        　　例2：A diversity committee composed of reporters, editors, and
        　　photographers meets regularly to value the Seattle Times’ S5.________
        　　content and to educate the rest of the newsroom staff about
        　　diversity issues.
        　　解析：动词value有两个含义：第一，to think that someone or something is important，比如I value our friendship。第二，to decide how much money something is worth，比如we decide to get this house valued。不论哪个含义，用于此都不适合。从文中可以推测这些人碰头人是为了judge how good, useful, or successful the paper is，因此要用evaluate。
        　　例3：Leprosy is caused by bacteria spread through liquid from the nose
        　　and mouth. The disease mainly effects the skin and nerves. S4.________
        　　解析：effect 作动词时意为“产生，招致(某种结果);实现，完成”，但此处需要表示“影响”，故将effects -> affects.
        　　巩固与拓展
        　　1. His success result from part in his ability to sell the product and
        　　in part from his policy of expanding during periods of economical __________
        　　decline, when most of his competitors were reducing their investments.
        　　2. There is a train which leaves London at 5pm and
        　　arrives Cambridge at 6:45pm. __________
        　　3. In fact, psychologists adapt a similar approach to scientists in other fields ______
        　　4. They are far more probable to report that they don’t have the time to ______
        　　read the papers and have no interest in the content.
        　　5. Ever since the enclosures, wool and then woolen cloth
        　　had been the principle exports of England ________
        　　综合训练
        　　A “typical” British family used to consist of mother, father and two
        　　children, and in recent years there have been many changes in family 1.____
        　　life. Some of these have been caused by new laws and other 2. _____
        　　are the result of changes in society. For example, for the law 3.___
        　　made easier to get a divorce, the number of divorces has increased. 4. ______
        　　In fact, one marriage in every three now end in divorce. This means that 5. ______
        　　there are a lot of one-parent families. Society is now more tolerant than it
        　　used to be with unmarried people, unmarried couples and single parents. 6._____
        　　Another change has been caused by the fact people are living longer 7. ____
        　　nowadays, and many old people lives alone following the death of their
        　　partners. As a cause of these changes in the pattern of people’s lives, there 8.____
        　　are many families consist of only one person or one person and children. .9._____
        　　You might think that marriage and the families are not so popular as they
        　　once are. However, the majority of divorced people marry again and they 10._____
        　　sometimes take responsibility for a second family.
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        　　参考答案及解析：
        　　巩固与拓展
        　　1. His success result from part in his ability to sell the product and
        　　in part from his policy of expanding during periods of economical __________
        　　decline, when most of his competitors were reducing their investments.
        　　economical -> economic
        　　economical意为“节俭的”，economic意为“经济的”，此处说的是经济滑坡，所以应该是economic decline。
        　　2. There is a train which leaves London at 5pm and
        　　arrives Cambridge at 6:45pm. __________
        　　arrives -> reach或arrives后加in
        　　arrive是不及物动词，表示“到达”时如果后面要跟地方就要加上介词或者将其改成与其同义的及物动词reach。
        　　3. In fact, psychologists adapt a similar approach to scientists in other fields ______
        　　adapt -> adopt
        　　adapt意为“使…适应”，adopt意为“采用，收养”，根据句意应该是用后者。
        　　4. They are far more probable to report that they don’t have the time to ______
        　　read the papers and have no interest in the content.
        　　probable -> likely
        　　两者都有“可能的’之意，但是用probable时，主语只能是物或者形式主语it，而使用likely对于主语没有特别的要求。
        　　5. Ever since the enclosures, wool and then woolen cloth
        　　had been the principle exports of England ________
        　　principle -> principal
        　　principle意为“原则”;principal可以作形容词，意为“主要的”，也可作名词，意为“校长”。此处意为“主要出口商品”，故应该使用principal。
        　　综合训练：
        　　1. and -> but
        　　根据上下文，此处应为转折关系
        　　2. other -> others
        　　这里是some….others的固定用法。
        　　3. for -> since
        　　for和since都可以表示“因为”，但是for表示原因引导得从句一般放在句末，所以在此处不对
        　　4. made -> made it
        　　句子主语是law，位于是made，easier是宾语补足语，逻辑宾语是easier后面的to get a divorce，可见此句缺少形式宾语it。
        　　5. end -> ends
        　　主语one marriage in every three 是单数，故谓语动词也要用单数。
        　　6. with -> of
        　　形容词tolerant后面只能用of。还原原句为Society is now more tolerant than it used to be ( tolerant) of unmarried people。
        　　7. the fact -> the fact that
        　　fact之后的部分是同位语从句，补充说明fact
        　　8. cause -> result
        　　s a cause of意为“作为…的原因”，as a result of意为“作为…的结果”，根据上下文语义，应该用后者。
        　　9. consist -> consisting或consist前加which或that
        　　句子结构混乱。简单句中不能同时出现两个谓语动词。
        　　10.are -> were
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