2011年6月英语四级阅读理解模拟题及解析(17)

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　　2011年6月英语四级阅读理解模拟题及解析(17)
　　It’s never easy to admit you are in the wrong. Being human, we all need to know the art of apologizing. Look back with honesty and think how often you’ve judged roughly, said __1__ things, pushed yourself ahead at the expense of a friend. Then count the occasions when you indicated clearly and __2__ that you were sorry. A bit frightening, isn’t it? Frightening because some deePwisdom in us knows that when even a small wrong has been committed, some mysterious moral feeling is __3__, and it stays out of balance until fault is acknowledged and __4__ is expressed.I remember a doctor friend, telling me about a man who came to him with a variety of signs: headaches, insomnia and stomach trouble. No __5__ cause could be found. Finally my friend said to the man, "Unless you tell me what’s worrying you, I can’t helPyou."After some hesitation, the man __6__ that, as executor of his faher’s will, he had been cheating his brother, who lived abroad, of his __7__. Then and there the wise old doctor made the man write to his brother asking __8__ and enclosing a cheque as the first stePin restoring their good relation. He then went with him to mail box in the corridor. As the letter disappeared, the man burst into tears. "Thank you," He said, "I think I’m __9__." And he was. A heartfelt apology can not only __10__ a damaged relationshiPbut also make it stronger. If you can think of someone who deserves an apology from you, someone you have wronged, or just neglected, do something about it right now.A)heal B)mental C)unkind D)regretE)accurately F)confessed G)inheritance H)physicalI)cured J)treat K)truly L)unfaithfulM)forgiveness N)disturbed O)excuse
　　Answers:1.选C)。此处应填形容词。从后面的pushed yourself ahead at the expense of a friend可知，说的是不好的话，可选项有unkind和unfaithful，但由前面的judged roughly“粗鲁的评判”可知这里表示说话时不考虑他人的感受，因此unkind“刻薄的”更加符合上下文语气。
　　2.选K)。由clearly and一词可知，此处应填副词，与closely一起修饰道歉时的情形。选项有accurately和truly,由“回想一下你曾明确地并......地表示自己歉意的场合”，能使句意通顺的是truly“真诚地”，而accurately一般表示“(数据计算得)精确地”，故排除。
　　3.选N)。it stays out of balance until...，其中it=some mysterious moral feeling可推出，出于道义上的原因，人会感到不安，故选disturbed“不安的”。而confessed“公开承认的”不符合句意。
　　4.选D)。此处应填名词。从“知道承认错误，表达......之后，才能觉得安心，”选项中只有regret“歉意”符合题意。
　　5.选H)。此处应填形容词。由headaches，insomnia(失眠)and stomach trouble可推出，可选项有mental和physical，由朋友的话“Unless... Worrying you, I can’t helPyou." 可知这个人是由于心理上的原因，而不是生理上的，故选physical即No physical cause...。
            
            

enfour

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　　6.选F)。此处应填动词。选项中的动词有confessed，cured和disturbed，但由After some hesitation可推出，此人是在向医生坦白情况，故选择confessed“坦白”。
　　7.选G)。此处应填名词。由as executor of his father’s will可推知，此处说明的是，在遗产继承方面，他一直在欺骗他居住在国外的兄弟，故只有选项inheritance符合题意。
　　8.选M)。此处应填名词。由restoring their good relation可推知，他是写信给他兄弟请求原谅，故选项中只有forgiveness符合题意。选项中excuse用作名词时，一般解释为“理由，借口”而没有“原谅”的意思，故排除。
　　9.选I)。由第二段最后一句waht’s worrying you和这个人的感情Thank you可推出，此处说明的是医生治好了他的心病，选项中只有cured符合题意。
　　10.选A)。此处应填动词的圆形。But also make it stronger“使人际关系更加稳固”，it指代a damaged relationship，由此可知，空格处应填表示“修复”的词，选项中的heal则有“治愈，修复”的意思，符合原文意思。treat一般专指医学上的治疗，用在此处不合适。　
　　导读：
　　It’s never easy to admit you are in the wrong. Being human, we all need to know the art of apologizing. Look back with honesty and think how often you’ve judged roughly, said C)unkind things, pushed yourself ahead at the expense of a friend. Then count the occasions when you indicated clearly and K)truly that you were sorry. A bit frightening, isn’t it? Frightening because some deePwisdom in us knows that when even a small wrong has been committed, some mysterious moral feeling is N)disturbed, and it stays out of balance until fault is acknowledged and D)regret is expressed. (Frightening... and it stays...。这个句子实际是省略了it is的一个带有复杂原因状语从句的句子。原因从句中包含了一个由and 引导的并列宾语从句，在第一个宾语从句中又有一个由when引导的时间状语从句，而在第二个宾语从句中包含一个由until引导的时间状语从句。)
　　I remember a doctor friend, telling me about a man who came to him with a variety of signs: headaches, insomnia and stomach trouble. No H)physical cause could be found. Finally my friend said to the man, "Unless you tell me what’s worrying you, I can’t helPyou."After some hesitation, the man F)confessed that, as executor of his faher’s will, he had been cheating his brother, who lived abroad, of his G)inheritance. Then and there the wise old doctor made the man write to his brother asking M)forgiveness and enclosing a cheque as the first stePin restoring their good relation. He then went with him to mail box in the corridor. As the letter disappeared, the man burst into tears. "Thank you," He said, "I think I’m I)cured." And he was. A heartfelt apology can not only A)heal a damaged relationshiPbut also make it stronger. If you can think of someone who deserves an apology from you, someone you have weonged, or just neglected, do something about it right now.(If you can think... or just neglected...。这是一个复合句，If引导条件状语从句，条件从句中包含两个宾语从句，一个是由who引导的定语从句，另一个是省略了关系代词的定语从句，即you have wronged, or just neglected。)
            
            

enfour

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　　全文翻译：
　　要承认你自己的错误，并非易事。作为人来说，我们有必要了解道歉的艺术。用诚实的态度作个回顾，想想自己曾经作过多少次粗鲁的评判，说过多少次不友好的话，或者做过多少次以牺牲朋友为代价而凸显自己的事情。然后清点一下你曾明确并诚恳地表示自己歉意的场合。事实有些令人不安，不是吗?你感到不安是因为我们从内心深处知道，即便犯了一个小小的错误，出于道德情感，会感到心神不安;非要承认错误，表达歉意之后，才能觉得安心。我记得我的一位当医生的朋友，告诉我有个人找他看病。这个人表现出几种不同的症状，头疼，失眠，胃疼，但又找不到任何生理方面的原因。最后，利伯医生对这个人说，“除非你告诉我你的烦恼，否则我帮不了你。”片刻犹豫之后，这个人坦言，作为他父亲遗嘱的执行人，在遗产继承方面，他一直在欺骗他居住在国外的兄弟。当场，这位明智的老医生就要求这个人给他的兄弟写信请求宽恕，并附支票一张作为恢复他们友好关系的第一步。然后，医生陪这个人到走廊里的邮箱去寄信。当信寄出后，此人放声大哭，“非常感谢，”他说，“我想我痊愈了。”他的确好了。真心诚意的道歉不仅能修复已经遭到破坏的人际关系，而且能使这种关系变得更加稳固。如果你想起了某个值得你道歉的人，或者你冤枉过的或仅仅是忽视了的人，那么现在就快去道个歉吧。阅读文章的结构了解文章的结构，能够让我们在阅读时更迅速地把握文章的脉络和文章主旨，对于提高做题效率更有重要意义。 文章的结构模式大体上分为四类。这四类文章在一篇文章中并不是独立存在的，有时往往是几种段落结构模式交织在一起。总分型 这类文章遵循从观点到材料，从抽象到具体的逻辑法则，其基本框架是先总论后分论，中心论点出现在分论之前。问题解决型 首先说明情况和背景，然后提出问题，接着作出反应，也就是解决问题，当然问题也可能没有解决或没有完全解决，最后给予适当的评价或者分析。总体布局上有时会舍去背景部分或评价部分。匹配型 段落的发展主线为两种事物之间的类比：两种论点概论----一种论点----另一种论点;或者是现象----一种事物----另一种事物----得出结论。作者一般不发表态度和结论。假设真实型 文章结构模式是：假设观点----进行反驳----作者观点。作者往往在文中开头即提出一种观点或主张，然后从赞同与反对两个方面进行反驳或澄清，经过论证之后才提出作者本人的观点。