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真题
"你要茶还是咖啡?"是用餐人常被问到的问题。许多西方人会选咖啡，而中国人则会选茶。相传，中国的一位帝王于五千年前发现了茶，并用来治病，在明清(The Qing Dynasties)期间，茶馆遍布全国，饮茶在六世纪传到日本，但直到18世纪才传到欧美。如今，茶是世界上最流行的饮料(beverage)之一，茶是中国的瑰宝，也是中国传统和文化的重要组成部分。
答案
"Would you like tea or coffee?"This is a question which is frequently asked to dinning people. A great many western people would choose coffee while Chinese people would prefer tea. It is said that a Chinese emperor have discovered tea five thousand years ago and used it to cure illness. During the Ming and Qing Dynasties, tea houses were widespread throughout the country. Having been introduced to Japan in 6th Century, tea-drinking didn't spread to Europe and America until 18th century. Nowadays, tea is one of the most popular beverages in the world. It is not only the treasure of China, but also an important component of Chinese traditional culture.
点评
1. "你要茶还是咖啡？"是用餐人常被问到的问题。
这一句除了考标点符号，还涉及到餐桌礼仪用语，如果翻译成"Do you want tea or coffee?"的话，从语法上分析没有错，但相对不够委婉。因此译成"Would you like tea or coffee?"或者"Which one would you prefer, tea or coffee?"会更礼貌。至于后半句，"是用餐人常被问到的问题"，其主语是引号中的句子，如果单独翻译，应该先把主语补充完整，组成一个主系表结构。即 This is a question which do sth. 把定语填上去就是This is a question which is frequently asked to dinning people.
2. 许多西方人会选咖啡，而中国人则会选茶。
这个句子有两个分句，因此要先分析它们的逻辑关系，找到连接词，得出A do sth, while B do sth.的结构或者A do sth, but B do sth.的结构。这句话相对比较简单，相信考生们都能基本写对。可以译成A great many western people would choose coffee while Chinese people would prefer tea.
3. 相传，中国的一位帝王于五千年前发现了茶，并用来治病。
从这一句开始过渡茶的历史，对大部分考生来说，内容相对生疏，应持求稳心态，把句子结构写对，词汇没出错。"相传"是中国特色引出历史的词汇，无须直译，翻译成英文中的"听说"，也就是It is said that即可。That 后面引导真正的主语是"中国的一位帝王于五千年前发现了茶，并用来治病"，先分析句子结构应该是一个人做了两个动作，其中第一个动作有个"了"字，表示已经完成，因此可以写成sb have done A and did B. 如果对分词作状语比较熟练的同学也可以写成having done A, sb did B的形式。因此，翻译有两个版本：It is said that a Chinese emperor have discovered tea five thousand years ago and used it to cure illness. 或者It is said that having discovered tea five thousand years ago, a Chinese emperor used it to cure illness.
4. 在明清(the Qing Dynasties)期间，茶馆遍布全国，饮茶在六世纪传到日本，但直到18世纪才传到欧美。
这句话的考点是一个句号了集中了四个分句，首先要把断开，翻译成两个句子。第一个句子包括"在明清期间，茶馆遍布全国"。这里生词已经给出，而且和样题相似度很大，应该是难度最小的一句。可以译成 During the Qing Dynasties, tea houses were all over the country. 或者 During the Ming and Qing Dynasties, tea houses were widespread throughout the country. 而"饮茶在六世纪传到日本，但直到18世纪才传到欧美"合成一句，真题第三句话的结构一样，即一个主语先后做了两个动作，不过难度加大是在于这两个动作都是被动的。因此可以译成Having been introduced to Japan in 6th Century, tea-drinking didn't spread to Europe and America until 18th century.
5. 如今，茶已经变成了全世界最流行的饮料(beverage)之一。
这句话和样题相似度也非常高，因难度不大，可以译成Nowadays, tea is one of the most popular beverages in the world.
6. 茶是中国的瑰宝，也是中国传统和文化的重要组成部分。
这句话依然是一个主语两个动作，而且这个主句和上一句相同，在段落翻译中可以直接用代词，即写成It is not only A, but also B. 也就是It is not only the treasure of China, but also an important component of Chinese traditional culture.
四级备考攻略：
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发表于 2016-7-11 18:15:11
