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第一部分、语法讲义
2003年6月的四级考试题型变革，把长期以来作为重点考查的语法减至一题。非谓语动词、虚拟语气、关系代词、时态语态等等这些长期以来考点已经被打入冷宫。之后的考试语法题基本消失。我们在配置自己的有限备考时间也应有所调整。
语法之于英语学习的重要性实际上并没有如何降低，在语言知识运用(完形填空等)、作文、阅读长难句分析方面起到的作用是不可替代的。因此我们要抓住复习的重点，集中突破在各个题型最容易出问题的语法点。
该部分将主要结合阅读理解长难句分析来快速掌握语法的精髓。很多时候，我们准确定位之后，由于和问题相关的句子长、难，造成最终理解错误而选错答案，这非常可惜，连前面定位的时间都浪费了。能否快速有效的抓住定位句子的主干大意和次要细节实际已经成为阅读分数高低的一个关键问题。
第一节、解决四级英语长难句的意义
?1、阅读，抓不住句子重点，在一个句子上浪费太多时间。最后根据不完整的理解，碰运气乱猜答案。
?2、翻译，提笔不知从哪里下手；胡乱写几行，卷面乱，不知所云，影响印象分。
(一)长难句到底难在哪里？ --几句废话般的常识。
1)结构复杂，逻辑层次多;
2)单词意思常需根据上下文判断;
3)代词的指代关系复杂;
4)并列成分多;
5)修饰语多，特别是后置定语很长;
6)习惯搭配。
注：以上情况有可能单独出现，更多是“团伙作案”。
(二)长难句的破解的几个基本要点
?把握规律(按照所讲的基本方法)
?充分利用现有语法、词汇知识，提高知识的产出效率。
?破解核心是化繁为简，化难为易。
(三)长难句解决的具体步骤
1、抓主干
2、理顺主从句子关系。
(四)分析句子成分的详细过程
1)找出全句主谓宾或主系表，即句子的主干;
2)找出句中所有的谓语结构、非谓语结构、介词短语和从句的引导词;
3)分析从句和短语的功能，例如，是否为主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句或状语从句等;以及词，短语和从句之间的关系;
4)分析句子中是否有固定词组或固定搭配、插入语等其他成分。
第二节、长句速读
同位语和较长的后置定语(如人物身份，句子中间的非限制性定语从句)，很长的专有名词(如机构名称)等。这些信息需要用跳读(skip)的方法，略去不读。
在文章里，经常会出现此类文字信息，目的是为了干扰视线。实际，没有必要去弄明白某人是什么大学的什么教授，也不必急着去了解美国一个部门全称或缩写是什么具体意思，因为题目中极少直接考这样的细节信息。做题时即使需要此类信息，利用人名或其它专有名词都是开头字母大写的特征很容易找到。
例如：
People assume that office politics involves some manipulative (工于心计的)behavior,” says Deborah Comer, an assistant professor of management at Hofstra University. (2004年6月)
A recent study, published in last week’s Journal of the American Medical Association, offers a picture of how risky it is to get a lift from a teenage driver. (2003年9月)
划线部分的信息可以一扫而过，目光不需要在上面停留细读。
第二节、长句解剖法
一、找长句主干，常需反其道而行之。
?你能一眼挑出长句的主谓宾/主系表？
?主语易寻、谓语难找！
?怎么办？
?先去枝叶，主干立现！
方法：去枝去叶；水落石出
?枝：各类从句，标志有;
?名词和代词后面的That; who; when; where等关系词、连接词。
?叶：
?1. 各类插入语，标志为两个逗号。
?2. 各类介词短语。
句型一：从句连环套
?最麻烦的句子--从句套从句怎么办？
?破解法：使用汉语连环套，顺而解之。
?基本结构：A, AB, BC, CD
The child A
A who is raised in an environment B
B where there are many stimuli C
C which develop his or her capacity for appropriate responses D
will experience greater intellectual development.
建立汉语接龙(连环套)
?A: 孩子A
?AB:孩子A生活在环境里B
?BC:环境里B有刺激因素C
?CD:刺激因素C开发他/她做出正确反应的能力D
?大家发现了什么规律？
?接龙连接处为先行词和引导词，两者在逻辑含意上指的是同一事物！
这样简化的目的在于减少信息处理的复杂程度，加快解题速度。
下一步就是根据英语句子的意思，调整汉语的句子结构。
本句的解决方案是快速合并相同信息。
至此，我们经历了一个拆分(英语)过程。
句型二：短语众多
1.标志很明显，快刀斩乱麻，剔除所有介词短语，类似同位语的成分。
2.合理预测句子主干的走向。
3.依据是什么？
4.固定搭配的一部分！通常是比较简单的。
5.看到more你首先会想到哪个单词？
6.看到as, rather, as well,呢？
例句：
?For a family of four, for example,
?it is more convenient as well as cheaper to sit comfortably at home,
?with almost unlimited entertainment available,
?than to go out
?in search of amusement elsewhere.
?提示：是关于看电视的文章。
?该句主干易确定，it is more A than B.
二、主句简单，而短语众多的句子，需耐心层层剥开。
例1：
What refrigeration(冷藏技术)did effectively promote was marketing --marketing hardware and electricity, marketing soft drinks, marketing dead bodies of animals around the globe in search of a good price.
What refrigeration(冷藏技术) did effectively promote
was marketing
--marketing hardware and electricity, marketing soft drinks, marketing dead bodies of animals
around the globe
in search of a good price.
例2：
Tracking whales is but one example of an exciting new world just opening to civilian scientists after the cold war as the Navy starts to share and partly uncover its global network of underwater listening system built over the decades to track the ships of potential enemies.
三、注意语境陷阱：
对策：看清上下文，确定关键词义。
The fridge is considered a necessity. It has been so since the 1960s when packaged food first appeared with the label: “store in the refrigerator.”
In my fridgeless fifties childhood, I was fed well and healthily.
按照刚才讲的步骤做：
1.把句子快速切割，抓出重点。
2.必要时写下主干汉语意思。
第三节、长难句解剖练习
注意：除以上基本方法外，必须配合逻辑分析(尤其是连词、惯用搭配结构的使用)。
1. The reality that has blocked my path to becoming the typical successful student is that engineering and the liberal arts simply don't mix as easily as
I assumed in high school.
2. Robert Foss, a scientist at the University of North Carolina Highway Safety Research Center, says the higher death rates for teenage drivers have less to do with “really stupid behavior” than with just a lack of driving experience.
3. Both he and the author of the study believe that the way to mitigate (缓解)the problem is to have states institute so-called graduated licensing systems, in which getting a license is a multistage process.
4. What is most important, different layers of ocean water can act as channels for sounds, focusing them in the same way a stethoscope (听诊器) does when it carries faint noises from a patient’s chest to a doctor’s ear.
5. The key to preventing or treating behavior problems is learning to teach the dog to redirect its normal behavior to outlets that are acceptable in the domestic setting.
6. Non-smokers remembered 19 percent more of the most important information than active smokers, and deprived smokers bested those who had smoked a cigarette just before testing.
7. Deeply involved with this new technology is a breed of modern businesspeople who have a growing respect for the economic value of doing business abroad.
8. The employee posted abroad who speaks the country's principal language has an opportunity to fast-forward certain negotiations, and can have the cultural insight to know when it is better to move more slowly.
9. Historically, most physical-fitness tests have usually included measures of muscular strength and endurance, not for health-related reasons, but primarily because such fitness components have been related to performance in athletics.
10. “But those who want to ban the bomb for American citizens claim that if you have one locked in the cabinet, with the fuse in a drawer, you would never be able to assemble it in time to stop an intruder (侵入者)”.
11. The report cites two main causes: increasing physical isolation―brought on by high divorce rates and less involvement in community, among other things―and a growing perception that the world is a more dangerous place.
第四节、利用语法分析准确理解句子
语法分析在阅读中发挥举足轻重的应用，在做题时进行精确句子分析，可以极大提高选择的准确率。
1. Training should be fun and rewarding for you and your dog. It can enrich your relationship and make living together more enjoyable. A well-trained dog is more confident and can more safely be allowed a greater amount of freedom than an untrained animal.
Question: When a dog has received effective obedience training, its owner ____.
A) can give the dog more rewards
B) will enjoy a better family life
C) can give the dog more freedom
D)will have more confidence in himself
2. Heroes are catalysts (催化剂) for change. They have a vision from the mountaintop. They have the skill and the charm to move the masses. They create new possibilities. Without Gandhi, India might still be part of the British Empire. Without Rosa Parks and Martin Luther King, Jr., we might still have segregated (隔离的) buses, restaurants, and parks. It may be possible for large-scale change to occur without leaders with magnetic personalities, but the pace of change would be slow, the vision uncertain, and the committee meetings endless.
Question: Gandhi and Martin Luther King are typical examples of outstanding leaders who _____.
A) are good at demonstrating their charming characters
B) can move the masses with their forceful speeches
C) are capable of meeting all challenges and hardships
D) can provide an answer to the problems of their people
3. A Labour Party Member of the Parliament, Mike Foster, is trying to get Parliament to approve a new law which will make the hunting of wild animals with dogs illegal. If the law is passed, wild animals like foxes will be protected under the ban in Britain.
A new law may be passed by the British Parliament to ________.
A) prohibit farmers from hunting foxes
B) forbid hunting foxes with dogs
C) stop hunting wild animals in the countryside
D) prevent large-scale fox hunting
第五节、利用词法、语法解其它题型
一、阅读中词汇题
词汇题里考到的词汇通常有两种情况：一种是超过大纲的生词；一种是简单词汇，但意义不常见。解这类题的最基本的方法是利用上下文来猜测词汇的大体意思，然后对照选项挑选最接近的表达。
解词汇题有几种常见的技巧：
(1)复述或例证
First, Americans as a whole tend to be fairly provincial and take more of an interest in local affairs. Knowledge of world geography, for example, has never been strong in this country.
The word “provincial” most probably means _____.(1999年6月)
A) limited in outlook B) like people from the provinces
C) rigid in thinking D) interested in world financial affairs
解题思路：provincial后面的并列句子take more of an interest in local affairs是对provincial一词的复述。“对地方事务更感兴趣”表明provincial就是狭隘。A是最好的解释。后面举例子是确认第一推测的双保险。
(2)比较与对比
The fourth test required people to read a passage, then answer questions about it. Non-smokers remembered 19 percent more of the most important information than active smokers, and deprived smokers bested those who had smoked a cigarette just before testing. Active smokers tended not only to have poorer memories but also had trouble separating important information from insignificant details. (1998年6月)
The word“bested”(Line 3, Para. 5) most probably means _______.
A) beat B) envied C) caught up with D) made the best of
解题思路：
原文中考查单词bested出现在比较句中，句子直译为“受限制吸烟者____了测试前刚抽过一根烟的人”。这个句子是并列句的后半部分，因此与前面的语义应该有平行关系。前文意思是“不吸烟的人比常吸烟的人多记住19%的最重要信息”。因此根据句式要求，后面bested所在句子也应该是甲大于/多于乙的关系。故A为正确选项。
二、15选10文章填空
利用语法常识快速缩小范围，方法是根据“左邻右里”确定所缺词汇所充当的句子成分、词性。看下例。
In recent years, many Americans of both sexes and 1 ages have become interested in improving their bodies. They have become 2 to physical fitness. The need to exercise has almost become compulsive with many people who have a strong 3 to ‘be more physically fit’.
By nature, Americans are enthusiastic and energetic about their hobbies and pastimes. They typically 4 this enthusiasm, and energy to jogging, running or other exercises. As a result, there are running clubs or gyms to join and many books and magazines to read about 5 fit.
The wish to be physically fit is explained by a “passion” for good health. The high rate of heart attacks in the 1960s caused a sharp 6 on the part of the public in improving their bodies. Nowadays, middle-aged men, in particular, 7 a lot from heart attacks. Consequently, they are one group strongly interested in more physical exercise.
In fact, many doctors 8 their patients to become more physically 9 , especially those who have sedentary (坐着的) jobs. It is interesting to note that the rate of heart attacks began to decrease in the 1970s and it is still decreasing. Physical fitness 10 enjoys a favored role in the United States. It is a new “love” that many Americans have treasured. Will this last long？Only time can tell--or until another “new passion” appears.
A) keeping I) alwaysB) increase J) benefitC) consistently K) applyD) currently L) desireE) devoted M) encourageF) decrease N) challenging G) active O) variousH) suffer
第二部分、词汇讲义
一、扫除词汇死角、不择手段背单词
1. 下载词汇表，编辑、打印成便携式卡片。
2. 在每张卡片上注明背诵及每次复习的时间。
3. 每次复习时遮住汉语注释部分，能说出汉语意义即为通过，否则做个记号，重点复习。
3. 随时随地，走火入魔式复习。要善于利用零碎时间(3-5分钟)为复习一张卡片时间。
10.22背 10.23复1 10.26复2 11.4复3abandon/ ?’b?nd?n/ vt.丢弃；放弃，抛弃aboard/ ?’b?:d/ ad.在船(车)上；上船absolute/ ‘?bs?lu:t/ a.绝对的；纯粹的absolutely/ ‘?bs?lu:tli/ ad.完全地；绝对地absorb/ ?b’s?:b/ vt.吸收；使专心abstract/ ’?bstr?kt/ n.摘要abundant/ ?’bΛnd?nt/ a.丰富的；大量的abuse/ ?’bju:z, ?’bju:s/ vt.滥用；虐待 n.滥用academic/ ?k?’demik/ a.学院的；学术的accelerate/ ?k’sel?reit/ vt.(使)加快；促进access/ ‘?kses/ n.接近；通道，入口accidental/ ?ksi’dentl/ a.偶然的；非本质的accommodate/ ?’k?m?deit/ vt.容纳；供应，供给
二、常见同义词用法错误辨析
多数中国学生由于平时背单词时只记汉语解释，而词典或词汇表中汉语的解释非常笼统，很多英语单词的汉语解释相同或类似，结果使很多单词被误认为是同义词，最后在选择词汇题和选词造句时就出现了严重的问题！
下面几个单词的用法在收集的错误中比例非常高,而在表达时由于其使用频率很高,因此必须保证在这些地方多加小心。注意下面列举的用法错误(划线部分的)属于词汇用法问题，而不是语法结构问题。
启示：词典(英汉、汉英、电子)的正确使用方法。
一、单词错误
(一)名词错误
1. How perfect your personal technology, if you don’t work …, you’ll lose the match. (skills)
2. …, I will make the distance short between the rich and the poor in my hometown. (gap)
3. Only one short sentence can encourage her/his child very much. (a few words)
4. You will have a cheerful emotion (mood)
5. Since…, people’s life level is improving fast. (living standard)
6. People chatting online are not telling each other the true word. (truth)
7. If a person doesn’t want to talk about or tell their heart-thing to his friends,… (worries/concers/cares)
8. he would have some spiritual barricade. (mental breakdown)
9. In the rainy weather, the cases (road conditions) are especially terrible. (things)表示情况的词汇辨析：case, circumstance, situation,
10. Just like playing games, one mark will let you lose. (point)比较score, result,mark,point.
(二)形容词错误
1. In my opinion, to be a good parent is…for her/his child. This thought is so easy. (simplistic)
2. If you don’t want to lead an easy life, work hard! (simple/ordinary)
3. He told me he wanted to call me when I was convenient, but I was cheated. (available/free)
4. The fire was coming to them, so all of them were very dangerous. (in danger)
5. After this incident, I was very painful and did not want to go to school. (upset)
6. Prices are much cheaper in street markets. (lower)
7. If you are high level, you will be noticed by others quickly. (outstanding)
8. …they know they must learn about the past, they should be hard. (hard-working)
9. As far as my English is concerned, my vocabulary is too little. (limited)
10. Eating outside is not as economic as cooking and eating at home. (economical)
11. Receiving the results, my mind was completely empty. (blank)
12. Hearing his words, my heart became very complex. (heavy)
(三)动词和动词短语
1. They think: “I must can’t pass the exam whatever it is, so I give up.” (delete)
2. TV watchers, like me, don’t like the programs to be broken by the ads. (interrputed)
3. A man who is too proud must not take other people’s advice. (will definitely )
4. Because…, he must meet all sorts of difficulties and obstacles. (will surely/definitely)
5. Only when you insist working hard, can you realize your ideal. (keep)
6. I was very angry that she doubted that I cheated in her exam. (suspected)
7. If that’s the case, our hometown must become more beautiful in the future. (will definitely)
(四)副词
1. Especially, science and technology are highly important and emphasized. (Particularly)
2. Only this, they can make the distant with children short. (thus/in this way)
二、搭配错误
(一)动词+名词搭配错误(动词与名词不搭配)
1. Teamwork spirit is very important, especially when you attend the match such as football match. (participate in)
2. Her father received the telephone and told me that she…and I felt very … (answered)
3. This certainly effects the people’s lives; they can choose any kind if they want. (affect)
4. All these could effect the marks of the exam and might make them unable to study in a school a whole year. (affect)
5. It seemed that no one who can cause my attention. (attract)
6. It (maths problem) was that hard that (it) spent him a whole night. (took)
7. It is students’ duty to study knowledge at university.(acquire)
8. Love is not all about roses, every one has to work to maintain his/her life. (sustain)
9. All parents want their kids to accept good education. (receive)
10. The old man appreciated him very much. (liked)
11. Because it is still exist and effect you. (affect)
12. Some freshmen are trying to suit the new school. (adapt to)
13. Internet also effects one’s health. (affects)
14. When we touch the other people in the society, … (are in contact with)
15. At the same time you omit the friends around you. (ignore)
16. …, but we can’t speak our unhappiness to other people… (tell)
17. I dream one day, the farmers go abroad to study new knowledge. (acquire)
18. So it is important to raise the friendship between people. (promote)
19. Now we are learning knowledge in the university, self-confidence can help us… (acquiring)
20. Why did he (Bill Gates) receive so great success? (achieve)
21. …and you also must know how it (TV) effects our living. (affects)
22. On my first day at college, I met many new faces. (saw)
23. I think the educational department should light the students’ burden. (reduce/lighten)
24. It not only expands our eyes, (widens)
25. My mother is very patient and not afraid me add trouble. (make trouble)
26. Young people worship stars blindly so they will miss themselves. (lose)
27. If we don’t delete the examinations, quality education is an empty word. (abolish)
(二)及物、不及物动词混用
1. I pity XXX very much when I heard that father divorced with her mother ... (divorced)
2. Some students are very lazy and only prepare the exams ... (prepare for)
3. I usually relax myself by listening to light music. (delete)
4. In classroom, we often argue questions to enlarge our minds. (argue over)
5. I disagree the opinion “leaning about the past has no … in the present”. (disagree with)
6. To me, I prefer to agree the latter one. (agree to)
7. A good parent shouldn’t interfere his child’s life too much. (interfere in)
8. If the consumers complain the quality of the products, … (complain about)
9. I don’t believe fate because the road is under your foot. (believe in)
10. I felt very angry that he said I did not care him. (care about)
(三)形容词+名词搭配
1. In modern society, people’s nervous work often makes them too tired. (intense)
2. If you are not confident, you’ll never face the cruel competition in the society. (fierce)
3. My hometown, a small village with hard-working and simple-minded people. (pure and honest)
4. First, the advanced school and high level teachers are needed. (well-qualified)
5. It is better not to be romantic in our realistic life. (real)
6. We all expected him to be a black horse in the football match against class2. (dark)
7. Now the summer holiday is over, and nervous study life has begun. (intense)
8. In big cities, there is always crowded traffic, while in the countryside… (heavy/congested)
(四) 汉语成语的影响
1. I am eighteen years old and I am the pearl on my parents’ palm. (apple of my parents’ eye)
2. Plain face towards sky is my habit. (Wearing no make up/ Chinese phrase ‘sumianchaotian’)
3. A parent mustn’t pick shoots to help growth. (spoil children by excessive enthusiasm)
4. It is no better than fifty paces laughing at 100 paces. (the pot calls the kettle black)
5. All parents look their sons to be dragons and (expect their sons to be talents)
6. (All parents look…) their daughters to be phoenix. (expect their daughters to be talents)
7. If you don’t admit this point, you are stealing bell covering ears. (deceiving yourself)
(五) 未归类错误
1. …and we are always having touch with each other. (keeping)
2. I think it is very right to say pride leads to failure. (quite)
3. If I can change, I will extend the small factories in my hometown and ... (expand)
4. He committed suicide three times and at last he decided to live on to struggle. (attempted)
自我总结：
1、平日记忆单词的习惯; 2、平日使用词典的习惯; 3、改进的方案;
四级词汇精练240题
本部分有四级词汇练习8套，共计240题，囊括四级核心常考词汇，词组，为四级考试完型、阅读、写作、听力等各个部分提供强有力的词汇支持。
这些词汇练习的目的在于培养一种良好的解题思路和习惯--立足词汇最基本的含义，提高现有词汇知识的利用率。冷静处理看似意思相同的选项，这都需要在做题时有清晰的解题程序和思考方法。
通过提供的意群和语境来判断，不能简单地望文生义，四级词汇题很多选项干扰性很强，。
注意：这些词汇的用法也经常在完型填空里考查，短语也常出现在阅读理解中，一定要融会贯通，为四级考试以及未来其它考试打下良好的基础！
Exercise One
1. In the wife’s eyes, his _____ to their marriage life is far from perfect.
A) requirement B) commitment C) participation D) reflection
2. In the event of SARS, some _____ it while others lost their courage to do anything about it.
A) came up to B) lived up to C) faced up to D) caught up to
3. Experts have _____ with some effective measures to prevent the disease from spreading.
A) caught up B) put up C) come up D) kept up
4. If people feel hopeless, they don’t bother to _____ the skills they need to succeed.
A) require B) inquire C) acquire D) enquire
5. As a result of his hard work, he has gained ______ to the Beijing University.
A) admission B) commitment C) opportunity D) reward
6. In the advanced course students must take performance tests at monthly ____.
A) gapsB) lengths C) distancesD) intervals
7. Only when one is ______ of one’s getting behind is one more likely to catch up.
A) critical B) aware C) visual D) effective
8. He had a ____ look in his eyes. He must have been shocked.
A) empty B) bare C) blank D) hollow
9. As an ideal _____ to the spread of SARS, this medicine is now in great demand.
A) barrier B) commitment C) challenge D) access
10. When her business goes wrong, she tends to _____ for advice.
A) get access to B) come across C) reach out D) speak up
11. The most important for us now is to _____ what is to be done next.
A) allow of B) reflect on C) feel like D) remind of
12. American women were ____ the right to vote until 1920 after many years of hard struggle.
A) ignored B) refused C) neglectedD) denied
13. Good habits of living have proved to be of much _____ to our health.
A) barrier B) benefit C) immunity D) commitment
14. The medicine the doctor gave me ____ my headache.
A) reduced B) improved C) releasedD) relieved
15. As a(n) _____ job, it requires much time and commitment and persistence.
A) unwilling B) demanding C) embarrassing D) frustrating
16. The _____ to be better than others drives him to work harder than before.
A) uniqueness B) eagerness C) awareness D) effectiveness
17. While studying he was financially dependent ____ his wife.
A) onB) of C) toD) from
18. Anyone that goes against the social order is _____ to answer for his action.
A) possible B) probably C) likely D) normally
19. There is much that can be done about the accidents _____ from carelessness.
A) arose B) arisen C) arising D) arise
20. _____ his sister, Jack is quiet and does not easily make friends with others.
A) Dislike B) Unlike C) Alike D) Liking
21. More new _____ will be opened up in the job market for those with a good CET6 score report.
A) opportunities B) necessities C) realities D) probabilities
22. Unlike the problems I _____ in high school, I have few chances to speak English in class at college.
A) came across B) came about C) came after D) came of
23. Now that they have not done anything ______ about the situation, it shows no evidence to return to normal.
A) unique B) effective C) absolute D) sequential
24. He ____ the medicine quickly and then drank some orange juice.
A) sucked B) swallowed C) lickedD) digested
25. These products are _____ for export, though a few of them may come into home markets.
A) completely B) absolutely C) essentially D) necessarily
26. The team’s attempt to win the game was _____ by the opposing goalkeeper.
A) shocked B) frustrated C) given up D) caught up
27. He is quite sure that it’s _____ impossible for him to fulfill the task within two days.
A) fully B) exclusively C) absolutely D) roughly
28. The police wanted her to describe all the events of that morning in _____.
A) time B) addition C) sequence D) place
29. Thanks to the Internet, we can share sorrow and happiness at each other’s home through the _____ of e-mail.
A) role B) medium C) modem D) sequence
30. In their own eyes, it is rather _____ that the medical community as a whole still has little idea about the cause of SARS.
A) rewarding B) demanding C) embarrassing D) requiring
Exercise Two
1. On the conference, representatives from different countries _________ different viewpoints on this international issue.
A) put out B) put off C) put forth D) put down
2. The _____ of the seasons has long been observed by people in all parts of the world.
A) rhythm B) regulation C) click D) identity
3. Our research has focused on a drug which is so _____ as to be able to change brain chemistry.
A) influential B) monstrous C) vigorous D) powerful
4. The footballer made a(n) _____ gesture, which made the audience’s blood boil.
A) immature B) offering C) offensive D) hesitative
5. However, at times this balance in nature is ____, resulting in a number of possible unforeseen effects.
A) troubled B) disturbed C) confused D) disgusted
6. As he was unaware of the complexity of this problem, his choice was quite ____.
A) rational B) arbitrary C) mechanical D) unpredictable
7. Tax cuts are the most important _____ the government has for stimulating the economy.
A) instruction B) equipment C) instrument D) stuff
8. Spitting on the ground is not only ______ but also harmful to others’ health.
A) shaming B) banging C) grabbing D) disgusting
9. The residents here complain that they have been intensely _____ by the endless noises from the building sites for weeks.
A) annoyed B) pierced C) wrapped D) destroyed
10. The news made many students ______ that many universities still bind the issue of diploma with their CET4 results.
A) awful B) upset C) tuneless D) lucky
11. It is not surprising that in modern times the _______ in this month may be out of date in next.
A) fashion B) anchor C) section D) brow
12. The idea of winning the eyes of the people around ____ powerfully to some youngsters, so they are eagerly identifying themselves.
A) sticks B) holds C) attract D) appeals
13. We are expecting to see that the concerted research work will come up with a _____ solution to the problem.
A) permanent B) perspective C) persistent D) persuasive
14. He made ______ alterations to his house and then sold it at a huge profit.
A) offensive B) horrible C) radical C) patient
15. Although there is no easy cure for this fatal disease at present, some of its causes have been ______by experts.
A) rebelled B) distracted C) bolted D) identified
16. A positive answer makes you feel good, but a(n) ______ one teaches you a lot.
A) affirmative B) negative C) offensive D) tuneless
17. At the early stage of a child’s development, the family tends to have a greater _____ on him than his school.
A) instrument B) identity C) communication D) influence
18. Mr. Henderson was determined to remain _____. He neither stood on his wife’s side nor on his mother’s side.
A) natural B) neutral C) nervous D) native
19. It is a common practice in western countries that one must make a(n) _____ before seeing his doctor or visiting a friend.
A) offer B) appointment C) make up D) toast
20. When she was told that her cat was killed by the neighbor’s dog, the old lady _____ tears.
A) reached for B) bolted out C) burst into D) turn on
21.Writing is a slow process, requiring ____ thought, time and effort.
A) significant B) considerable C) great D) numerous
22. Thank you for applying for a position with our firm. We do not have any openings at this time, but we shall keep your application on ____ for two months.
A) pile B portion C) sequence D) file
23. Only a selected number of landladies in the neighbourhood have been allowed by the university to take in _____.
A) residents B) inhabitants C) lodgers D) settlers
24.During the conference the speaker tried to _____to them his feelings concerning the urgency of a favorable decision.
A) comply B) impose C) imply D) convey
25. He ____ his control by making his students quiet.
A) assessed B) asserted C) acquired D) monitored
26. If you want to get into that tunnel, you first have to ____ away all the rocks.
A) repel B) pull C) transfer D) dispose
27.Do you believe these two ____ friends used to be bitter enemies?
A) intimateB) emotional C) intenseD) supreme
28. Although most dreams apparently happen______, dream activity may be provoked by external influences.
A) spontaneously B) simultaneously C) homogeneously D)instantaneously
29. According to the instructions we received, we cannot accept photocopies(复印件), but need the ___
A) source B) resources C) origin D) original
30. _____ the popular belief that classical music is too complex, it achieves a simplicity that only a genius can create.
A) Subject to B) Contrary to C) Familiar to D) Similar to
Exercise Three
1. He is late again today. I’ll ____ that he will not be late tomorrow.
A) refer to it B) look to him C) see to it D) turn to it
2. As he had worked in the army as an electrical engineer for many years, he had every ____ for the job.
A) privilegeB) obligation C) qualificationD) quality
3. After the disaster, the truth ____ us that a healthy habit of living can keep one away from some terrible diseases.
A) focused upon B) imposed upon C) dawned upon D) leaned upon
4. After failing the exams three times, Jack realized that he’d never ____in English.
A) see to it B) attain it C) catch it D) make it
5. Susan has not been officially ____ to Johnson.
A) engaged B) occupied C) practiced D) undertaken
6. After so many years, he still ____ the hope that his lost son would return one day.
A) clang to B) clung to C) inclined to D) subjected to
7. The action of cheating in an examination would ____ you ____ severe punishment.
A) cause…to B) subject…to C) turn…to D) take…to
8. This article ____more attention to the problem of cultural interference in foreign language teaching and learning.
A) calls for B) applies for C) cares for D) allows for
9. I don’t think that your watch is ____.
A) worthy the price B) worth the price C) worthy to buy D) worth to buy
10. He is ____ a very old man but in fact he is only fifty years old.
A) apparently B) evidently C) absolutely D) actually
11. It is not polite to ____ a speaker with frequent questions.
A) interpret B) intervene C) interrupt D) interfere
12. Their daughter often turns a deaf ear to their inquiries, so they sometimes have to ____ answers from her.
A) interrupt B) exchange C) squeeze D) exit
13. His constant failures in love finally threw him off his ____ of mind.
A) mood B) engagement C) sympathy D) balance
14. My camera can be ____ to take pictures in cloudy or sunny conditions.
A) adapted B) adjusted C) adopted D) remedied
15. Young children soon ____ words they hear their elders use.
A) put forward B) pick out C) turn upD) pick up
16. We forgave his bad temper because we know that his son’s illness had put him under great____.
A) upset B) stress C) crisis D) oppression
17. His political ______ came to an end 20 years ago.
A) occupation B) employment C) career D) profession
18. The explorer lost his way so he climbed to the top of the hill to ____himself.
A) spot B) locate C) place D) situate
19. We could see only the ____ outline of the mountain in the distance.
A) vague B) dark C) mean D) dim
20. Because the company was doing more business it was necessary to____ the factory.
A) increase B) extend C) broaden D) grow
21.The university ____ consists of full professors, associate professors and assistant professors.
A) crew B) rank C) circle D) staff
22. Due to the fact that she was naturally shy, she shrank from any ____ social and cultural activities.
A) taking part of B) study on C) success in D) participation in
23. It was no use trying to discuss business with James, who was well-known for____ everything.
A) coping with B) trifling with C) handing with D) doing well in
24. Jane is scolded by her boss because she left the office with the computer ____ yesterday.
A) on B) out C) in D) unclosed
25. In ______ to the government’s call, a great number of people from different walks of life went to the frontline to fight the flood.
A) return B) admission C) response D) order
26. I could see nothing ____ of the hall but the moans of pain told there was someone there.
A) in the dust B) in the dusk C) in the lobby D) in the exit
27. In the eyes of the teachers, the textbooks are far from ____.
A) content B) consent C) satisfied D) satisfactory
28. Due to the _______difficulty, he has to do several part-time jobs.
A. economic B. financial C. economical D. economics
29. The freshmen are very slow to ____ the strict regulations of this college.
A) react to B) relate to C) adapt to D) turn to
30. When reading books about space exploration, I often ____ man’s skill and creativeness in putting complex pieces of machinery into space.
A) tremble at B) startle at C) wander at D) amaze at
Exercise Four
1.The young people are _____ of their responsibility toward society.
A) consistent B) conscious C) sensitive D) reliable
2. The problem with your conduct is that what you do is not _____ with what you say.
A) consistent B) continuous C) considerate D) continual
3. She was so _____ with her job that she didn’t hear someone knocking at the door.
A) attracted B) drawn C) occupied D) concentrated
4. Professor Taylor’s talk has indicated that science has a very strong _____ on the everyday life of the human society.
A) motivation B) perspective C) impression D) impact
5. When she was criticized, she claimed that it was outside her _____ of responsibility.
A) field B) limit C) extent D) range
6. The world is trying every means to _____ the friendship between the two
countries.
A) raise B) promote C) arise D) protest
7. Although not an economist himself, Dr. Smith has long been a severe critic of the government’s _____ policies.
A) economical B) economy C) economic D) economics
8. His constant _____ with his peers has left its mark on his growth.
A) consent B) contract C) context D) contact
9. _____ with his new teaching method, we need to take a critical look at our traditional ones.
A) Cursed B) Depressed C) Impressed D) Fed up
10. So clear was his _____ of the case that others had no more to say.
A) attitude B) presentation C) comment D) remark
11. When business is in _____, there is usually an obvious increase in unemployment.
A) conviction B) relaxation C) depression D) competition
12. Don’t take any action until you are fully _____ with the situation there.
A) consented B) content C) obvious D) acquainted
13. It is said that the math teacher seems _____ towards bright students.
A) liable B) partial C) beneficial D) preferable
14. The clothes a person wears may express his __D__ or social position.
A) estate B) stature C) esteem D) status
15. _____ with antique furniture, the castle brought us back in time to the Middle Ages.
A) Ornamented B) Covered C) Impressed D) Improved
16. One rainy night the policeman had a chance _____ with a gang of smugglers.
A) acquaintance B) encounter C) account D) interview
17. Newspapers vary greatly in their _____ to the government.
A) attitudes B) comments C) views D) opinions
18. A defect of vision prevents him from __ ___ his eyes accurately on an object.
A) emphasizing B) relaxing C) focusing D) achieving
19. In most cases, the _____ of a person who sits on a pin is to leap into the air.
A) reaction B) behavior C) function D) instance
20. Rich as they were in forms, the speaker’s _____ seemed unrelated to his speech.
A) signs B) gesture C) symptoms D) symbols
21. He built the team through both hard training and _____ discipline.
A) loose B) physical C) rigid D) slack
22. We were depressed _____ the bad news.
A) at B) in C) for D) on
23. She was delighted in _____ of friends and relatives.
A) accommodation B) entertainment C) conviction D) commitment
24. The days when he was _____ his best is already a thing of the past.
A) in B) on C) with D) at
25. Some people are not willing to _____ responsibility for the errors they made.
A) ensure B) assure C) assume D) resume
26. I speak in full _____ that our cause is just.
A) conclusion B) assumption C) conviction D) determination
27. Animals can become unusually _____ when they are upset by a sudden environment change.
A) puzzling B) dominant C) aggressive D) vigorous
28. Try to _____ your mind into the future and imagine what life will be like then.
A) subject B) object C) project D) reject
29. The boy felt so angry at the girl’s dominance that he could remain _____ no longer.
A) positive B) passive C) optimistic D) pessimistic
30. Computer software _____ some 70 percent of our range of products.
A) picks up B) focuses on C) accounts for D) is based on
Exercise Five
1. It seems that some entertainment stars don’t attach much importance to their public _____.
A) shape B) image C) status D) figure
2. ____ the question of the time given to teaching preparations, there are two other requirements for a qualified teacher.
A)Except B)Away from C) Apart from D) Beside from
3. If it were not for the fact that he was a billionaire, she ____ him.
A)might never marry B) will never marry
C) would never have married D) would never marry
4. The gloves were really too small, and it was only by _____ them that I managed to get them on.
A) spreading B) squeezing C) stretching D) bending
5. You will probably _____ your team’s chance to win because you seem to have such a great ______ them.
A) affect influence B) effect; influence C) affect;effect on D) effect;affect on
6. A bridge can be defined ____ a structure getting over an obstacle, such as a river, a road or railways.
A) like B) as C) with D) to
7. When I took my car to the garage, they soon____ what the trouble was.
A) emerged B) realized C) explored D) diagnosed
8. What made her heart _____ was the sight of many people begging in the streets.
A) bleed B) blood C) bleeder D) bled
9. Our country has launched a(n) ____ for healthy styles of living.
A) war B) battle C) campaign D) action
10. He departed ____ to catch the train only to find his ticket was left in home.
A) in hurry B) in haste C) in a haste D) with haste
11. The contract will be signed _____ the ceremony.
A) prior to B) by priority of C) previous of D) precious to
12. There are some areas which are still densely populated ____ their severe weather conditions.
A) due to B) with regard to C) regardless of D) but for
13. He’s watching TV? He’s ____to be cleaning his room.
A) known B) supposed C) regarded D) considered
14. The public has appealed to the government to find a ____ to the problem of pollution.
A) result B) response C) settlement D) solution
15. It was not until he arrived in class _____ realized he had forgotten his book.
A) when he B) that he C) and he D) he
16. Seeing he was _____ with his luggage, I offered to help him.
A) infected B) embarrassed C) mugged D) confused
17. So little ____ with each other that the neighbors could not settle their difference.
A) agreed did they B) did they agree C) they agree D) they did agree
18. It is advisable for us to ____a more open policy.
A) adapt B) adjust C) agree D) adopt
19. There are several ways to _____ this problem.
A) implement B) approach C) thrust D) dispose
20. The conference ____ the possibility of closer trade links between the two countries.
A) explored B) implemented C) established D) constituted
21. ______ with the boy’s true love for her, the girl decided to entrust her life to him.
A) Acquired B) Imposed C) Infected D) Diagnosed
22. The runner went fastest in the middle ____ of the course.
A) fragment B) selection C) board D) segment
23. The more ____ you feel in yourself, the more chances you will stand to win the game.
A) significance B) intensity C) fortune D) confidence
24. Nothing is worse than the ____ between what is right and what is wrong.
A) connection B) establishment C) illustration D) confusion
25. His words might have _____ the lovely lady, but he was never aware of it.
A) cursed B) criticized C) hurt D) scolded
26. It is unwise of you to ____ to a conclusion before looking into the matter .
A) reach B) arrive C) draw D) leap
27. The ____ to ensure a bright future for myself pushed me to study harder.
A) crisis B) thrust C) pressure D) approach
28. A dutiful official never ____ himself of his responsibility for his work.
A) reminds B) quits C) disposes D) risks
29. The official ____ his innocence by showing the fact.
A) approached B) explored C) established D) defined
30. Advertising is distinguished from other forms of communication _____ the advertiser pays for the message to be delivered.
A) which B) because of C) in that D) whereas
Exercise Six
11. The train _____ into the station at nine.
A) pulled B) dragged C) hauled D) pushed
12. All the leaders should attach much importance to their public _____.
A) shape B) image C) status D) figure
13. Our ___ from London to Paris is by way of Dover and Calais.
A) route B) way C) road D) routine
14.In ______ to the Party’s call, a great number of doctors and nurses went to the frontline of fighting the flood.
A) return B) admission C) response D) order
15. They expressed their ______ at being looked down upon by
demonstration.
A) optimism B) enthusiasm C) pessimism D) indignation 17. In interpersonal relations, people should be
_____ with each other.
A) shameful B) frank C) reserved D) indifferent18. Mary has a bad cold and a _____ throat.
A) sore B) painful C) tender D) sour19. His film was a complete failure, which did his reputation a lot of ______.
A) damage B) harm C) injury D) ruin 20. Every time when I go back to my hometown, I usually spend two days ____ of my relatives.
A) going the rounds of B) rounding up
C) making the rounds of D) rounding on 21. Happiness doesn’t necessarily ______ money.
A) go for B) go through C) go back D) go with 22. It’s a disgusting thing to hear him ____ his achievements.
A) complaining of B) showing up C) breaking up D) boasting of 23. Control of noise is a complex technology, and it is most ______ when applied to the original design of the noisy source.
A) effective B) responsible C) wicked D) considerable24. Sometimes, things go in the direction ____ our original expectations. A) alien to B) opposite to C) subject to D) native to 25. Success in school _______ much hard work.
A) calls for B) calls off C) calls up D) calls on
Exercise Seven
1.When crossing a busy street, we should be very _______ of the speeding cars.
A) ignorant B) cautious C) capable D) alert
2. I enjoyed all his novels with the ______ of his last.
A) excursion B) expedition C) exception D) explosion
3. Man is controlled by his _____ as well as by his reason.
A) instinct B) distinct C) institution D) impulse 4. Have _____ on him, he is only a boy.
A) care B) mercy C) pity D) attention
5. Archeologists _____ great value to the set of ancient cooking vessels unearthed in Shanxi province.
A) granted B) devotedC) attached D) directed
6. I need to _____ my English if I’m going to Canada for my holidays.
A) polish up B) look through C) add up D) go through
7. Although he was a good swimmer, he was swept away by the _____ and drowned.
A) current B) motion C) pressure D) air
8. Any blind exploitation of natural resources should be seen as a ____ against our offspring.
A) guilty B) sin C) robbery D) violence9. The favorable changes in her appearance are often ____ through hairdressing.
A) afflicted B) affected C) effected D) infected
10. North winds kept blowing all night long _____ , and the earth was frozen.
A) with great effort B) in vast amount C) in vain D) with great violence 11. The young man _____ his accuser and conducted his own defense in court.
A) opposed B) resisted C) confronted D) withstood12.Nuclear science should be developed to benefit people _____ harm them.
A) more than B) other than C) rather than D) better than13. I felt _____ for the stupid mistake I made.
A) innocent B) illegal C) guilty D) unlawful
14. I hate people who _____ the end of a film.
A) reveal B) rewrite C) revise D) reverse
15.It was reported that 20 people were _____ in the traffic accidents yesterday.
A) wounded B) injured C) cruised D) confronted16.He explained to us what they _____ doing in the next year.
A) intended B) attended C) extended D) pretended
17. The housewives who do not go out to work often feel they are not working to their full _____.
A) capacity B) strength C) length D) possibility
18.He has _____ a number of journals this morning for the information he needs badly.
A) looked through B) looked on C) looked over D) looked at19.The police had the photograph of the missing girl _____ in order to find her easily.
A) expanded B) amplified C) multiplied D) enlarged
20.The river is _____ at the bank.
A) running away B) eating away C) taking away D) bringing away
21. She may be _____ if you don’t reply to her soon.
A) injured B) wounded C) offended D) offensive
22. The equator is an _____ line.
A) imaginable B) imaginative C) imaginary D) imagining
23.Even as a child he showed an inclination to ______ over the other children.
A) dominate B) rule C) govern D) inspect
24. The explorers were _____ straits almost impassable.
A) immune to B) confronted with C) capable of D) transported
25. We _____ complete equality between men and women.
A) omit B) suggest C) advocate D) agree
26. A drugstore in America _____ not only medicines, but also sweets, drinks and other articles.
A) shaves B) handles C) polishes D) tosses
27. Judging from the order of importance, this matter should call for ____ consideration.
A) previous B) prior C) preceding D) prime
28. To have his story published, the young man certainly _____ it for at least three times.
A) contrives B) fries C) polishes D) advocates
29. Thanks to the progress in medicine, the life _____ of people throughout the world was greatly extended.
A) temple B) span C) dam D) residence
30. More and more _____ home appliances like washing machines and microwave ovens trouble the older generation.
A) guilty B) instinctive C) automatic D) offensive
Exercise Eight
1. The sun _____ from behind the clouds it got warmer.
A) emerged B) immersed C) existed D) embraced
2. I haven’t read the report properly --- I’ve only _____ into it (浏览).
A) dined B) dimmed C) dipped D) dripped
3. Her achievement was more _____ in that she had come from such a remote area.
A) popular B) famous C) remarkable D) understandable
4. Living in the central Australian desert has its problems, ____ obtaining water is not the least.
A) for which B) to which C) of which D) in which
5. There may be a(n) ____ of truth in this idea, disagreeable though it may seem.
A) element B) factor C) advantage D) concept
6. I’d like to _____ a seat for the New Year’s Concert.
A) preserve B) serve C) conserve D) reserve
7. The story that follows ______ two famous characters of the Rocky Mountain gold rush days.
A) concretes B) concerns C) proclaims D) relates
8. He _____ the good chance to present his proposal to the director, and at last, it was adopted.
A) realized B) seizedC) delivered D) released
9. They _____ in spite of the extremely difficult conditions.
A) carried out B) carried off C) carried on D) carried forward
10. Which sport has the most expensive training equipment, _____ players’ personal equipment and uniforms?
A) in place of B) in terms of C) by means of D) by way of
11. The purpose of this election is to set up a government truly _____ of the people.
A) typical B) representative C) characteristic D) responsible
12. It will need a _____ to save the firm from running downhill.
A) mystery B) therapy C) miracle D) source
13. After answering an telephone from her boyfriend, she _____ herself to read a book.
A) imposed B) composed C) transferred D) transformed
14. Although he was getting on in years, his experience gave him a(n) _____ over his rival.
A) priority B) benefit C) profit D) advantage
15. I am firmly _____ that this plan would do much good to our company.
A) composed B) convinced C) recognized D) satisfied
16. When talking about China, people often _____ it with the Great Wall.
A) think B) associate C) imagine D) assist
17. I’m sure he is up to the job ______ he would give his mind to it.
A) if only B) in case C) until D) unless
18. I’ve _____ a lot of time and effort in this plan, and I don’t want it to fail.
A) invented B) invited C) invested D) involved
19. A small terrorist group has ______ responsibility for the bombing in Baghdad.
A) claimed B) acclaimed C) exclaimed D) reclaimed
20. For the currency to keep _____, the government has to adopt some strong measures.
A) concrete B) fertile C) productive D) stable
21. _____ your advice, I have decided to read the article once more.
A) Acting as B) Acting upon C) Acting for D) Acting up
22. We are doing this work in the _____ of reforms in the economic, social and cultural spheres.
A) context B) contest C) pretext D) texture
23. The meeting was in full ______ (活跃) when we arrived.
A) rock B) swing C) swim D) sway
24. Now the patient can _____ from the wheelchair to the seat with relative freedom.
A) transport B) transplant C) transact D) transfer
25. In human friendship an important _____ is “forgive and forget”.
A) principal B) primary C) principle D) chiefly
26. The republication of the poet’s most recent works will certainly _____ his national reputation.
A) magnify B) enlarge C) enhance D) strengthen
27. Important people don’t often have much free time as their work _____ all their time.
A) takes away B) takes over C) takes up D) takes in
28. With everything being ready, it is time to _____ our new plan _____.
A) set … aside B) set … out C) set … in motion D) set … down
29. While nuclear weapons present grave _____ dangers, the predominant crisis of overpopulation is with us today.
A) inevitable B) constantC) overwhelming D) potential
30. Mobile telecommunications _____ is expected to double in Shanghai this year as a result of a contract signed between the two companies.
A) possession B) potential C) capacity D) impact
四级词汇练习答案(勘误版)
因题目有顺序调整，部分答案错位。此版为无误版。
Exercise 1: BCCCA DBCAC BDBDB BACCB AABBC BCCBC
Exercise 2: CADCB BCDAB ADACD BDBBC BDCDB BAADB
Exercise 3: CCCDA BBABA CCDBD BCBAB DDBAC BDBCD
Exercise 4: BACDD BCDCB CDBDA BACAB CABDC CCCBC
Exercise 5: BCCCA BDACB ACBDB ABDBA CDDDC DCACC
Exercise 6: ADACD BABCD DABA
Exercise 7: BCABC AABCD BCCAB AAADB CCABC BDCBC
Exercise 8: ACCCA DBBCB BCBDB BACAD AABDC CCCDC |
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发表于 2016-7-11 17:52:40