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学习形容词和副词应该了解其语法功能,包括其在句中的作用、位置、比较级和

外,学会使用形容词和副词的一些常用句型也十分必要,它能帮助我们更好地理解句子及篇章;在写作中应用地道的句型更能为文章争光添色。以下为常用句型归纳。
1.“the + 形容词”的两种用法
“the+形容词”既可以等同于复数普通名词,也可以等同于抽象名词,代表一类人或事。例如:
The rich are apt to look down upon the poor.富人常常轻视穷人。
The poet had an yearning for the supernatural.诗人憧憬超自然的东西。
这种用法也可以适用于“the+现在分词”及“the+过去分词”。例如: The unexpected always happens. 天有不测风云。
The wounded and the dying were rushed to hospital. 受伤的人和垂死的人被急送到医院去了。
2.“the+ 比较级+理由”
该句型具有“更加”的意思。常以“all (或much) the+ 比较级”的形式出现。例如:
I am the more inclined to help him because he is poor. 因为他穷,我更想帮他。
It is all the more dangerous for not being generally recognized as such. 一般不认为危险的,反而更加危险。
3.“the+比较级...,the+比较级...”。该句型的意思为“越……越……”。例如:
The more he flatters me,the less I like him.他越是迎合我,我越不喜欢他。
The higher the mountain is, the more people like to climb it; the more dangerous the mountain is, the more they wish to conquer it. 山越高,人越想爬;山越危险,人越想征服它。
这种句型常用省略说法,例如:
The sooner,the better.越快越好。
More haste,less speed. 欲速则不达。
4. “the last+不定式/形容词从句”。该句型的意思是“最不大可能的、最不适的”。例如: Money is the last thing he wants,and you wont succeed by offering it.他决不要钱,你想用钱去买动他是决不可能的。
The author should be the last person to talk about his work.作者最不宜讨论他的作品。
5.“so+形容词/副词+that”
在“so”后接形容词和副词表示因果关系,“that”之前表示原因,“that”之后表示结果。例如:
Those ponds and streams are so small that they cannot be shown in your maps.那些池塘和小溪太小,所以你的地图上没有。
He had lived so long in Asia that he had forgotten his English way of life. 他在亚洲住得太久,所以英国的生活习惯都已经忘记了。
6.“so much so that”
该句型与句型5的意思一样,可理解为“如此……以至于”例如:
The patient was very tired when he returned from the ride, so much so that he could not sit up.病人坐车回家时非常疲倦,疲倦得甚至不能坐起来。
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