2011年6月英语四六级考试必备词汇辨析(2)

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为了帮助考生有效备考冲刺，整理了以下“2011年6月英语四六级考试必备词汇辨析”资料，供考生复习。
       　　alternative,choose,pick,select都含有一定的"选择"之意
　　alternative adj. n. 供选择的,抉择,供选择的东西.指在两者之间进行选择,两者选一的
　　choose 适用范围最广,指从众多的对象中挑选,这中挑选常取决于个人的意志与判断,不强调客观标准.它所选择的对象可以是不同种类的,可以是有形的或无形的.还常带有最终选定的含义,即表示选定候不再变化.
　　pick 口头用语,指仔细地,精心地选择,含有挑剔的意思.一般指挑选有形的东西
　　select 语气比choose重,多用于正式场合.指仔细地,审慎地精选,强调客观性,而不是主观性.所挑选的对象可以是有形或无形的,但一定是同种类的. ________________________________________1.He selected an appropriate birthday card for his mother.他给母亲精心挑选了一张合适的生日卡.
　　2.Children shouldn’t pick food.孩子不应该挑食.(pick off摘去,采取)
　　3 He chose Miss Lilyfor his wife.他选择了莉丽小姐作为他的妻子.(从本句可以看出"choose常带有最终选定的含义"这一点)
　　4.When traveling,you are advised to take travelers' checks,which provide a secure alternative to carrying your money in cash.建议你旅游时带旅行支票,那样要比带现金安全.
　　5.I'm to pick out a few good books to send to my friend.我要挑选几本好书给我的朋友.(pick up收拾整理,用车接人 pick out挑选,拣出 pick at吃一点点,无食欲地吃) _______________________________________
　　altitude,aptitude,attitude,latitude都非常形近
　　altitude 高度,海拔(an altitude of 20,000 metres above sea level海拔20,000米)
　　aptitude 才能,智力,倾向,习性
　　attitude 态度,看法
　　latitude 纬度(longitude经度) ________________________________________1.Beavers have an aptitude for building dams.水獭有筑坝的习性.
　　2.She takes the attitude that Children should be allowed to learn at their own pace. 她采取的态度就是应该允许孩子们按照自己的节奏学习.
　　3 He has an aptitude for languages.他有学语言的才能.
　　4.What's yourattitudetowards this question?你对这个问题有什么看法?
　　5.Taipei is located at 121.7 degrees east longitude and 25 degrees northlatitude.台北位于东经121.7度,北纬25度.
　　6.The pilot is exercising the altitudeflight.飞行员正在练习高空飞行. ________________________________________
　　announce, declare, proclaim都含有一定的"宣布"之意
　　announce 指对公众或特定的一群关心的人进行宣布，常指大家感兴趣的事，如国家大事、商品信息、生死病婚、开会等新闻
　　declare 指在庄严场合，官方权威人士公开郑重宣布，有时指在公共场合对某事表明态度
            
            

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　　proclaim 指官方事务中当局对大众所作的重要宣布
　　其实,三个词之间有时也可经常互换使用. ________________________________________1.Everyone was silent as he announced the winner of the competition.当他宣布竞赛的获胜者时,大家都静静地倾听.
　　2.The government declared war on the drug dealers.政府向毒品贩子宣战.(declare war on/against…向…宣战;proclaim war宣战)
　　3.They proclaimed him a model worker..它们宣布他为劳动模范.
　　4.The chairman declared the exhibition open.主席宣布展览会开幕.(本句感觉也可用announced,你认为呢?)
　　5.The Congress of the Communist Party of China was announced to mee________________________________________
　　ample, adequate, plentiful,sufficient都含有一定的"足够,丰富"之意
　　ample 指不仅能达到应有的程度,满足需要,而且还有余,一般不修饰数量不定的名词(ample time充裕的时间;an ample basket of fruit满满一篮水果;ample space宽敞的空间)
　　adequate 足够的,充分的,指数量和质量上复合一个特定的标准或不太高的要求
　　plentiful 丰富的,很多的,富裕的
　　sufficient 尤指程度上多到能满足或达到某种特殊需要,特别是精神上的需要 ________________________________________1.There is ample evidence to suggest that the lawyer in question knew exactly what she was doing.有充分证据表明那个正在提问的律师确实知道她在做什么.(ample evidence充分证据)
　　2.By law,when one makes a large purchase,he should have adequate opportunity to change his mind.根据法律,当一个人进行大宗购买时,他应该有充分的机会改变自己的注意.
　　3.The supply is not adequate to the demand.供不应求.
　　4.He has acquired sufficient proficiency to read Chinese literary works.他已获得足够能力阅读中国文学著作.
　　5.A plentiful harvest is in sight.丰收在望.(plentiful/good harvest丰收) ________________________________________
　　amplify, enhance, enlarge,expand,magnify都含有一定的"扩大,提高"之意
　　amplify 放大,扩大,增强,指放大,增强(信号等)
　　enhance 提高,增强,指(价格,力量,吸引力,声望)等的增加,提高.
　　enlarge 指体积,大小,范围,能力等方面的增加
为了帮助考生有效备考冲刺，整理了以下“2011年6月英语四六级考试必备词汇辨析”资料，供考生复习。
      
　　expand 既可指数量上或体积上的增加,也可用来之前后左右上下任何方向的扩大,也指知识的增长,生意的扩大
　　magnify 指放大,扩大(声音,照片等) ________________________________________1. Human knowledge has greatly expanded in the last 30 years which enables people to achieve more and live more comfortably.过去30年人类的知识已经有了很大的增长,这就使得人们能够取得更大的成就,生活也更舒适了.
            
            

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　　2. Please amplify a radio signal.请放大无线电信号.
　　3. The republication of the poet’s most recent works will certainly enhance his national reputation.这位诗人最新作品的再版毋庸置疑地会提高他在国内的声望.
　　4. People often use a loudspeaker to magnify the voice.人们常用扩音器来放大声音.
　　5. We must enlarge our views by reading.我们必须以读书来增长见识.
　　6.The boss is going to expand retail operations.老板正打算扩大零售业务.
　　7.Mother asked someone to enlarge the kitchen.妈妈找人来扩大了厨房.
　　________________________________________
　　annoy,furious,indignant,irritate,provoke都含有一定的"恼怒"之意
　　annoy 指有余被迫忍受某种不愉快甚至讨厌的事情而失去耐心或沉着(be annoyed at/by sth. be annoyed with sb. 对某人/某事很生气)
　　furious 狂怒的(be furious with sb. be furious at/about sth对某人/某事大发雷霆)
　　indignant 强调的是愤怒,愤慨,愤愤不平
　　irritate 指一再打扰某人,终于使其失去耐心而发怒.
　　provoke 激怒(人,动物),使生气(provoke sb. to do /into doing...刺激某人做某事) ________________________________________1.It annoys me that she just assumes we'll all fit in with her plans.她想当然地认为我们都适合她的计划,这使我非常恼怒.
　　2.The manager was irritated by consumer's insolence.经理被消费者的蛮横态度弄得恼火.
　　3.Father was furious with Peter about his mistake.父亲对彼得犯的错误大发雷霆.
　　4.Mike provoked Mary to anger so that Mary was divorced from Mike.麦克激怒了玛丽以至于玛丽跟麦克离婚了.(provoke sb. to anger激怒某人;叫某人生气)
　　5.Mother is irritated against Bob because he is not obedient.妈妈对鲍伯的不听话很生气.(irritate against sb.对某人生气)
　　6.This unfair trestment arouses popular indignation.这种不公待遇引起了公愤.
　　________________________________________
　　apparatus,appliance,equipment,facility,instrument都含有一定的"器具"之意
　　apparatus 指"一套仪器,一套器械,装置"
　　appliance 通常指需要动力才能操作的家用电器和装置等
　　equipment 指"设备,装备"
　　facility (pl.)"设备,设施",只是工作生活便利的工具和环境
　　instrument 指精密的或科学的和艺术上使用的器具等 ________________________________________1.Today,housework has been made much easier by electrical __B__.现在,家用电器使得家务活轻松多了.
　　A.facilities B.appliances C.instruments D.apparatus
　　2.The complete __D___ of the new library will take another year.新图书馆的全套设备还要花一年时间才能完成.
　　A.apparatus B.facility C.instrument D.equipment
　　3.The school offer us the __A__ for study.学校为我们提供了便利学习的设施.
            
            

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　　A.facilities B.appliances C.instruments D.apparatus
　　4.This hospital imported many surgical __C__ from abroad.医院从国外进口了许多外科器械.
　　A.facilities B.appliances C.instruments D.apparatus
　　5.The Browns are always very cold in winter because they have not a heating __D__.布朗一家每到冬天就很冷,因为他们没有暖气设备.
　　A.facilities B.appliances C.instruments D.apparatus
　　________________________________________
　　answer,reply,respond都含有一定的"回答"之意
　　answer 用的最广,几乎可指口头,书面乃至行动所表示的一切
　　reply 指较为正式或经过考虑的答复,除了后面接直接宾语或以that开始的句子外,一般只用作不及物动词,后面连用to,表示回答旁人的问题(话语,信件,祝贺,攻击等)
　　respond 一般指对紧急问题或请求作出答复,或用行动对所说或所做的事情做出反应 ________________________________________1.The car __A__ well to the controls.这辆汽车操纵灵敏.(respong to sth.对某事物反映灵敏,起反应,回答,响应;corrspond to相当于,与...对应;reply to回信,对...做出反应)
　　A.responds B.corresponds C.replies D.reflects
　　2.The electrician went at once in __D__ to the phone call.电工一接到电话马上就去了.(in answer to作为对...的回答,响应,反击等)
　　A.reply B.respond C.reflection D.answer
　　3.He __B__ nothing about this.对此他没有回答.
　　A.refuse B.answer C.reply D.respond
　　4.Please __C__ at your earliest convenience.请尽早答复.
　　A.answer B.reflect C.reply D.respond
　　5.The illness quickly __D__ to proper treatment.疾病经适当治疗后很快好转.
　　A.replied B.answered C.reflected D.responded