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转换法：指翻译过程中为了使译文符合目标语的表述方式、方法和习惯而对原句中的词类、句型和语态等进行转换。
具体的说，就是在词性方面，把名词转换为代词、形容词、动词;把动词转换成名词、形容词、副词、介词;把形容词转换成副词和短语。在句子成分方面，把主语变成状语、定语、宾语、表语;把谓语变成主语、定语、表语;把定语变成状语、主语;把宾语变成主语。在句型方面，把并列句变成复合句，把复合句变成并列句，把状语从句变成定语从句。在语态方面，可以把主动语态变为被动语态。如：
(1) 我们学院受教委和市政府的双重领导。
Our institute is co-administrated by the States Education Commission and
the municipal government. (名词转动词)
(2) Too much exposure to TV programs will do great harm to the eyesight of
children.
孩子们看电视过多会大大地损坏视力。 (名词转动词)
(3) 由于我们实行了改革开放政策，我国的综合国力有了明显的增强。
Thanks to the introduction of our reform and opening policy， our
comprehensive national strength has greatly improved. (动词转名词)
(4) I’m all for you opinion.
我完全赞成你的意见。(介词转动词)
(5) The reform and opening policy is supported by the whole Chinese
people.
改革开放政策受到了全中国人民的拥护。 (动词转名词)
(6) In his article the author is critical of man’s negligence toward his
environment.
作者在文章中，对人类疏忽自身环境作了批评。 (形容词转名词)
(7) In some of the European countries， the people are given the biggest
social benefits such as medical insurance.
在有些欧洲国家里，人民享受最广泛的社会福利，如医疗保险等。 (被动语态转主动语态)
(8) 时间不早了，我们回去吧!
We don’t have much time left. Let’s go back. (句型转换)
(9) 学生们都应该德、智、体全面发展。
All the students should develop morally， intellectually and physically.
(名词转副词)
以上的例子给出了各种类型的翻译转换。希望大家在今后的翻译实践中学会适时地使用转换法，译文不再生硬死板，而会更加精妙。
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发表于 2016-7-11 17:44:30