(一)数字与计算题
“数字与计算”是早年大学英语四级统考中的听力测试的最常考项目之一，
常见的计算题包括时间、价格、年龄、距离、速度等。出题形式可分为计
算型、辨认型和替换型。以加减计算题为主。
相关词汇与表达：more， less ， late ， early， fast ， slow ， ahead
of schedule ， delay， postpone ， decrease ， bring forward， times，
twice ， double ， a quarter， a half ， the day before yesterday ， by
noon， half an hour
「例一」
A ) $1.40 B) $4.30 C) $6.40 D) $8.60
W ： Here is a ten-dollar bill. Give me two tickets for tonight ‘
s show， please.
M ： Sure. Two tickets and here ‘s a dollar forty cents change.
Q ： How much does one ticket cost?
「例二」
A ) 5：10. B ) 5：00. C ) 4：30. D ) 5：15.
M ： I wonder if Sue will be here by five o ‘clock.
W ： Her husband said she left home at half past four. She should
be here at ten after five
and a quarter past five at the latest.
Q ： What time did Sue leave home ?(2001.6/7) (二)职业、身份和相互关系题
这种类型的题目相对比较简单。首先，四个选择往往是4 种不同职业或者是
表示两个对话者之间关系的词。如husband and wife， boss and secretary ，
librarian and student 或customer and repairman等。选择项的特点决定了提
问的内容。了解这一点后，在听音过程中，就可以把注意力集中到一些关键词或
词组上，以便作出准确判断。其次，提问的方式比较单一固定。
1 、常见的提问方式是：
What‘s the man/ woman?
What does the man/ woman do ?
What‘s the man ’s /woman‘s job/ profession/ occupation ?
What‘s the probable relationship between the man and woman ?
What‘s the probable relationship between the two speakers?
在听音过程中，只需集中注意力听清对话，根据对话提供的有效信息，便可
以比较快地作出正确选择。
2 、相关词汇和表达：
1 、营业员与顾客(shop assistant and customer )
What can I do for you ? / on sale/ Can I help you? / out of style/
ready-made/ receipt/ check-out stand/ size/ color/ fit/ look round
2 、饭店服务员与顾客(waiter/ waitress and customer )
menu/ seasoning/ order/ treat/ go Dutch/ steak/ ham/ bill/ Dutch Treat/reserve/
make a reservation
3 、图书管理员与学生( librarian and student)
borrow/ renew/ library card/ library catalogue/ loan desk/ due/ overdue/
fine/ finish reading
4 、医生与病人( doctor and patient )
What‘s wrong ?/ What seems to be the symptom?/ What’s the matter?
/ indigestion/ stomache/ be operated on/ give an injection/ chest
pain/ feel worn out
5 、教师与学生( teacher and student)
tuition/ registration/ required course/ compulsory course/ optional
course/ elective course/ drop out/ quit school/ credits/ attendance/pass
course
6 、空姐与乘客(airhostess and passenger)
take off/ board/ fasten seatbelt/ land/ depart/ departure time /extinguish
cigarettes
7 、老板与秘书( boss and secretary )
copy/ make arrangement/ break down/ inform
「例一」
A ) Husband and wife. B) Father and daughter
C ) Doctor and patient. D) Teacher and student.
W ： Have you found anything wrong with my stomach?
M ： Not yet. I ‘m still examining. I’ll let you know the result
next week.
Q ： What ‘s the probable relationship between the man and the woman?
「例二」
A ) A railway porter. B) A taxi driver.
C ) A bus conductor. D ) A postal clerk.
W ： Excuse me， Sir， I‘m going to send this parcel to London. What
’s the postage for it?
M ： Let me see. It ‘s one pound and fifty.
Q ： Who is the woman most probably speaking to ?
「例三」
A ) Colleagues. C) Employer and employee.
B ) Husband and wife. D) Mother and son.
W ： John ， what are you doing on your computer? Don‘t you remember
your promise?
M ： This is not a game. It ‘s only a cross word puzzle that helps
increase my vocabulary.
Q ： What is the probable relationship between the speakers ?(2003.1)
(三)因果关系题
提高这类测试题的应试能力，考生必须学会分析选择项。根据选择项特征确
定测试的具体类型。即该题是就原因提问还是就结果进行提高;同时根据选择项
中的主语、人称代词的性质明确听音的重点，即是集中注意力听男声部分还是女
士的谈话。就原因提问的测试题，其选择项特点较为明显，通常都由because 引
导。但也不不少含蓄型的题目。这类测试题的选择项没有because ，不过，只要
认真分析一下选择项的谓语部分也能加以确定。
「例一」
A ) He must meet his teacher. B) He must attend a class.
C ) He must go out with his girlfriend. D) He must stay at school
to finish his homework.
W ： John ， do you want to go swimming with me today ?
M ： Sure ， but I can‘t leave now. I have an appointment with my
professor at three o’clock.
Q ： Why can‘t John go swimming now?
「例二」
A ) He doesn ‘t enjoy business trips as much as he used to.
B ) He doesn ‘t think he is capable of doing the job.
C ) He thinks the pay is too low to support his family.
D ) He wants to spend more time with his family.
W ： If I were you， I would have accepted the job.
M ： I turned down the offer because it would mean frequent business
trips away from my
family.
Q ： why didn ‘t the man accept the job?(2000.6/8) (四)地点与场所题
地点与场所类的题目主要要求考生判断对话发生的地点，或判断对话中某一
方要去的地方，以及判断第三者所在的位置等。这类测试通常比较简单，提问的
方式比较单一，选择项特点明显，一般四个选择项都是表示地点状语的介词短语。
1 、常见的提问方式是：
Where does the conversation most probably take place?
Where are the two speakers now?
Where do you think this conversation most probably take place ?
Where is the man/ woman going ?
Where is Mary now ?
2 、相关词汇和表达：
Hotel ： room service ， double room; reservation， front desk ，
bathroom reception， single room
Restaurant： menu ， steak， order， salad， soft drink ， dessert，
soup， go Dutch ， beef ， mutton ， reservation
Library ： borrow ， over-due ， lend ， fine ， renew， catalogue，
due ， shelf， volumn
Post office ： mail ， parcel ， airmail， registered letter， post
，postage
Store ： size ， fashion， color， cash ， department ， counter，
check out ， on sale， of the same price. bargain
Bank： open an account， draw on one‘s account ， cash a check ，
current account ， fixed deposit
Hospital： fever， pills， cough， tablet ， headache ， take medicine，
stomachache ， temperature， prescribe
School： Bachelor ‘s degree， Master ’s degree， Doctor ‘s degree，
dormitory ， semester ， required course， elective/ optional course，
credit， exam.
Plane ： flight ， seat belt， take off ， land ， extinguish cigarettes，
boarding.
「例一」
A ) At home. B ) At the riverside.
C ) At the health center. D) At his office.
M ： Hello， this is John Hopkins at the Riverside Health center.
I ‘d like to speak to Mr. Jones.
W ： I‘m sorry ， Mr. Hopkins， my husband isn ’t at home. But I
can give you his office phone number. He won‘t be back until 6 o ’clock.
Q ： Where does Mrs. Jones think her husband is now ?
「例二」
A ) In a bank. B ) In a school.
C ) In a clothing store. D ) In a barbershop.
W ： You seem very confident about the job interview， don‘t you ?
M ： Yes， I feel ready for it. I bought a good suit in the clothing
store. I had my hair cut. I have studied almost everything about finance
and economics.
Q ： Where is the man probably going to work?(2002.1)
「例三」
A ) At a booking office. B ) In a Hong Kong hotel.
C ) On a busy street. D) At an airport.
W ： Can I help you ， Sir?
M ： Yes. Can you show me the way to gate 9 for flight 901 to Hong
Kong? I‘m quite confused here.
Q ： Where does the conversation most probably take place ?(2001.1) (五)态度与反应题
涉及的主要是对话中男女双方对某人某事的看法。主要测试考生分析判断能力。四个选择项都有比较明显的特点，即选择项中往往出现表示人的情感或态度的动词或形容词等。如：be afraid ， think， believe， feel ， like 等。
另外，在选择项中常会出现表明人的喜、怒、哀、乐等情感的形容词，如：
excited ，bored 等。有时也会出现描述事物性质的词，如： big， small， cheap，等。
常见的提问方式有：
What does the man/ woman think of …?
What‘s their opinion of…?
How did the man /woman feel about …?
How did the man / woman feel?
值得提醒的是，听力测试中还有一种特殊现象。对话中的另一方(第二个说
话的人)并不直接说出自己的看法，而是用also， too， neither， either ，
so， the same 来表明自己的态度。在这种情况下，就必须听清第一个人的讲话
并准确理解其态度，只有这样才能作出正确选择。
「例一」
A ) On the whole ， she liked the film.
B ) She didn ‘t see the film.
C ) The film was very exciting.
D ) The film wasn‘t as good as she’d expected.
M ： Did you like the film?
W ： Not particularly. I was rather disappointed. I ‘d expected it to be much more exciting
Q ： What can we learn from this conversation ?
「例二」
A ) He wishes to have more courses like it.
B ) He finds it hard to follow the teacher.
C ) He wishes the teacher would talk more.
D ) He doesn ‘t like the teacher’s accent.
W ： You took an optional course this semester， didn ‘t you ? How
is it going ?
M ： Terrible ! It seems like the more the professor talks ， the
less I understand.
Q ： How did the man feel about the course?(2002.6)
「例三」
A ) The man went to the concert，but the woman didn't .
B ) The woman went to the concert，but the man didn't .
C ) The speakers did not go to the concert.
D ) Both speakers went to the concert.
M ： You didn ‘t go to the concert last night either ， did you?
W ： No ， I had a slight headache.
Q ： What can we learn from this conversation ?(1991.6/4) (六)肯定与否定题
听力测试题有很多对话常通过某种否定形式来表示肯定含义，或是利用肯定
形式表示否定意义。其目的是考查学生的快速反应能力和基础知识掌握的程度。
1 、常见的以否定形式表示肯定意义的结构有：
cannot wait+不定式或can hardly wait+不定式(急于…，迫切希望…);
cannot与much(或too ， enough ， sufficiently ， over ，构成的合成词)
连用(无论怎么也不为过);cannot help doing (禁不住做…);cannot
but do(不得不，必然);cannot help but do(不得不);have no choice/
alternative but to do (除做…外别无选择，非做…不可);nothing but
(只有，只不过)
;另外，还可以通过各种比较结构来表示肯定含义，最常用的有：nothing
less than (和…一模一样，完全是);more A than B (与其说是B ，不如说
是A 或是A 而不是B );less A than B (与其说是A ，不如说是B 或是B 而不
是A )
;not so much A as B(是B 而不是A );A not so…as B(A 比B …)，
表达的正好是原结构中形容词或副词的反义。
2 、常见的以肯定表示否定的意义的有：
anything but(根本不);used to (过去常常，是对现在的情况的否定，
说明现在已不这样做);too …to…(太…以致不…，这一结构的不定式表示否
定意义);prefer…to…(该短语否定的是介词短语部分，表示“不喜欢或不会
做”等);would rather…than(宁愿…而不，这一结构否定的是than后的动词，
would …rather than 与其用法相同。)
「例一」
A ) She is going to give up biology.
B ) She spends half of her time on biology.
C ) To her ， biology is difficult ， but math is not.
D ) To her ， math is even more difficult than biology.
M ： What do you think of biology ?
W ： It ‘s given me a hard time， though it is not as difficult as
math.
Q ： What can we learn about the woman?
「例二」
A ) She is eager to know what the present is.
B ) She is not anxious to know what it is.
C ) She doesn‘t now what she is asked to wait for.
D ) She really doesn ‘t care about the present.
M ： What did your parents buy you for your birthday?
W ： I don‘t know. But I can hardly wait to see it.
Q ： What does the woman mean ? (七)计划与行动题
行动类题是四级听力测试中最常见的题型之一。题量较大。
1 、某人计划或打算做什么。选择项常以动词原形或动词不定式形式出现;
也有以句子形式出现的选择项，这类选择项的谓语部分常出现will，be going或
be to.解题时，应首先根据选择项确定提问的对象，即男士还是女士计划或准备
去做某事，这样听音时就可以集中注意力去听相关部分，尤其是谓语动词。
「例题」
A ) Look for a more expensive hotel.
B ) Go to another hotel by bus.
C ) Try to find a quiet place.
D ) Take a walk around the city.
W ： I don‘t think we can find a better hotel around here at this
time.
M ： Let‘s walk a little further to see if there is another one.
I just can’t bear the traffic noise here.
Q ： What will the speakers most probably do?
2 、某人正在做什么。选择项通常是动词的-ing形式。有时也会出现句子，
但其谓语动词都是进行时的形式。这类测试题的提问方式比较单一，一般都是What
‘s the man/ woman doing now?或What are they doing now ?这种类型的测
试往往比较简单，只要集中注意力听清对话中的谓语动词基本都能作出正确的判
断。
「例题」
A ) Looking for a young lady.
B ) Looking for her wrist watch.
C ) Looking for a young gentleman.
D ) Looking for a man wearing a wrist watch.
W ： Excuse me， sir， but have you seen a young gentleman looking
for his wrist watch ?
M ： A young man， Madam?
Q ： What ‘s the woman doing ?
3 、某人提出去做什么。这类测试中，对话中的一方针对另一方提出的要求
或建议，主动提供帮助。试题的选择项通常为动词原形或动词不定式。解题时，
通常要集中注意力听清楚对话中第二个人的谈话，特别是谓语动词。
「例题」
A ) Go out to work. B) Listen carefully to John.
C ) Be calm and patient. D ) Do the easiest thing.
W ： I‘m really angry at John. He never listens to me.
M ： Take it easy ， Alan. Things will work out.
Q ： What does the man advise Alan to do? (八)推理判断题
推理判断是英语四级听力测试中最常见的题型之一，难度较大。因为说话人
表达思想的方法比较含蓄，不能为选择书面答案提供直接的信息，这就要求考生
利用语音语调和逻辑推理的思维过程来判断对话的内在含义，领会说话人的真实
意图。听力理解不但要听懂具体的话语，而且要能听懂隐含的意义，能判断讲话
人的意图等。
这类题型在近几年的考试中题量大，而且有增加的趋势。
「例一」
A ) Jane is looking for a summer job. B) Jane is packing for the
summer vacation.
C ) Jane is on her way home. D ) Jane is eager to go home for the
vacation.
M ： Is Jane looking forward to going home for the summer ?
W ： She is counting the days.
Q ： What does the woman imply?(1999.6/7)
「例二」
A ) Go on with the game
B ) Draw pictures on the computer.
C ) Review his lessons.
D ) Have a good rest.
W ： Mark is playing computer game.
M ： Should he do that when the final exam is drawing near?
Q ： What does the man think Mark should do ?(2002.6)
「例三」
A ) The exam was easier than the previous one.
B ) Joe is sure that he will do better in the next exam.
C ) Joe probably failed in the exam.
D ) The oral part of the exam was easier than the written part.
W ： Listen to me ， Joe. The exam is already a thing of the past.
Just forget about it.
M ： That ‘s easier said than done.
Q ： What can we infer from the conversation?(2003.1)
「例四」
A ) The man is usually the last to hand in his test paper.
B ) The man has made a mess of his midterm exam.
C ) The man has bad study habits.
D ) The man is a diligent student.
M ： I‘m exhausted. I stayed up the whole night studying for my midterm
math exam.
W ： But why do you always wait until the last minute ?
Q ： What does the woman imply?(2004.1)
发表于 2016-7-11 17:28:04