汉英英汉翻译的“特效处理” （七）

英语自学网

七．汉语中常见的非常简练而独特的说法
　　（short-hand phrases）的翻译
　　对于汉语中那些含义深刻而表达简练的特别说法，在翻译成英语时，应遵循两条基本原则：一是尽量参考英语中原有的类似的说法，二是尽量运用英语中的习惯用法。下面举一些常见的例子：
　　“下海”
　　To go into commercial business To drop out of (teaching, etc.) and venture into business To be seduced into
　　commerce / industry
　　康居工程
　　The Affordable Housing Program
　　“货币分房”
　　The “own-as-you-pay” housing system
　　“吃饭财政”
　　A “mouth-feeding” budget-a budget much of which is used for a burgeoning government payroll
　　以外贸企业为龙头
　　With foreign trade companies as the locomotive / flagship
　　“摸着石头过河”
　　“To wade across the stream by feeling the way”
　　文化搭台，经贸唱戏
　　Cultural events set the stage and trade activities play the star role.
　　大锅饭
　　The “big pot” distribution system under which everyone gets the same “portion” irrespective of his
　　work / contribution
　　饭后百步走，活到九十九。
　　An after-dinner walk a day keeps the doctor away.
　　“金梧桐”企业实 行网上招聘人才。
　　Companies wishing to attract talents worldwide have set up recruitment homepages on the Internet.
　　带职分流，定向培训，加强基层，改善结构。无情调节，有情安排。
　　To stream out redundant government staff with their ranks retained; to provide tailor-made training programs geared to re-entry purposes; to move downward to join and rejuvenate grass-roots organizations and to improve the personnel composition with “fresh blood” injected. To trim out redundancies relentlessly, and to re-assign the laid-offs considerately.
　　（集邮爱好者语）方寸之间，深情无限。
　　On these tiny postage stamps, Philatelic friendship “franks.”
　　生意场上“一锤子买卖”的做法
　　The “grab-the-money-and-run” business mentality
　　堤外损失堤内补
　　To gain on the swings what was lost on the roundabouts
　　把企业推向市场
　　To lead/guide enterprises (at their elbows) to the market To let enterprises “swim” / “immerse” in the marketplace