2011年9月中级口译考试答案解析(完整版)

英语自学网

　　Spot Dictation
　　In America there are no nobles or men of letters, and the common folk mistrust the wealthy; Consequently lawyers form the highest political class and the most cultivated circle of society. They have therefore nothing to gain by innovation, which adds a conservative interest to their natural taste for public order. If I were asked where I place the American aristocracy, I should reply without hesitation that it is not composed of the rich, who are united together by no common tie, but that it occupies the judicial bench and the bar.
　　When I started researching this topic, I found an interesting website “Legal Reform Now”. As the name suggests, this website is devoted to legal reform and it is definitely concerned about the dominance of lawyers in American government. There I read an article by a political science professor from the university of Wisconsin. One observation the UW article confirms is that the legal profession is the dominant profession of the people re-elect to public office. For example, about half our representatives and two-thirds of our senators are lawyers. No other profession comes close to having the same the number of people in political office. Effectively, lawyers form our nation’s most powerful organized political constituency in America. Lawyers make our laws and lawyers interpret our laws. When judges are appointed, the American bar association is the only professional organization that is consulted to rate the fitness of potential judicial appointees. Our nation has been in existence for over 200 years and lawyers have been this nation’s aristocracy since its formation. Our system works, but do we really want to have a single profession in charge of our nation? Specifically, do we want to have the legal profession in charge? Next time you vote, that’s something to think about.
　　评析：这篇文章是关于律师在美国的地位。律师组成了美国最高政治阶层，以及社会最具有教养的圈子。紧接着作者提到了律师在美国政府中占据统治地位，且自建国以来一直如此。因此律师就成了美国的“贵族”。最后作者提出问题“我们真的想让律师这个职业来管理我们的国家吗?”，呼吁选民在下次的选举投票中三思。
　　这篇听力材料政治色彩强，材料中的部分单词可能会给考生带来听辨和拼写的难度。难度较大。
　　cultivated adj 有教养的
　　innovation n.创新
　　conservative adj. 保守的
　　be composed of 由…组成
　　bench the bar 法官和律师
　　dominance n 统治地位
　　representatives n.众议员
　　senator n 参议员
　　aristocracy n 贵族
　　以下是2011年9月18日中级口译考试试题答案+解析完整版，pdf格式供考生下载。

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2011年9月中级口译考试答案解析(完整版).pdf

　　
            
            

enfive

　　Talks and Conversations 1：
　　WOMAN: Good morning. Mr. Papworth Smith’s surgery.
　　MAN: Hello, this is William Brown speaking.
　　WOMAN: Yes, what can I do for you?
　　MAN: I had an appointment with Mr. Papworth Smith at 10 o’clock this morning, the name is William Brown, and the registration number is 12.
　　WOMAN: Well, I have found your case history and the registration. You have a broken tooth that needs to be taken care of, right?
　　MAN: Yes, but I’m sorry, my car broke down on the way, and the guy in the garage said it wouldn’t be ready until about two in the afternoon, and there is no way I can find a taxi or a lift. I am calling from the garage.
　　WOMAN: You mean you couldn’t keep the appointment?
　　MAN: I’m afraid not. Can I still see Mr. Smith some other time?
　　WOMAN: Of course, but you need to make another appointment.
　　MAN: When? I hope it is today or tomorrow. That broken tooth of mine is really killing me; I can’t eat or sleep properly.
　　WOMAN: I see, well, what about tomorrow at nine.
　　MAN: Oh, that’s fine, thank you very much.
　　11. Why was the man telephoning?
　　12. What is Mr. Papworth Smith?
　　13. At what time was the man’s appointment that day?
　　14. Which of the following is true about the man?
　　评析：这是个关于和医生与时间会诊的通话。病人打电话说因为车坏了不能按原定好的时间(10 o’clock this morning)履约，但是病人牙痛确实厉害，想和医生另约时间。最后双方约定时间(tomorrow at nine)。整片材料内容较简单，考生需要熟悉电话交际语的特点，并做好相关信息的笔录。
　　Talks and Conversations 2
　　According to the United Nations, a tourist is someone who travels at least 50 miles or 80 kilometers for recreation. In the United States, people love to take trips. They spend more on vacation than anyone else in the world. Many of them take package tours; however, the first vacation package was attributed to an Englishman, names Thomas Cook. In 1841, he took 500 travelers to a nearby town. The price of the tour included a train ticket and a meal along the way. In 1845, Thomas Cook sold the first vacation package tour to Europe. And 1866, his company was organizing trips to the U.S. Today, tourism is a big business. And the tourist industry is crucial to many countries’ economy. It is estimated that 80% of jobs in the world, that’s more than 200 million people depend on tourism. Some local governments, like the British Virgin Islands in the Caribbean, are almost totally depended on visitors. About 95% of the islands income comes from tourism. For other places in the world, tourism is ever growing. It is estimated that by the year 2015, people worldwide will spend some five thousand billion U.S. dollars for vacation abroad. Regions in Asia, the Pacific, the Middle East, and Africa will see the greatest growth.
　　Q15 What is a package tour?
　　Q16 According to the talk, who first introduced the package tour?
　　Q17 Which of the following is true about the British Virgin Islands?
　　Q18 How much will be spent by people worldwide on vacation in abroad by the year 2015?
　　本文是说明文，介绍了跟“旅游”相关的诸多内容。涉及到旅游的定义，旅游的发展历史;旅游产业现在的情况以及对2015年旅游业发展的推测。文章本身没有特别生僻的词，但其中涉及到的人名(Thomas Cook)、年份、金额、比例等等是笔记的难点也是考点。
　　Talks and Conversations 3
　　W：When are you going to finish that book on American history?
　　M： Oh, I should get through it sometime this weekend, I guess. Anyway, it was only a week since I borrowed that book from you.
　　W：Well, if you finish it tonight, I can take it back to the library tomorrow on my way home from work.
　　M： What’s the hurry? Don’t you have anything else to read?
　　W：I won’t have anything if I don’t get to the library tomorrow.
　　M： You read too much.
　　W：I’d rather read than watch television. The TV programs seem to be getting worse all the time.
　　M： Well, I don’t think I can read that fast, but I do enjoy reading, especially novels and biographies or the like.
　　W：What do you think about joining a book club? If we join one, we can keep up with all the latest best-sellers.
　　M： That’s sort of expensive, isn’t it?
　　W： It isn’t any more expensive than going to a movie, the way admission prices have gone up, and the new movies don’t seem to be much better than TV.
　　M： How does the book club work?
　　W：With the Internet, it’s much easier and faster than it used to be. Once you have gone through the registration online, a catalogue of books will be sent to you every month. And you can choose as many books from it as you want.
　　M： What do you do if you don’t like any of the books?
　　W：You have to take four each year. That’s all.
　　M： What happens if you decide you don’t want a book that they do send you?
　　W：You can return it.
　　M： And what about the prices?
　　W：The books are cheaper than they are in bookstores even with the mailing costs added in.
　　M： Well, go ahead. Join the book club if you want to.
　　Q19. What has the man been reading recently?
　　Q20. Which of the following is true about the woman?
　　Q21. What does the woman recommend the man to do?
　　Q22. What does the man suppose to do if he has registered online?
　　评析：这是篇关于读书和加入读书俱乐部的材料。材料中女生喜欢看书胜过看电视，并提议男生和她一起加入读书俱乐部，这样可以读到最新的书，同时也可以省一笔开支。整体来看难度不大。
　　Talks and conversations 4
　　Do you want to improve the first impression you make? Do you want people to consider you as capable as a man working in the same field? As a woman, you have to pay more attention to the impression you’re making, because you have to overcome the initial stereotype that pops up in the other person’s mind “oh, it’s a woman.”
　　Here are a few tips: If you are entering a room with others, try to walk in first. This makes a powerful impression on the people already in the room. If you are on your own, walking into a room full of people, stand to the side and quickly survey the room to plan where you’ll go. Suppose then, you see a group of higher-ups, you’d better take this opportunity to walk over and ask them a question related to business. If that is something out of your comfort zone, you can approach the group and stand a little outside of their circle and smile. Wait for a low in the conversation, and I bet someone will say hello. Then, you need to know about the handshake, as a woman, you can’t get away with the advice given to man for a powerful handshake. That’s the one where he puts his hand out, palm down and dominates the shake. My advice is for you to be the first one to put your hand out, thumb facing up. It’s important to be the first, because that’s powerful, but more importantly, because men often don’t know if you will be OK with a handshake. Let him know you are, also, face him directly, not at an angle, which looks tentative and unsure. Grip his hand firmly and fully, not any of these fingertips stuff, smile, look in his eyes, and say something.
　　23. What is the initial stereotype mentioned in the talk?
　　24. According to the speaker’s advice, what should a woman do if she is entering a meeting room with other people?
　　25. What’s a woman advised to do if she meets with a group of high-ranking individuals in a room?
　　26. What should be avoided in a handshake according to the speaker?
　　这篇文章主要是关于女性在职场上如何能够给人留下较好的初印象，从而改变传统意义上女不如男的偏见。文章条理清晰，分不同情景，给出建议。分别是，1. 与其他人一起进入房间;2. 一个人进入房间;3. 有权贵人士在场;4. 握手时注意事项
　　Talks and Conversations 5
　　W: Recently I read a report about the higher education in Britain. It says that only about 10% of our students leave university without getting a degree.
　　M: That may be true. For me, I am not worried about failing but I am very anxious to get a good degree. My aim is to get a first-class honors degree in chemistry at Cambridge since I have a plan to take up a scientific post in industry. My criterion for choosing a good university is whether it has progressive ideas on education as well as its broader and more varied courses.
　　M: It wouldn’t work. There will be too many different opinions. Some professors and lecturers are more interested in their own research than in helping students in their studies.
　　W: Well, there must be some brilliant scholars in the university such as yours.
　　M: Yes, I still go to classes as well as to lectures, but the most important person in my academic life is my tutor who in Cambridge is called a supervisor. I enjoy my weekly tutorials. My supervisor is an approachable man and he is always ready to talk to me about anything connected with my studies.
　　W: Haven’t other universities now introduced some form of tutorial supervision like that at Oxford and Cambridge?
　　M: Yes, in fact, to be honest, there are universities which offer better courses and give better teaching in some subjects than either Oxford or Cambridge. I think that an Oxbridge degree still counts more with some employers than a degree from other universities. But most of them are now more concerned with the kind of degree than where it comes from.
　　W: Anyway, at our universities, the personal supervision and friendly relations with the teaching staff are especially good. The lecturer-student ratio is quite reasonable.
　　M: I am not so sure. But at least we are not over-crowded. I’ve heard that in some foreign universities lecture halls are packed so full that students have no where to sit.
　　Q 27 What are the man and the woman in the conversation?
　　Q 28 What’s the woman’s criterion for choosing a good university?
　　Q 29 Who is the most important person in the man’s academic life?
　　Q 30 Why is the man complaining about some foreign universities?
　　评析：这篇对话是关于英国高等教育。通过对话，女主人公阐述了自己择校的标准(whether it has progressive ideas on education as well as its broader and more varied courses)，男主人公则提到了在自己学术生涯中最为重要的一个人(the most important person in my academic life is my tutor who in Cambridge is called a supervisor)，男女主人公海还交流了自己对牛津，剑桥大学的看法。
　　整体来看，对话取材贴近生活，难度不大。
　　以下是2011年9月18日中级口译考试试题答案+解析完整版，pdf格式供考生下载。

2011年9月中级口译考试答案解析(完整版).pdf

　　
            
            

enfive

　　1. At the annual general meeting, the board chairman of the company outlined the development strategy for the next 5 years.
　　2. You needn’t notify the maintenance office about the fixing of the faucet in the washroom. I can get Tom to take care of it. He is really handy.
　　3. Although the accountant promised to help by all he could, the auditor called into question the accuracy of the figures in the books.
　　4. We have carefully checked your qualifications and decided that we need someone with more office experience. We are sorry for the inconvenience.
　　5. The sales of Vitamin E, helped by the testimony of health food expert, and a number of leading medical authorities, have doubled in the past 5 years.
　　6. An average American male is expected to live 75.4 years, while the life expectancy of a female can be 80.4 years.
　　7. For many people in large cities, the reasons against owning a private car outweigh the reasons for owning one. Therefore, the answer is negative.
　　8. To believe that our company can be little affected or even immune to the current economic crisis is to ignore the most basic principles of trade and commerce.
　　9. At college, Betty receives a monthly allowance of $650 from home. She also earns $350 a month in her part-time job. And she spends about 80% of her income for daily expenses.
　　10. Some businesses, organizations and government agencies provide employees with the opportunities to progress to higher positions with higher salaries. The higher position an individual occupies, the more responsibilities it brings.
　　Statements
　　1. 公司董事会主席制定5年计划。句子短，难度也小
　　2. 注意needn’t，与下句I will find... 相呼应，Handy 。难度小
　　3. 注意although的转折意思。短语call into question表示对...怀疑。难度适中。
　　4. 拒绝职位申请的通俗表达，没有生僻词。难度小
　　5. 关于维生素E的销售话题。因为主句间有插入成分，所以难度稍大。主句表达了销量增加的情况，而插入句交待了销量增加的原因。难度适中
　　6. 讲美国男女平均寿命长度，重点在数字。难度小
　　7. 讲大城市，人们对私家车的态度比较。注意outweigh。难度小
　　8. 有关金融危机的话题。关键句型to believe... is to ignore...。immune对...免疫，也就是表示完全不受金融危机影响。
　　9. 必考的计算题，关键在数字的听写和加减法。难度小。
　　10. 关于晋升的话题。“能力越强，职位越高，薪水越多，责任越大”
　　以下是2011年9月18日中级口译考试试题答案+解析完整版，pdf格式供考生下载。

2011年9月中级口译考试答案解析(完整版).pdf

　　
            
            

ensix

　　sentence translation
　　1. Sydney is a very modern city, but it also has many places of historical interest. In the downtown district, you can still see some old houses that were ever built here.
　　2. For me, a car is a comfortable way to travel especially in the winter time, if I took a bus or train, I might have to stand in the rain or in the snow.
　　3. If you work in the United States, you’d better find out the local sports teams, thus you can participate in the almost inevitable discussions about how our team will do this year.
　　4. I have more than 25 years of editing experience, and have edited over 300 publish novels and text books, I think I’m qualified for the post of editing manager.
　　5. Traditionally, men have had poor diets, less exercise and smoked more than women, these differences in life style and personal habits help explain why more men than women die of heart disease.
　　1、悉尼是一座非常现代化的城市，但也有许多历史名胜古迹。在市中心，你依然可以看见许多曾经建造在那里的老房子。
　　2. 对于我来说，小汽车是方便的出行方式，尤其是在冬天。如果我搭公交车或乘火车，我有可能就要在风雪中站着等了。
　　3. 如果你在美国工作，你最好找到当地的体育队，这样，你就可以参与进那些几乎不可避免的关于今年我们的队伍该如何表现的讨论。
　　4. 我有超过25年多的编辑经验，编辑过300多本已出版的小说和教材，我认为我能够胜任编辑经理的职位。
　　5. 从传统上来看，男性的饮食没有女性饮食健康，比女性运动更少，吸烟也较女性更多，这些生活方式和个人习惯的不同有助于解释为什么男性比女性更易死于心脏病。
　　评析：
　　1. 对悉尼城市的介绍。现代城区仍见历史古迹。翻译难度小。
　　2. 选择car出行的原因，同时也给出了bus和train的弊端。难度小。
　　3. 在美国工作，也要关注运动队。前两句难度小，但会让考生感觉工作，和当地运动队表现有什么关系?答案就是最后一句，关键词是participate in，discussion，难词：inevitable。
　　4. 一个应聘主编岗位的经验自述。难度小，但出现了more than和over，所以要注意两个数字翻译的准确性。关键词：editing，post。
　　5. 男性心脏病发病率高于女性的原因：饮食、锻炼、生活方式、个人习惯。难度适中，注意并列成分的翻译。
　　以下是2011年9月18日中级口译考试试题答案+解析完整版，pdf格式供考生下载。

2011年9月中级口译考试答案解析(完整版).pdf

　　
            
            

enone

　　Passage 1
　　Most people in Britain like drinking tea. Britons drink a quarter of all the tea grown in the world each year. They are the world’s greatest tea drinkers. Many of them drink it on at least 8 different occasions during the day. They drink it between meals and at meals. They drink early morning tea in bed. Some morning tea drinkers have automatic tea-making machines connected to their alarm clocks. They also drink afternoon tea in their sitting room or in their gardens.大多数英国人喜欢喝茶。英国人每年可以喝掉世界
　　上生产的四分之一的茶叶。他们是世界上茶叶最大的消费人群。许多英国人一天至少喝茶8次。他们在饭前饭后喝茶，早上刚起床就喝茶。一些早上起床喝茶的人们甚至把自己的制茶机和闹钟设定在一起。他们在起居室，或者自己的花园里，也喜欢喝下午茶。
　　评析：这篇听译中，考生要注意对数字的记忆和理解。难点在后面的3个喝茶时间(tea between meals, morning tea, afternoon tea 的信息捕捉和分析。难度适中。
　　Passage2
　　Pollution in today’s world can be in various kinds. Factories pour their wastes into our air and into our rivers and lakes. Noisy trucks and trains pollute in a different way. They may keep us awake at night and even make it hard to think in peace and quiet during the day. Moreover, ugliness surrounds us. There are too few trees, too little grass and too much concrete. The answer, I think, is scientific planning. There must be controlled and sustainable development within our cities. And primary consideration must be the quality of people’s lives.
　　当今世界的污染有很多种类。工厂把垃圾排到天空，河流和湖泊。 嘈杂的卡车和火车以另一种方式污染着这个世界。它们让我们夜不能眠，白天也不能安静地思考。另外，丑陋的事物也存在与我们周围。 树木太少，绿草稀缺，到处都钢筋混凝土。 我认为，解决之道在于科学规划。我们的城市必须要有可控的，可持续的发展，其首要指标应是人们的生活质量。
　　评析：这篇听力短文信息量较大，要求考生做好关键信息(pollution，factory. Noisy trucks and trains, ugliness, the answer, scientific planning, controlled and sustainable development, primary consideration)的捕捉，记忆和导出。
　　以下是2011年9月18日中级口译考试试题答案+解析完整版，pdf格式供考生下载。

2011年9月中级口译考试答案解析(完整版).pdf

　　
            
            

enone

　　原文：
　　越来越多受英文教育的海外华人父母，已经认识到孩子在掌握不可或缺的英文的同时，也通晓中文的重要性。中国的崛起，让他们充分认识到孩子掌握双语的好处——既能增加他们的就业机会，也能让他们接触和熟悉东西方两种不同的文化。
　　这些人对中文的态度几乎没有完全改变。曾几何时，他们还非常骄傲地宣称自己只懂英文。现在，他们已开始积极支持孩子学习中文和中国文化，而且还不时走访中国，欣赏壮观的自然风光，认识丰富的文化遗产。
　　译文：
　　An increasing number of English-educated Chinese parents overseas have come to the realization that while English learning is indispensable to their children, it is essential that their kids have a good command of Chinese. China’s rise has fully awakened their awareness of the fact that their kids can benefit from their bilingual ability which can not only enhance their competitiveness in the job market, but also facilitate their exposure to and familiarity with the two different cultures between the East and the West.
　　They have hardly changed their attitudes towards Chinese. At one time they proudly declared that they knew English only. Now, they have begun to give full support to their kids learning Chinese and its culture, and they also make occasional visits to China, where they can enjoy its magnificent natural landscape and get to know its rich cultural heritage.
　　解析：
　　本段是一篇文化类介绍文章。总体难度一般，以句号结束的句子即可作为一个意群，考生基本不用自行判断、划分。文中的长句可使用中国考生特别熟悉的从句进行翻译，如第一句的“已经认识到……的同时，也通晓中文的重要性”，就可以用从属连词while 连接，第一段的最后一句“掌握双语的好处……”由which引导的定语从句也可迎刃而解。当然，要翻译好本段，选词很重要。如第一句中“越来越多的华人父母认识到……”，如果你和大多数人一样，翻译成“more and more parents…”就显得很普通，而“an increasing number of…”则地道很多;又如第一段最后一句“既能增加他们的就业机会，也能让他们接触和熟悉东西方两种不同的文化。”例文用了“enhance”和“facilitate”两个词，富于变化;文中许多考生容易使用副词的地方，译者都巧妙地运用形容词来替代，如将“积极支持”译为“give full support to”，将“不时走访”译为“make occasional visits”，读来原汁原味，彰显了译者扎实的翻译功底，给考官留下了一个相当不错的印象，也为自己加分不少。
　　以下是2011年9月18日中级口译考试试题答案+解析完整版，pdf格式供考生下载。

2011年9月中级口译考试答案解析(完整版).pdf

　　
            
            

enthree

　　Why We Must Fire Bad Teachers (为什么我们必须叫停“不称职”的老师?)
　　The relative decline of American education at the elementary- and high-school levels has long been a national embarrassment as well as a threat to the nation’s future. Once upon a time, American students tested better than any other students in the world. Now, ranked against European schoolchildren, America does about as well as Lithuania, behind at least 10 other nations.
　　For much of this time—roughly the last half century—professional educators believed that if they could only find the right pedagogy, the right method of instruction, all would be well. They tried New Math, open classrooms, Whole Language—but nothing seemed to achieve significant or lasting improvements.
　　Yet in recent years researchers have discovered something that may seem obvious, but for many reasons was overlooked or denied. What really makes a difference, what matters more than the class size or the textbook, the teaching method or the technology, or even the curriculum, is the quality of the teacher. Much of the ability to teach is innate—an ability to inspire young minds as well as control unruly classrooms that some people instinctively possess (and some people definitely do not). Teaching can be taught, to some degree, but not the way many graduate schools of education do it, with a lot of insipid or marginally relevant theorizing and pedagogy. In any case the research shows that within about five years, you can generally tell who is a good teacher and who is not.
　　一直以来，美国初高中教育质量的相对下降对整个民族的将来来说，不仅仅是窘境也是一种威胁。从前，美国学生比世界上任何一个国家的学生都更擅长于测试。而现在，与欧洲学校的孩子相比，美国学生的水平仅与立陶宛旗鼓相当——被其他10个国家远远甩开。
　　就过去这个时代而言，粗略来讲，上个世纪的后五十年，教育界专家们认为如果他们能找到正确的教学法，能用正确的方法给予教导，那么这种教育将是无可挑剔的。为此，他们尝试过集论教学体系、开放式教室、全语学习，但是似乎看起来无一能取得意义深远或是持久的改善。
　　而在近些年来，研究人员发现了一些看起来十分明显，但却由于各种各样的原因而被忽视或否定的东西。他们认为，造成这种差异的，比教学规模和教科书更为重要的，比教学方法或者科技手段更不容忽略的，是教师的质量。教书育人的能力大多是与生俱来的，即激发朝气蓬勃的思想、驾驭难以管教的班级。这种能力是一些人与生俱来的;很明显，一些人并不具有这种品质。在一定程度上，“教”是可以被传授的，但这种“教”并不意味着就是许多所谓的教育学研究生院课上所教的那样——灌输的大都是些枯燥乏味且风马牛不相及的理论和教学法。总之，这项研究表明，五年内，你就可以辨别出哪些是优秀的老师，而哪些并不是。
　　评析：
　　本文是一篇新闻，难度适中。新闻稿的翻译和散文不同，散文重点要突出原文的行文情感，文笔特点，而新闻稿的翻译重点在于，突出内容的客观性和真实性，抓住主题和作者观点。
　　这篇新闻主要介绍了美国教育界的一些问题，作者的观点是：在教育方面，教育法，教育硬件设置，甚至课程安排都不如老师水平来得重要。而教师的教学水平很大一部分是天生的。
　　本篇翻译的难度主要在于一些长难句的拆分，在面对这样的长难句时，考生们首先应该端正心态，然后运用一些对美国教育的了解，以及逻辑思维，再加上语法知识，进行分析。
　　同时也出现了pedagogy，insipid，这样的一些生词，对于pedagogy这样的反复出现的生词，可以根据上下文来猜测，就是teaching method的意思。而一些insipid这样的，不影响理解的修饰性的词语，就可以暂时跳过，先抓住整篇文章的主旨。
　　总而言之，对于长难句的分析能力，是各位同学在平时学习英语过程中需要积累和锻炼的一种能力，而谈到单词，也是需要大家平时多多广泛阅读来拓展词汇量的。
　　以下是2011年9月18日中级口译考试试题答案+解析完整版，pdf格式供考生下载。

2011年9月中级口译考试答案解析(完整版).pdf