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Remarks by President Obama in Address to the United Nations General
Assembly
奥巴马总统在联合国大会的讲话
United Nations, New York, New York
联合国,纽约州纽约市
September 24, 2013
2013年9月24日
Mr. President, Mr. Secretary General, fellow delegates, ladies and
gentlemen:
主席先生,秘书长先生,各位代表,女士们先生们:
Each year we come together to reaffirm the founding vision of this
institution. For most of recorded history, individual aspirations were subject
to the whims of tyrants and empires. Divisions of race and religion and tribe
were settled through the sword and the clash of armies. The idea that nations
and peoples could come together in peace to solve their disputes and advance a
common prosperity seemed unimaginable.
我们每年都举行会议重申这个机构成立的宗旨。在有历史记载的大部分时期,个人的愿望往往受制于暴君和帝国肆意翻云覆雨的狂热。种族、宗教和部落的四分五裂通过刀光剑影和兵戎相见成为定局。似乎难以想象,国家和人民可以和平共处,解决相互间的分歧,一起促进共同繁荣。
It took the awful carnage of two world wars to shift our thinking. The
leaders who built the United Nations were not naïve; they did not think this
body could eradicate all wars. But in the wake of millions dead and continents
in rubble, and with the development of nuclear weapons that could annihilate a
planet, they understood that humanity could not survive the course it was on.
And so they gave us this institution, believing that it could allow us to
resolve conflicts, enforce rules of behavior, and build habits of cooperation
that would grow stronger over time.
我们的观念在经过两次世界大战的血腥历史后才得到改变。参与筹建联合国的各位领导人原来并没有抱任何幻想;他们不认为这个机构可以从此消灭所有的战争。但是,在数百万人丧生,各大洲成为一片瓦砾后,随着可以毁灭整个地球的核武器得到研发,他们懂得,如果在这条道路上走下去,人类就无法继续生存。为此,他们为我们创建了这个机构,相信有助于我们解决冲突,加强行为准则,建立可以长期巩固发展的合作模式。
For decades, the United Nations has in fact made a difference -- from
helping to eradicate disease, to educating children, to brokering peace. But
like every generation of leaders, we face new and profound challenges, and this
body continues to be tested. The question is whether we possess the wisdom and
the courage, as nation-states and members of an international community, to
squarely meet those challenges; whether the United Nations can meet the tests of
our time.
数十年来,联合国的确发挥了作用—例如为消灭疾病,教育儿童和斡旋和平做出了贡献。但是与过去每一代领导人一样,我们面临新的巨大挑战。这个机构继续需要接受考验。问题是,作为民族国家和国际社会成员,我们是否有智慧和勇气坚定地迎接这些挑战;联合国是否能经受我们时代的检验。
For much of my tenure as President, some of our most urgent challenges have
revolved around an increasingly integrated global economy, and our efforts to
recover from the worst economic crisis of our lifetime. Now, five years after
the global economy collapsed, and thanks to coordinated efforts by the countries
here today, jobs are being created, global financial systems have stabilized,
and people are once again being lifted out of poverty. But this progress is
fragile and unequal, and we still have work to do together to assure that our
citizens can access the opportunities that they need to thrive in the 21st
century.
在我担任总统的大部分时期,我们面临的一些最紧迫的挑战关系到日益一体化的全球经济,涉及我们努力从我们有生以来最严重的经济危机中复苏的工作。现在,全球经济受到重创5年后,由于今天与会各国相互协调,工作岗位正在增加,全球金融体系已经实现稳定,人们再一次逐步摆脱贫困。然而,已取得的进步仍然脆弱和不平衡。我们仍然必须共同努力,保证我们的公民们能够获得他们需要的机会在21世纪实现兴旺发达。
Together, we’ve also worked to end a decade of war. Five years ago, nearly
180,000 Americans were serving in harm’s way, and the war in Iraq was the
dominant issue in our relationship with the rest of the world. Today, all of our
troops have left Iraq. Next year, an international coalition will end its war in
Afghanistan, having achieved its mission of dismantling the core of al Qaeda
that attacked us on 9/11.
我们还共同努力结束了经历10年之久的战争。5年前,近180,000美国人不避危难奔赴疆场,伊拉克的战争在我们与世界其他国家的关系中成为压倒一切的问题。今天,我国所有的军队已经撤离伊拉克。明年,在摧毁了对我们发动9/11袭击的“基地”(al
Qaeda)组织核心力量后,国际联盟将结束在阿富汗的战争。
For the United States, these new circumstances have also meant shifting
away from a perpetual war footing. Beyond bringing our troops home, we have
limited the use of drones so they target only those who pose a continuing,
imminent threat to the United States where capture is not feasible, and there is
a near certainty of no civilian casualties. We’re transferring detainees to
other countries and trying terrorists in courts of law, while working diligently
to close the prison at Guantanamo Bay. And just as we reviewed how we deploy our
extraordinary military capabilities in a way that lives up to our ideals, we’ve
begun to review the way that we gather intelligence, so that we properly balance
the legitimate security concerns of our citizens and allies with the privacy
concerns that all people share.
对美国而言,这些新的情况已经意味着脱离常年征战的状态。除了撤回我国军队外,我们已限制无人机的使用,只在没有可能实施抓捕及基本上完全确定不会伤害平民的情况下用于抗击对美国构成的持续迫在眉睫的威胁。我们正在向其他国家引渡在押人员,在法庭审判恐怖主义分子,同时积极努力关闭关塔那摩湾的监狱。正如我们考虑如何部署我国非凡的军事力量才能符合我们的理念一样,我们已开始审议我们搜集情报的方式,从而可以使我们适当地平衡我国公民和盟友在安全方面的合理关注及所有的人共同的隐私问题。
As a result of this work, and cooperation with allies and partners, the
world is more stable than it was five years ago. But even a glance at today’s
headlines indicates that dangers remain. In Kenya, we’ve seen terrorists target
innocent civilians in a crowded shopping mall, and our hearts go out to the
families of those who have been affected. In Pakistan, nearly 100 people were
recently killed by suicide bombers outside a church. In Iraq, killings and car
bombs continue to be a terrible part of life. And meanwhile, al Qaeda has
splintered into regional networks and militias, which doesn’t give them the
capacity at this point to carry out attacks like 9/11, but does pose serious
threats to governments and diplomats, businesses and civilians all across the
globe.
由于进行了这方面的工作以及与盟国和伙伴方的合作,全世界比5年前更稳定。但是只要浏览一些今天的新闻大标题就可以知道,危险依然存在。在肯尼亚,我们看到恐怖主义分子在拥挤的购物商场内对无辜平民下手。我们向遇袭人员的家人表示慰问。在巴基斯坦,最近有将近100人在教堂外被自杀式爆炸杀害。在伊拉克,杀人害命和汽车炸弹仍然是生活中常见的可怕景象。与此同时,“基地”组织已溃散成地区性乌合之众和散兵游勇,目前没有能力发动类似9/11的袭击,但是仍然对全球各地的政府及外交人员、工商业和平民构成严重威胁。
Just as significantly, the convulsions in the Middle East and North Africa
have laid bare deep divisions within societies, as an old order is upended and
people grapple with what comes next. Peaceful movements have too often been
answered by violence -- from those resisting change and from extremists trying
to hijack change. Sectarian conflict has reemerged. And the potential spread of
weapons of mass destruction continues to cast a shadow over the pursuit of
peace.
同样重要的是,在旧秩序被颠覆和人们需要把握随后出现的局面之际,中东和北非的动荡暴露了社会内部的严重分裂。和平运动往往遇到有人以暴力作出的回应——来自那些抵制变革的人,来自企图劫持变革的极端主义分子。宗派冲突死灰复燃。大规模毁灭性武器可能扩散的阴影继续笼罩在争取和平事业的上空。
Nowhere have we seen these trends converge more powerfully than in Syria.
There, peaceful protests against an authoritarian regime were met with
repression and slaughter. In the face of such carnage, many retreated to their
sectarian identity -- Alawite and Sunni; Christian and Kurd -- and the situation
spiraled into civil war.
我们看到,这些趋势在叙利亚的汇聚比其他任何地方都强烈。在那里,反对专制政权的和平示威遭遇以镇压和屠杀做出的回应。面对如此血腥的大屠杀,很多人退守到宗教派系的旗帜下——阿拉维派和逊尼派、基督教和库尔德——局势急剧演变成国内战争。
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