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中国驻加尔各答总领事张利忠在印度工业联合会“与中国做生意”研讨会上的讲话
2011年7月29日
Speech by Consul General Zhang Lizhong on "Doing Business With China" Seminar Held by Confederation of Indian Industry
29 July 2011
尊敬的阿加拉瓦尔先生，
于平副会长，
柏学翥博士，
各位印度工业联合会会员：
Deputy Chairman Agrawal,
Mr. Yu Ping,
Dr. Bai Xuezhu，
Distinguished members of CII,
大家上午好!
Good Morning!
我首先代表中华人民共和国驻加尔各答总领馆对印度工业联合会组织这次“与中国做生意”专题研讨会表示赞赏，本次研讨会不仅让大家了解中国最新的发展状况，也有利于开拓中印两国的商业机会。
On behalf of the Consulate General of China in Kolkata, I would like to express my appreciation to CII for organizing a seminar to share the latest development in China and explore business opportunities between the two great nations.
本次研讨会的举行可谓“天时、地利、人和”。
I believe that this seminar comes at the right time, right place and with the support of people.
“天时”是指中印作为经济快速增长的两大新兴经济体，两国关系保持健康、稳定发展，两国关系发展面临难得机遇。去年底，中国国务院总理温家宝成功正式访问印度。今年四月，印度总理辛格赴中国三亚出席“金砖五国”会议，与中国国家主席胡锦涛进行了富有成果的会谈。在经贸领域，两国达成多项共识，确定了2015年双边贸易额达到100亿美元的重要目标，双方正在为实现这个目标而积极努力。
By saying “at the right time”, I mean China and India are both enjoying fast economic growth and are two big emerging economies in the world. Our relationship is now experiencing stable and healthy development. The development of the relationship between our two counties is facing the unprecedented opportunities. Last year, our Premier Wen Jiabao paid a successful official to India. This April, Indian Prime Minister Singh attended the BRICS Sanya Meeting in China and held a fruitful meeting with Chinese President Hu Jintao. In the trade field, there are lots of consensuses that have been reached. One important target has been set up – the trade volume between China and India shall reach 100 billion US Dollars by 2015. I think both sides are making efforts to achieve that target.
“地利”是指加尔各答以及印度东部地区与中国有关省市开展经贸合作有着得天独厚的地理优势，尤其是云南省昆明市与加尔各答之间开通了中印两国之间距离最短的直航。今年九月，深圳-加尔各答航线也将开通。因此地理位置是印度东部地区与中国开展经贸活动的一大优势。
By saying “at the right place”, I mean Kolkata, as well as the east part of India, enjoys location advantage in trade with relevant provinces of China, especially with Yunnan Province, which has the closest distance to Kolkata by direct flight. In this September, we are going to have another direct flight from Shenzhen to Kolkata. We are going to see that the location is a strong point for the trade between China and the east part of India.
“人和”是指中印两国经贸合作得到了两国民众的大力支持，双方扩大贸易合作的愿望十分强烈。在印度东部地区大约有12家大型中国公司在钢铁、电力、通讯以及新能源领域开展业务，许多印度公司也进入中国市场投资、建厂，在信息技术服务方面开拓商机。我相信中印两国民众的支持将极大促进双方经贸合作的深入开展。
By saying “With the support of people”, I mean that the trade and economic cooperation has enjoyed the strong support by the people of the two sides and there is strong enthusiasm for the expansion of the trade between the two sides. There are around 12 large Chinese companies that are now working in the fields of steel plants, power plants and other infrastructures like telecommunications and new energy in the east part of India. Many Indian companies have already entered Chinese market to set up offices and factories, and do business in IT service. I believe the support from the people of the two sides will definitely give great impetus to the trade and economic cooperation between the two sides. That’s why I say this seminar comes at the right time, right place and with the support of the peoples.
本次研讨会的主办方希望我介绍中国目前的发展情况，实际上刚才柏学翥博士和于平副会长在发言中已经作了详细介绍。我也感谢阿加拉瓦尔副主席刚才就中印经贸关系发表了令人鼓舞的讲话。那么我就简单介绍一下中国今年年初出台的“十二五规划”，它为未来五年中国的经济、社会发展制定了蓝图。
I was told to give some brief introduction of what’s going on in China. Actually Dr. Bai Xuezhuand and Mr. Yu Ping have already given very detailed information about those things. I will give a very brief summarization of the 12th five-year plan in China, which was formulated in the beginning of this year. This plan provides a blueprint for the coming five years of China’s economic and social development.
我要讲的第一点是，中国的发展是全方位的发展。关于中国的发展有些误解，有些人说中国只重视经济改革，忽视政治改革，实际上中国所谋求的是包括经济发展和社会事业进步在内的全方位发展。中国同时推进经济和政治制度的改革，没有政治改革，经济进步是无法实现的。认为中国只进行经济改革的说法是错误的，希望大家可以了解这一点。
The first point is that Chinese development is an all-around development. There are some misunderstandings about China’s economic development. Some say that China only emphasizes economic reforms, and neglects political reforms. That’s a misunderstanding of China’s development. China seeks all-around development including economic development as well as social undertakings. China is pushing forward the economic reforms and also pushing forward the political reforms. We believe that economic progress can not be achieved without political reforms. The idea that there is only economic reform in China is actually misleading. I hope that you will understand this point.
第二，中国谋求高质量的发展。刚才中国嘉宾谈到中国决定将未来五年的经济增长速度目标设为7%，而过去五年的经济增长速度目标是7.5%。大家可能从报纸上了解到中国南部最近发生了严重的动车追尾事故，这次事故十分不幸，导致数十人死亡，逾百人受伤。中国国务院总理温家宝到达事故现场接受记者采访时说，高铁建设不是越快越好，而是把速度与质量、效益和安全有机地结合起来，特别是要把安全放在第一位。动车追尾事故发生后，中国网民正在争论高铁的发展是否因过快而忽视了安全和稳定性。毕竟人的安全是最重要的，我们必须在速度与安全之间实现平衡。我认为，高速运行的火车和高速增长的经济之间有相似之处，降低经济增长速度目标就是为了保证经济发展的质量，并把更多精力放在解决经济发展所面临的挑战上来。
The second point is that China seeks a quality economic development. Just now, my colleagues from China have told you that China decided to lower down the economic growth target for the coming five years to 7%. For the last five years, the growth rate target was set at 7.5%. If you read newspapers, you will know that a few days ago, there was a severe collision between two bullet trains in China. That accident was very unfortunate. It led to dozens of people dead and hundreds of people severely injured. When Premier Wen Jiabao went to the incident site, he said to the media that it is not always proper to say that the faster, the better. We need to pay more attention to the security of the transportation. There is a huge debate right now on the internet in China about whether we are developing the bullet trains too fast at the expense of security and stability. Because people’s lives are the most important, we have to achieve the balance between the speed and security. There are some similarities between the fast train and fast growing economy. The idea behind purposely lowering down the economic growth rate target is to ensure the quality of the economic development and to allow more time to address those challenges in the economy.
第三，中国正在改变经济发展方式。多年来，中国经济对出口和政府投资依赖很大。中国和印度成功应对了国际金融危机，中国实施一揽子经济刺激计划，印度也采取迅速有力的措施应对危机，但过于依赖出口和政府投资的经济发展是不可持续的。目前，中国正努力扩大内需。统计数据表明，中国家庭消费对GDP的贡献率仅为35%，印度家庭消费对GDP的贡献率为57%，而美国家庭消费的贡献率为71%。中国要实现扩大内需的目标并不容易，一个问题是人们可能手上没钱，另一个问题是中国人有储蓄的习惯而不愿意消费。因此，首先要解决的问题是让人们手里有钱。中国目前存在比较大的收入差距和地区差距。例如，我曾经在西藏自治区工作，那里的人均GDP和人均净收入仅为全国水平的三分之二。尤其在农村地区，由于收入不高，农民甚至不愿意去医院接受相应的治疗，这一点中印之间有相似之处。最近，中国已经采取措施来解决这些问题。其中一个措施就是提高个人所得税薪酬起征点至3500元人民币，大约6000万工薪阶层受益。第二个要解决的问题是鼓励人们消费。一些人不愿意消费是因为他们有后顾之忧。如果不存钱，而孩子又要上学，钱就不够了;如果退休了，则害怕没有足够钱保障退休后的生活。尤其在城市里，大多数家庭只有一个孩子，如果孩子们长大、结婚，一对年轻夫妇就要赡养四位老人，这是一个非常重的负担。中国正在实施和普及社会保障体系，以解决普通民众的后顾之忧，让人们可以为子女教育、医疗等生活必需开支放心消费。一旦人们有了钱并且愿意消费，扩大内需的目标就实现了。
Third, China seeks to transform the economic development approach. For years, we have heavily relied on the export as well as government investment. India and China have successfully tided over the difficulties brought by the global financial crisis. China introduced the economic stimulus package to deal with the influence of such crisis. India also has done quite well in that regard by taking prompt actions in that area. But relying on export and government investment is not sustainable. Right now China is trying to expend the domestic consumptions. According to one statistics, the contribution by household expenditure to the GDP of China is only 35%. The contribution by the household expenditure to GDP in India is around 57%. Of course USA is doing much better and the household expenditure contribution to GDP is 71%. In China, it’s not easy to achieve the target of expanding the domestic consumptions. One problem is that people may not have money. Second problem is that people are unwilling to spend the money because Chinese people are good at saving money. So the first thing to address is to let people have money. There are big income disparity and regional disparity in China. For example, I once worked in Tibet Autonomous Region (TAR), which is the west part of China. In TAR, the per capita GDP as well as the net income of the people only occupy respectively two thirds of the national average per capita GDP as well as the average income of China. Especially in some agricultural and rural areas, because of the limited income, farmers are even unwilling to go to hospital to receive proper treatment. I think there are lots of similarities between China and India in that regard. Recently, China has taken some measures to address these issues. One measure is to raise the tax threshold to 3500 RMB. Around 60 million wage earners benefit from such tax reduction. The next issue to address is to encourage people to spend money. Some people don’t want to spend money because they have worries. If I don’t save money, when my kid needs go to school, I don’t have money. If I get retired, I don’t have enough money to support my retirement life. Especially in the cities, most families only have one kid. If the kids grow up and get married, one couple needs to support four parents. This is a huge burden. China right now is implementing and popularizing the social security system so as to relieve the worries of the common people. They can feel confident to spend on kid’s education, medical care and other issues of necessities. Once people have money and are willing to spend, we can achieve the goal of expanding the domestic consumptions. |
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发表于 2016-7-11 09:33:43