威廉·莎士比亚简介
威廉·莎士比亚(William Shakespeare,1564-1616),英国文学史上最杰出的戏剧家,也是西方文艺史上最杰出的作家之一,全世界最卓越的文学家之一。他流传下来的作品包括38部戏剧、154首十四行诗、两首长叙事诗和其他诗歌。戏剧创作是莎士比亚主要的成就。
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正如许多作家一样,他的创作也分为三个阶段:前期是浪漫的、激情的、乐观的;中期则表现为现实的、深沉的、忧愤的;到了晚年,又带上对来世彼岸的神秘性思考,表现为悠远的、宗教的、虚无的。
William Shakespeare was an English poet and playwright, widely regarded as the greatest writer in the English language and the world's pre-eminent dramatist. He is often called England's national poet and the "Bard of Avon".
His extant works, including some collaborations, consist of about 38 plays, 154 sonnets, two long narrative poems, and a few other verses. His plays have been translated into every major living language and are performed more often than those of any other playwright.
Shakespeare was a respected poet and playwright in his own day, but his reputation did not rise to its present heights until the 19th century. The Romantics, in particular, acclaimed Shakespeare's genius, and the Victorians worshipped Shakespeare with a reverence that George Bernard Shaw called "bardolatry".
In the 20th century, his work was repeatedly adopted and rediscovered by new movements in scholarship and performance. His plays remain highly popular today and are constantly studied, performed, and reinterpreted in diverse cultural and political contexts throughout the world.
莎士比亚在世时被尊为诗人和剧作家,但直到19世纪他的声望才达到今日的高度。并在20世纪盛名传至亚洲,非洲,拉丁美洲三大洲。浪漫主义时期赞颂莎士比亚的才华,维多利亚时代像英雄一样地尊敬他,被萧伯纳称为莎士比亚崇拜。20世纪,他的作品常常被新学术运动改编并重新发现价值。至今他的作品直至今日依旧广受欢迎,在全球以不同文化和政治形式演出和诠释。
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