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 发表于 2016-7-9 19:32:57
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| 反意疑问句
 反意疑问句相当于“对不对?”“好不好?”“行不行?”,用yes或 no
 回答。由两部分组成,前一部分是陈述句,后一部分是附加疑问短语,中间用逗号隔开,所以反意疑问句又叫附加疑问句。通常的形式是:肯定的陈述句+否定的附加疑问,或否定的陈述句+肯定的附加疑问。
 如:
 He studies English, doesn’t he?
 He doesn’t study English, does he?
 They are from America, aren’t they?
 They are not from America, are they?
 反意疑问句的主要形式:
 1.如果主句是be或其他助动词(如can, shall, will 等),其反意疑问句用同一助动词。
 如:
 We are late, aren’t we?
 You haven’t met my wife, have you?
 He can drive a car, can’t he?
 They used to have difficulty in just making ends meet, didn’t (usedn’t)
 they?
 You’d better eat with knives and forks, hadn’t you?
 2.如果主语带有seldom, hardly, never, rarely, few,
 little等否定词或半否定词时,因为主句本身具有否定意义,附加疑问部分的动词用肯定式,
 如:
 We seldom go to the cinema, do we?
 Sue almost never worked, did she?
 3.如果主句部分是 “I am…”结构,由于”am not” 没有相应的缩略形式,附加疑问部分一般用aren’t I 代替。
 如:
 I am your friend, aren’t I?
 I’m late, aren’t I?
 I am a student, aren’t I?
 在祈使句中的附加疑问部分一般用will you, won’t you.
 4. 在祈使句中的附加疑问部分一般用will you, won’t you.
 如:
 Sit down, will you?
 Have some tea, won’t you?
 Open the window, won’t you?
 这种句子可以理解为: Will you do something?
 如:Will you open the window?
 注意:否定的祈使句之后,只能用will.
 如:
 Don’t forget, will you?
 Don’t make so much noise, will you?
 5.以Let’s… 开头的祈使句,肯定的用shall we? 否定的用all right? 或OK?, 如:
 Let’s go back to our seats, shall we?
 Let’s not have hot food this time, OK? (all right?)
 这种句子可以理解为:Shall we (do something?),
 如:Shall we go back to our seats.这样有助于理解和记忆。
 注意:Let’s 与Let us 的区别:Let’s包括听话人在内,应用shall we, 而Let us
 不包括听话人在内,表示“请你让我们…”,要用will you.
 如:
 Let’s watch the news on TV, shall we? (表示建议)
 Let us watch the news on TV, will you? (表示请求)
 6.主句是I suppose, I think, I believe等时,附加疑问部分则往往与that
 从句中的主语和谓语动词保持对应关系,但要注意否定的转移。
 如:
 I suppose that you know the meaning of the word, don’t you?
 (这句话明显是要问“你是不是知道?”而不是问“我是不是这样认为?”)
 I don’t think that you have read the book, have you?
 7.当主句的动词have 表示“拥有”时,附加疑问既可用have, 也可用do,
 如:
 You have a color TV set, haven’t you/don’t you?
 当主句的have不表示“拥有”而表示其他意思时,附加疑问要用do,
 如:
 You had a cold yesterday, didn’t you?
 They don’t have coffee with breakfast, do they?
 8.There be句型的反意疑问句,用there 作主语。
 如:
 There is something wrong, isn’t there?
 There won’t be any trouble, will there? 不会有任何麻烦,是吗?
 9.陈述部分的主语是everyone, someone, anyone, no one, nobody等不定代词时,其疑问部分的主语可用he,
 也可用they.
 如:
 Everyone knows it, doesn’t he/don’t they?
 英语反意疑问句的回答有点和汉语的相反。但一定要记住:只要回答是肯定的,都用yes,只要回答是否定的,都用no。这在主句是否定句的时候要特别注意。
 例如:
 Mr. Jones can’t speak French, can he? ?No, he
 can’t.琼斯先生不会讲法语,对吗??对,他不会讲法语。
 Mr. Jones can’t speak French, can he? ?Yes, he
 can.琼斯先生不会讲法语,对吗??不,他会讲法语。
 This is not a door, is it? -Yes, it is. It is an iron
 door.这不是门,对吗??不,这是门。是扇铁门。
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