英语六级听力题型-短文听写方法归纳

英语自学网

短文听写作为六级听力题型之一，录音共播放三次，考生有足够时间，而就试题本质而言，实际上也是一种完形填空。考生可以在听前充分利用已给出的书面材料对空格处所填内容进行推测。听力是衡量一个人语言基本能力(听说读写)的重要方面之一，听力分数高低与考试是否通过有直接关系。听写的方法很多，文都四六级在这里为大家提供一种经过历年真题和教学实践经验基础上梳理总结的一种操作性强的方法。
在播放directions部分时，快速浏览文章，把握文章大意，预测空格信息。
三大预测技巧：
技巧一：利用语法结构。根据句子的主谓搭配、动宾搭配、虚拟、倒装等语法结构判断所填单词的词性和形式。
技巧二：利用逻辑衔接。根据上下文的逻辑关系，如并列、转折、递进、因果、假设等推测所填词的大意。
技巧三：利用固定搭配。根据所填词与其前后的词语构成的固定搭配或习惯表达来推测所填词的形式和含义。
【真题示例】(2013.12 Section C 第一套)
“Because it's the 29 ，“Or even” I don't know.” The reason for these and countless other patterns of social behavior is that they are 30 by social norms — shared rules or guidelines which prescribe the behavior that is appropriate in a given situation. Norms 31 how people "ought" to behave under particular circumstances in a particular society. We conform (遵守) to norms so readily that we are hardly aware they 32 . In fact, we are much more likely to notice 33 from norms than conformity to them. You would not be surprised if a stranger tried to shake hands when you were introduced, but you might be a little 34 if they bowed, started to stroke you, or kissed you on both 35 . Yet each of these other forms of greeting is appropriate in other parts of the world. When we visit another society whose norms are different, we quickly become aware that things we do this way, they do that way.
【预测技巧】
29. 空前的定冠词the表明，此处缺少名词。
30. 空前的系动词are与空后的表被动的介词by表明此处应填入一个动词的过去分词形式，构成被动语态。
31. 空前的名词norms与空后how引导的从句表明此处缺少一个动词做该句的谓语。
32. 空前的we are aware they，符合be aware (that)的用法，they与空格要构成aware后面的从句，空格处要填写一个谓语动词。
33. 空前的动词notice表明，空格处缺少一个名词做宾语。
34. 空前的系动词be表明，空格处缺少一个名词或形容词作表语。根据上下文语义，该空填形容词的可能性较大。
35. 空前的介词on表明，空格处应填入一个名词，以构成介宾结构。
注：用时1分钟，没有预测出来的也没有关系，不要纠结，不要耽搁预测其他信息的时间。
【录音原文】
When Captain Cook asked the chiefs in Tahiti why they always ate apart and alone, they replied, “Because it is right.” If we ask Americans why they eat with knives and forks, or why their men wear pants instead of skirts, or why they may be married to only one person at a time, we are likely to get similar and very uninformative answers: “Because it's right.” “Because that's the way it's done.” “Because it's the custom，“Or even” I don't know.” The reason for these and countless other patterns of social behavior is that they are controlled by social norms — shared rules or guidelines which prescribe the behavior that is appropriate in a given situation. Norms define how people "ought" to behave under particular circumstances in a particular society. We conform (遵守) to norms so readily that we are hardly aware they exist. In fact, we are much more likely to notice departures from norms than conformity to them. You would not be surprised if a stranger tried to shake hands when you were introduced, but you might be a little startled if they bowed, started to stroke you, or kissed you on both cheeks. Yet each of these other forms of greeting is appropriate in other parts of the world. When we visit another society whose norms are different, we quickly become aware that things we do this way, they do that way.
【答案】
29. custom“风俗习惯，传统”
30. controlled “控制”
31. define“定义”
32. exist“存在”
33. departures “背离，偏差”
34. startled “吃惊的”
35. cheeks “面孔、脸蛋”