The Nobel Prize in Physics has been awarded to a woman for the first time
in 55 years, and for only the third time in its history.
诺贝尔物理学奖时隔55年来再次颁发给女性，此举也是历史上的第三次。
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Donna Strickland, a Canadian physicist, was awarded the 2018 prize jointly
with Gérard Mourou, from France, for their work on generating high-intensity,
ultra-short optical pulses. They share the award with an American, Arthur
Ashkin, who at 96 becomes the oldest Nobel Laureate, for developing "optical
tweezers."
加拿大物理学家唐娜.斯特里克兰德与法国物理学家杰拉德.穆卢共同摘得2018年诺贝尔物理学奖，他们在产生高强度、超短光脉冲领域作出了杰出贡献。同样获奖的还有美国人阿瑟.阿什金。阿什金现年96岁，他因开发“光镊”而成为最年长的诺贝尔奖得主。
Both inventions had "revolutionized laser physics," the Royal Swedish
Academy said.
瑞典皇家科学院表示，这两项发明“彻底改变了激光物理学”。
The announcement comes a day after a senior scientist at CERN was suspended
for saying that physics was invented and built by men.
此前一天，欧洲核子研究中心的一位资深科学家因表示，物理学是由人类创建并一砖一瓦建造起来的。
Strickland said the achievements of women scientists deserved recognition.
"We need to celebrate women physicists because we’re out there. I’m honored to
be one of those women," Strickland said by video link at a news conference
following the announcement in Stockholm.
斯特里克兰德认为女科学家的成就值得肯定。“我们需要认可并赞美女物理学家，因为这就是我们所处的境地。我很荣幸能成为这些女性中的一员。
Marie Curie was the first woman to win a Nobel Prize in Physics in 1903,
recognized for her co-discovery of radiation, followed by Maria Goeppert-Mayer
in 1963 for discoveries about nuclear structure.
玛丽.居里是1903年第一个获得诺贝尔物理学奖的科学家，她因与同事共同发现放射性元素而获得诺贝尔奖。1963年，玛丽亚.戈培尔-梅耶因发现核结构而获得诺贝尔奖。
Strickland she said she thought there might have been more than three
physics laureates, adding: "Hopefully, in time, it will start to move forward at
a faster rate."
斯特里克兰德说，她觉得可能会有三个以上的物理学奖得主，并补充说:“希望随着时间的推移，物理学会以更快的速度前进。”
Strickland and Mourou’s development of very short and intense laser pulses,
known as "chirped pulse amplification," have made it possible to cut or drill
holes in materials and living matter incredibly precisely. The technology they
pioneered has led to corrective eye operations for millions of people.
斯特里克兰德和穆卢发明了一种短而强的激光脉冲，被称为“啁啾脉冲放大”，这使得精确地切割或钻孔材料或生命物质成为可能。他们开创的这项技术已使数百万人成功完成眼睛矫正手术。 | 
发表于 2018-10-13 14:48:49