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发表于 2018-9-23 02:14:44
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11. Do a little every day, but don’t let it be your whole day. “This
afternoon, I will read a chapter of something and do half a problem set. Then, I
will watch an episode of South Park and go to the gym” always beats “Starting
right now, I am going to read as much as I possibly can…oh wow, now it’s
midnight, I’m on page five, and my room reeks of ramen and dysfunction.”
每天完成一个小任务,但是别让这个任务占满你的一天。“今天下午,我只读一个章节,然后完成半页问题。然后我去看一集《南方公园》,再去健身房。”这永远比下面这种情况高效:“从现在开始,我要使劲学习,能学多少学多少……哦我的天已经深夜了,我才看到第五页,我的房间里都是泡面的怪味儿。”
12. Give yourself incentive. There’s nothing worse than a gaping abyss of
study time. If you know you’re going out in six hours, you’re more likely to get
something done.
给自己一些激励。没有啥比落入苦学的无底深渊更糟糕了,如果你知道6个小时后就能出去玩,你就有可能更快完成功课。
13. Allow friends to confiscate your phone when they catch you playing
Angry Birds. Oh and if you think you need a break, you probably don’t.
如果被朋友撞见你在玩游戏,允许他们没收你的手机。对了,如果你觉得需要歇会儿了,其实你并不需要。
✩ Phase III: Assignments
第三阶段:作业
14. Stop highlighting. Underlining is supposed to keep you focused, but
it’s actually a one-way ticket to Autopilot Brain. You zone out, look down, and
suddenly you have five pages of neon green that you don’t remember reading.
Write notes in the margins instead.
别用马克笔划重点了。把重点画下来也许是为了让自己更专注,但这有时候是纵容大脑开启自动驾驶模式。你在那里画啊画啊,然后你发现你画绿了5页书,什么也没看进脑子里。不如在书的空白处记笔记吧。
15. Do all your own work. You get nothing out of copying a problem set.
It’s also shady.
所有功课自己完成。抄作业什么用也没有,还挺不光彩的。
16. Read as much as you can. No way around it. Stop trying to cheat with
Sparknotes.
尽量去看书,没有捷径。别再用文学指南网站来假装自己看过书了。
17. Be a smart reader, not a robot (lol). Ask yourself: What is the author
trying to prove? What is the logical progression of the argument? You can
usually answer these questions by reading the introduction and conclusion of
every chapter. Then, pick any two examples/anecdotes and commit them to memory
(write them down). They will help you reconstruct the author’s argument later
on.
做一个聪明的读者,而不是机器人。问问自己:作者究竟想要证明什么?他论证的逻辑脉络是什么?你可以从每章的开篇介绍及结论部分找到答案。然后找一两个例子记下来(写下来),日后它们会帮你重新构建作者的观点。
18. Don’t read everything, but understand everything that you read. Better
to have a deep understanding of a limited amount of material, than to have a
vague understanding of an entire course. Once again: Vague is bad. Vague is a
waste of your time.
不要想着读遍所有的书,但是要理解你读的每一本书。深刻理解有限的资料比模糊理解所有资料要好得多。再说一遍,
模棱两可是很不好的,模棱两可就是浪费时间。
19. Bullet points. For essays, summarizing, everything.
列出要点。用这种方式去写论文,写总结,做任何事情。
✩ Phase IV: Reading Period (Review Week)
第四阶段:阅读(复习周)
20. Once again: do not move into the library. Eat, sleep, and bathe.
再说一遍,别住进图书馆。要吃,要睡,要洗澡。
21. If you don’t understand it, it will definitely be on the exam.Solution:
textbooks; the internet.
如果这个知识点你不会,那它就一定会被考到。解决办法就是,回去看教材, 上网查资料。
22. Do all the practice problems. This one is totally tiger mom.
一道练习题都不要放过,这是虎妈教的。
23. People are often contemptuous of rote learning. Newsflash: even at
great intellectual bastions like Harvard, you will be required to memorize
formulas, names and dates. To memorize effectively: stop reading your list over
and over again. It doesn’t work. Say it out loud, write it down. Remember how
you made friends? Have them quiz you, then return the favor.
人们总是轻视死记硬背。
但是你知道吗,即便在哈佛这种聪明人云集的地方,你还是会被要求背诵公式、人名、日期。怎样背诵才能更有效呢?别把你要背的东西反复看来看去了,没用的。要大声念出来,写下来。还记得你交的朋友吗?让他们考考你,你也考考他们。
24. Again with the friends: ask them to listen while you explain a
difficult concept to them. This forces you to articulate your understanding.
Remember, vague is bad.
还是和朋友有关的建议,你可以让他们听你解释一个很难的概念,这会逼着你清楚表达你所理解的知识。记得我说的吗,模棱两可是很不好的。
25. Go for the big picture. Try to figure out where a specific concept fits
into the course as a whole. This will help you tap into Big Themes – every class
has Big Themes – which will streamline what you need to know. You can learn a
million facts, but until you understand how they fit together, you’re missing
the point.
掌握宏观的知识脉络。弄明白一个具体概念是在你所学的知识的哪一部分,这会帮你掌握一个大理论,而每一门课都会有一个大理论,它会帮你串起所有的知识点。你会学到无数个知识点,但是只有当你把知识点都串起来了,你才不会错过要点。
✩ Phase V: Exam Day
第五阶段:考试
26. Crush exam. Get A.
完爆试卷,考个A!
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