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发表于 2018-9-15 17:10:14
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Hoarding disorder is defined as having an excessive number of items, having
persistent difficulty throwing possessions away and storing them in a chaotic
manner, to such an extent that this interferes with everyday living and causes
significant distress or affects quality of life.
囤积症的定义是,拥有的物品数量过多、一直很难扔掉物品以及杂乱地囤积物品,且到达了扰乱日常生活的程度,造成严重的痛苦或影响到生活质量。
Those affected will collect anything, such as clothes, newspapers, photos,
even printouts of emails, till receipts and grass cuttings, says Dr Stuart
Whomsley, an NHS clinical psychologist who practises in Corby,
Northamptonshire.
在(英国)北安普敦郡的科比工作的英国国民保健体系临床心理学家斯图亚特-霍姆斯里博士说,囤积症患者会囤积任何东西,比如衣服、报纸、照片,甚至打印出的电邮、收据和碎草屑。
While some hang on to pretty much everything they have, others collect
specific items. ‘Hoarders fear making the wrong decision about what to keep and
what to throw out, so they keep everything,’ says Dr Whomsley.
一些囤积症患者什么都囤,还有一些则囤积特定的物品。“什么该留什么该扔,囤积症患者害怕做出错误的决定,所以他们囤积所有的物品。”
‘It is a psychological condition and not a lifestyle choice,’ he adds. ‘It
can be associated with other mental health conditions such as depression and
social anxiety, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), post-traumatic
stress disorder (PTSD), or OCD.’
他补充说:“这是一种心理学病症,而不是一种生活方式。囤积症可能与其他的精神疾病有关,比如抑郁症、社交焦虑症、注意力缺陷多动症、创伤后应激障碍或者强迫症。”
Hoarders may also have perfectionist tendencies, be prone to
procrastination and have problems planning and organizing.
囤积狂也可能有完美主义倾向,易患拖延症,无法做到有条不紊。
Many of those affected will have had hoarding tendencies since childhood
but living with their parents or a partner meant that it wasn’t allowed to get
out of hand,’ says Dr Whomsley.
霍姆斯里博士说:“很多患有囤积症的人打小就喜欢囤积物品,但和父母或伴侣一起居住意味着情况还不至于失控。”
‘The most common time for it to come to a head is when people are
middle-aged or older and living alone.’ The condition is often triggered by a
traumatic event such as a bereavement or divorce.
“一般这些人到中年以后或开始独居时会失控。”囤积症常由创伤事件引发,比如丧亲或者离异。
‘One theory is that having experienced loss in the past, a person is primed
to resist any further losses, hence their reluctance to part with things,’ adds
Dr Whomsley. Hoarding can have far-reaching effects on a person’s life. Heather
Matuozzo, who runs the Clouds End hoarders support group in Solihull, West
Midlands, says people can lose their children and their homes due to
hoarding.
霍姆斯里博士补充说:“一种理论认为,如果一个人在过去经历过失去,那么他在今后就不愿失去任何东西,所以就无法扔掉东西。”囤积症可能对一个人的生活产生深远影响。希瑟-马拓佐说,人们可能因为囤积症与孩子和家人分开。希瑟-马拓佐在英国西米德兰兹郡经营“云端”囤积症支持机构。
‘It can be very serious and yet people with this condition don’t get much
sympathy as it is seen as self-inflicted rather than an illness. Hopefully, that
will now change.’
“囤积症可能会很严重,但囤积症患者得不到多少同情,因为人们认为这是他们自己造成的,而不是一种病。希望人们能改变这种看法。”
Treatment options include a mix of phased decluttering and psychological
therapies, including individual and group cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT), a
talking therapy to encourage people to think about their reactions to everyday
events differently.
囤积症的疗法包括分阶段进行的多种整理操作和心理治疗,比如个人和群体认知行为疗法、通过谈话疗法鼓励人们从不同的角度看待他们对日常事件的反应等。
Clearing out someone’s cluttered house is rarely effective on its own, says
Dr Whomsley.
霍姆斯里博士说,清理杂乱的房间本身很难奏效。
‘That won’t solve the problem because they will just fill it up again, and
there’s nearly always an underlying psychological cause that needs addressing,’
he says.
他说:“这解决不了问题,因为他们会把房间再次塞满,而且总是有潜在的心理问题需要解决。”
英文来源:每日邮报
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