双语：这10种食物的发源地让你意想不到

英语自学网

　　羊角面包来自法国，黑森林蛋糕来自黑森林，咖喱鸡来自印度，披萨来自意大利，德国泡菜来自德国。果真如此吗?
        　　真相可能跟你想的并不一样。
        　　1. Haggis 肉馅羊肚
        　　Scotland’s national dish was in fact first recorded in an English cookbook,
the fourteenth-century ‘Liber Cure Cocorum’. Nor were the Scots the first to
have the brainwave of putting hideous offal in a stomach and then eating it:
some gastronomic historians argue that an ur-Haggis was created by the Romans in
order to feed their troops.
        　　事实上，苏格兰国菜肉馅羊肚最早记录在14世纪的英国食谱《Liber Cure
Cocorum》上。苏格兰人也不是最先想到将动物内脏放进羊肚来吃的人：一些美食历史学家争论说，肉馅羊肚是罗马人为了给士兵填饱肚子发明的。
        　　2. Croissants 羊角面包
        　　Not French, but Viennese. Indeed there is a (kind of dubious) story that
their crescent shape harks back to a triumph over the Turks. Is nothing
sacré?
        　　发明羊角面包的不是法国人，而是维也纳人。关于羊角面包的月牙形状，据说跟战胜土耳其人有关，不过这故事可信度存疑。连羊角面包的起源都能出错，还有什么是值得相信的呢?
        　　3. Chicken tikka masala 咖喱鸡
        　　This one is contested by Indian chefs, but a Glaswegian restaurateur called
Ahmed Aslam Ali claims he invented Britain’s favorite curry in the 1970s.
        　　据说，咖喱鸡是印度大厨发明的，但是苏格兰格拉斯哥一位名为艾哈迈德·阿斯拉姆·阿里的餐馆老板宣称，英国人最爱的这道咖喱菜是他在上世纪70年代发明的。
        　　4. Pizza 披萨
        　　Funnily enough, the Italians were not the first to embellish bread with
toppings. The ancient Greeks put oils, herbs and cheese on their flatbreads, and
while this concoction didn’t include tomato, neither do modern “white
pizzas”.
        　　有趣的是，意大利人并不是最早在面包上加馅料的人。古希腊人会在面饼上放油、蔬菜和奶酪，不过古希腊人的“披萨”上不放番茄，和现代的“白披萨”一样。
        　　5. Tea 茶
        　　Nineteenth-century Britain somehow contrived to make a national drink of a
shrub produced on the other side of the world. Tea was first brewed in China,
and is for the most part still produced in Asia.
        　　不知何故，19世纪的英国人把产于世界另一端的灌木变成了自己的民族饮品。茶最早是在中国发明的，而且时至今日大多数茶叶依然出产自亚洲。

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        　　6. Potatoes 土豆
        　　You thought potatoes came from Ireland. In fact, potatoes, like tomatoes,
were imported from the Americas in the 16th century by the Spanish.
        　　你以为土豆来自爱尔兰，事实上，土豆和番茄一样，都是16世纪西班牙人从美洲大陆进口的。
        　　7. Black Forest gateau 黑森林蛋糕
        　　Not in fact baked in the depths of the Black Forest. The cake is thought to
have been invented in Bonn, a full 300km north of the forest. The only
connection with the forest is that its creator used a cherry-flavored liquor
taken from the area.
        　　黑森林蛋糕实际上不是在黑森林深处烤出来的。据说，这种蛋糕是在黑森林以北300千米的德国波恩发明的。事实上，黑森林蛋糕和黑森林的唯一关联是发明者在烘焙时使用了产自黑森林的樱桃风味酒。
        　　8. Sauerkraut 德国泡菜
        　　Despite having a preposterously German name, sauerkraut – sour white strips
of fermented cabbage – is Chinese, and only came to Europe via the Tartars. Once
it reached the Western world, sauerkraut’s long shelf life helped Captain Cook’s
crew avoid scurvy.
        　　尽管名叫德国泡菜，但这种酸酸的腌白菜条其实来自中国，是经由鞑靼人传到欧洲的。这种保质期超长的泡菜进入西方世界之后，帮助库克船长的船员们抵挡了坏血病。
        　　9. Spaghetti Bolognese 意大利肉酱面
        　　Bolognese cuisine traditionally pairs meaty tomato sauce with tagliatelle
and lasagne – never with spaghetti. “Spaghetti bolognese” appears to have been
cooked up by Italian expats either in UK or in the USA.
        　　意大利波伦亚人通常将番茄肉酱和意式干面或意式宽面一起烹饪，从来不和通心粉一起做。意大利肉酱面似乎是意大利移民在英国或美国烹饪出来的。
        　　10. Ketchup 番茄酱
        　　At least before tomato was added by the Americans, ketchup was a Chinese
dish. Composed mostly of pickled fish and spices, it was known as “kicap” until
its name became anglicized.
        　　至少在美国人往里面加番茄之前，ketchup是一道中国菜，由腌鱼和调料制成。其原名为kicap，后来这个名字被英国化了。