Since the 1940s,southern California has had a reputation for smog. Things
are not as bad as they once were but, according to the American Lung
Association, Los Angeles is still the worst city in the United States for levels
of 26 .Gazing down on the city from the Getty Center, an art museum in the Santa
Monica Mountains, one would find the view of the Pacific Ocean blurred by the
haze(霾).Nor is the state’s bad air 27 to its south. Fresno, in the central
valley, comes top of the list in America for year-round pollution. Residents’
hearts and lungs are affected as a 28 .
All of which, combined with California’s reputation as the home of
technological 29 ,makes the place ideal for developing and testing systems
designed to monitor pollution in 30 .And that is just what Aclima, a new firm in
San Francisco, has been doing over the past few months. It has been trying out
monitoring that are 31 to yield minute-to-minute maps of 32 air pollution. Such
stations will also be able to keep an eye on what is happening inside buildings,
including offices.
To this end, Aclima has been 33 with Google’s Street View system. Davida
Herzl, Aclima’s boss, says they have revealed pollution highs on days when San
Francisco’s transit workers went on strike and the city’s 34 were forced to use
their cars. Conversely, “cycle to work” days have done their job by 35 pollution
lows.
A) assisted B)collaborating C)consequence D)consumers E)creating
46. Why does the author say that one needn’t be concerned about memory
slips?
A) Not all of them are symptoms of dementia.
B) They occur only among certain groups of people.
C) Not all of them are related to one’s age.
D) They are quite common among fifty-year-olds.
47. What happens as we become aged according to the passage?
A) Our interaction skills deteriorate.
B) Some parts of our brain stop functioning.
C) Communication within our brain weakens.
D) Our whole brain starts shrinking.
48. Which memory-related symptom should people take seriously?
A) Totally forgetting how to do one’s daily routines.
B) Inability to recall details of one’s life experiences.
C) Failure to remember the names of movies or actors.
D) Occasionally confusing the addresses of one’s friends.
49. What should people do when signs of serious memory loss show up?
A) Check the brain’s cognitive reserve. C) Turn to a professional for
assistance.
B) Stop medications affecting memory. D) Exercise to improve their
well-being.
50. What is Dr Daffner’s advice for combating memory loss?
A) Having regular physical and mental checkups.
B) Taking medicine that helps boost one’s brain.
C) Engaging in known memory repair activities.
D) Staying active both physically and mentally.
真题一Passage one答案：
46. A) Not all of them are symptoms of dementia.
47. C) Communication within our brain weakens.
48. A) Totally forgetting how to do one’s daily routines.
49. A) Check the brain’s cognitive reserve.
50. D) Staying active both physically and mentally.
真题一Passage one解析：
46. 答案A
解析：题干问的是原因，根据定位词needn’t be concerned和memory slips定位到第一段第三句，其中needn’t be
concerned和needn’t worry是同义替换，第四句表明原因：there are pretty clear differences between
signs of dementia and age-related memory
loss痴呆和因年长导致的记忆缺失有明显的区别，与A选项意思一致。其他三个选项均不符题意。
47. 答案C
解析：根据定位词become aged定位到第三段，其中the brain ages和become
aged为同义替换，注意第二段没有考点不需要读。原文changes in brain cells can affect communication
between different regions of the brain与C选项意思一致。其他三个选项均不符题意。
48. 答案A
解析：题干问的是“人们应该严肃对待哪一种记忆相关的症状”，根据定位词take seriously定位到第五段，文中more serious与take
seriously是同义替换，文中when you forget entire experience与A选项Totally forgetting how to
do one’s daily routines是同义替换，故答案为A。
其他三个选项均不符题意。
49. 答案A
解析：根据定位词signs of serious memory loss show up定位到倒数第二段最后一句，原文brain cognitive
reserve与A选项意思一致。其他三个选项均不符题意。
Living in an urban area with green spaces has a long-lasting positive
impact on people’s mental well-being, a study has suggested, UK researchers
found moving to a green space had a sustained positive effect, unlike pay rises
or promotions, which only provided a short –term boost. Co-author Mathew White,
from the University of Exeter, UK, explained that the study showed people living
in greener urban areas were displaying fewer signs of depression or anxiety.
“There could be a number of reasons.” he said, “for example, people do many
things to make themselves happier; they strive for promotion or pay rises, or
they get married. But the trouble with those things is that within six months to
a year, people are back to their original baseline levels of well-being. So,
these things are not sustainable; they don’t make us happy in the long term. We
found that for some lottery (彩票) winners who had won more than £500,000 the
positive effect was definitely there, but after six months to a year, they were
back to the baseline.”
Dr. White said his team wanted to see whether living in greener urban areas
has a lasting positive effect on people’s sense of well-being or whether the
effect also disappeared after a period of time. To do this, the team used data
from the British Household Panel Survey compiled by University of Essex.
Explaining what the data revealed, he said: “what you see is that even
after three years, mental health is still better, which is unlike many other
things that we think will make us happy.” He observed that people living in
green spaces were less stressed, and less mm sensible decisions and communicated
better.
With a growing body of evidence establishing a link between urban green
spaces and a positive impact on human well-being. Dr. White said, “There’s
growing interest among public policy officials, but the trouble is who funds it.
What we really need at a policy level is to decide where the money will come
from to help support good quality local green spaces.”
46. According to one study, what do green spaces do to people?
A) Improve their work efficiency.
B) Add to their sustained happiness.
C) Help them build a positive attitude towards life.
D) Lesson their concerns about material well-being.
47. What does Dr. White say people usually do to make themselves
happier?
A) Earn more money.
B) Settle in an urban area.
C) Gain fame and popularity.
D) Live in a green environment.
48. What does Dr. White try to find out about living in a greener urban
area?
A) How it affects different people.
B) How strong its positive effect is.
C) How long its positive effect lasts.
D) How it benefits people physically.
49. What did Dr. White research reveal about people living in a green
environment?
A) Their stress was more apparent than real.
B) Their decisions required less deliberation.
C) Their memories were greatly strengthened.
D) Their communication with others improved.
50. According to Dr. White, what should the government do to build more
green spaces in cities?
A) Find financial support.
B) Improve urban planning.
C) Involve local residents in the effort.
D) Raise public awareness of the issue.
真题二Passage one答案：
46.B) Add to their sustained happiness.
47. A) Earn more money.
48. C) How long its positive effect lasts.
49. D) Their communication with others improved.
50. A) Find financial support.
真题二Passage one解析：
46. 答案B
解析：根据题干关键词one study和green spaces定位到第一段第一句Living in an urban area with green
spaces has a long-lasting positive impact on people’s mental well-being, a study
has suggested, 其中long-lasting和A选项中的sustained 是同义替换，
well-being和happiness是同义替换，故选A选项，其余均不符合题意。
47. 答案A
解析：根据题干关键词Dr.White，people和make themselves happier定位到 第一段的第四句people do many
things to make themselves happier; they strive for promotion or pay rises, or
they get married，其中 pay rises是A选项中的Earn more money的同义替换。
48. 答案C
解析：题干的意思是“关于住在更加绿化的城市地区，Dr.White 想发现什么”，根据关键词find out可定位到第二段第一句：Dr. White
said his team wanted to see whether living in greener urban areas has a lasting
positive effect on people’s sense of well-being or whether the effect also
disappeared after a period of time，其中lasting positive effect 和C选项的How long its
positive effect lasts正好吻合，故选C。
49. 答案D
解析：根据关键词reveal和people定位到第三段Explaining what the data revealed和He observed
that people living in green spaces were less stressed, and less mm sensible
decisions and communicated better，其中communicated better和D选项中的communication
improved是同义替换，其他选项或是未提及，或是意思相反。
50. 答案A
解析：最后一题答案一般在最后一段，根据关键词government定位，会发现正好和文中的public policy
officials是同义替换，分析信息句There’s growing interest among public policy officials, but
the trouble is who funds it. What we really need at a policy level is to decide
where the money will come from to help support good quality local green
spaces.”，会发现这句话的中心词就是money和support，正好和A选项中的financial support是同义替换。
发表于 2018-6-30 18:14:53
