Buses were the main transportation tools for Chinese people in the past. In
recent years, the traffic problems are getting increasingly serious due to the
growing number of private cars. In order to encourage more people to travel by
buses, many cities are sparing no effort to improve the service quality of
buses, updating the facilities of the vehicles and making the speed faster.
Nevertheless，the buses fares are still inexpensive. Currently, numerous local
senior citizens can take buses for free in most cities.
按照每句翻译步骤“找主干-定两态-加修饰”指导，第一步先确定出该句主干为“公交车是工具”;第二步，鉴于该句为陈述一个过去的情况并有明显过去时间标志“曾”，可加出一个“过去”的时间状语，无明显被动倾向，故选取一般过去时与主动语态;第三步，加出修饰成分，该句主要是定语考点，“工具”的定语选择为前置定语的“主要main”和“交通transportation”，以及后置定语的“中国人出行的for
Chinese people”,对应形容词名词前置和介词短语后置的知识点。故全句翻译如下：Buses were the main transportation
tools for Chinese people in the past.
②近年来，由于私家车数量不断增多，城市的交通问题越来越严重。
遵从上文所述三个步骤，并且结合该句有个明显的逻辑标志词“由于”，可判断该句含有原因状语，可处理为because引导的原因状语从句或者用due
to/because of引导的原因状语短语，故全句翻译如下：In recent years, the traffic problems are getting
increasingly serious due to the growing number of private cars.
从前后句之间的逻辑关系发现，第三句出现了明显的目的状语标志词“为了”，可以用万能句型“to do/in order
to”译出，第四句的整句即为第三句“改善公交车的服务质量”的具体手段，故可用非限定性定语从句与前句合写。全句翻译如下：In order to encourage
more people to travel by buses, many cities are sparing no effort to improve the
service quality of buses, updating the facilities of the vehicles and making the
speed faster.
⑤然而，公交车的票价却依然相当低廉。
此句为非常简单的主系表结构，并且与前句间存在明显转折逻辑词汇“然而”，票价这个词汇可选取比较专业的“fare”，使用“ticket
price”也可。“低廉”这个词很多同学可能会选择“cheap”，但是该词主要是指商品本身质量较低而导致的低廉，介于文意指公交服务拥有超高的性价比，选取表达物美价廉的“inexpensive”更佳。
故全句翻译如下：Nevertheless，the buses fares are still more than inexpensive.
⑥现在，在大多数城市，许多当地的老年市民都可以免费乘坐公交车。
最后一个句子有个陷阱，即中文中把表示地点的短语放于句子主干之前，所以根据“(时间状语)主干-方式状语-地点状语-时间状语”的语序进行调整，避免了由于地点状语前置产生的倒装现象。故全句翻译如下：Currently,
numerous local senior citizens can take buses for free in most cities.
发表于 2018-6-30 18:13:17
