There is no denying that students should learn something about how
computers work，just as we expect them at least to understand that the
internal-combustion engine(内燃机)has something to do with burning fuel， expanding
gases and pistons (活塞)being driven.For people should have some basic idea of
how the things that they use do what they do. Further，students might be helped
by a course that considers the computer‘s impact on society.But that is not
what is meant by computer literacy.For computer literacy is not a formof
literacy (读写能力);it is a trade skill that should not be taught as a liberal
art.
Learning how to use a computer and learning how to program one are two
distinct activities.A case might be made that the competent citizens of
tomorrow should free themselves from their fear of computers.But this is quite
different from saying that all ought to know how to program one. Leave that to
people who havechosen programming as a career.While programming can be lots of
fun，and while our society needs some people who are experts at it，the same is
true of auto repair and violin-making.
Learning how to use a computer is not that difficult，and it gets easier
all the time as programs become more “user-friendly”。Let us assume that in the
future everyone is going to have to know how to use a computer to be a competent
citizen.What does the phrase learning to use a computer mean? It sounds like
“learning to drive a car”，that is，it sounds as if there is some set of
definite skills that，once acquired，enable one to use a computer.
In fact，“learning to use a computer” is much more like “learning to play a
game”，but learning the rulesof one game may not help you play a second game，whose rules may not be the same.There is no such a thingas teaching someone how
to use a computer.One can only teach people to use this or that program and
generally that is easily accomplished.
练习题：
Choose correct answers to the question：
1.To be the competent citizens of tomorrow，people should _______.
A.try to lay a solid foundation in computer science
B.be aware of how the things that they use do what they do
C.learn to use a computer by acquiring a certain set of skills
D.understand that programming a computer is more essential than repairing
a car
2.In the second paragraph“auto repair”and“violin-making”are mentioned to
show that _______ .
A.programming a computer is as interesting as making a violin
B.our society needs experts in different fields
C.violin making requires as much skill as computer programming
D.people who can use a computer don‘t necessarily have to know computer
programming
3.Learning to use a computer is getting easier all the time because
_______ .
A.programs are becoming less complicated
B.programs are designed to be convenient to users
C.programming is becoming easier and easier
D.programs are becoming readily available to computer users
4.According to the author，the phrase“learning to use a
computer”(Lines3，4，Para.3) means learning _______.
A.a set of rules B. the fundamentals of computer science
C.specific programs D. general principles of programming
5.The author‘s purpose in writing this passage is _______.
A.to stress the impact of the computer on society
B.to explain the concept of computer literacy
C.to illustrate the requirements for being competent citizens of
tomorrow
D.to emphasize that computer programming is an interesting and challenging
job
答案及解析：
1.[C]
推理判断题。第2段提到未来有能力的人应该从恐惧中解脱出来，第3段则提到学习计算机则就像是“学开车”一样，只要掌握某套技能即可，故可知有能力的人只需要通过掌握技能学习计算机即可，而不必学习编程，故C正确。
2.[D]
词义理解题。在第2段中，作者强调一般人只需学会使用计算机，而不必学会编程，最后指出这与“汽车修理”和“小提琴制作”一样，可见作者提到“汽车修理”(类似一般人使用计算机)和“小提琴创作”(数似于电
脑专业人员编程)还是为了说明上文的观点，故D正确。
3.[B] 事实细节题。第3段首句提到学习使用计算机越来越容易的原因是计算机编程变得更user-friendly， B中的convenient to
users与此相符，故正确。
4.[C] 句意理解题。第4段指出教人学习使用计算机就是教人use this or that program，故C与此相符。
5.[B] 主旨大意题。本文围绕学生应如何学习计算机，阐述计算机能力(computer
literacy)的概念;它只是一种技能，故B正确。A、C、D均只是利用文中的片言只语拼凑而成的干扰项，不足以概括文章大意。
发表于 2017-3-29 17:53:51