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托福写作万能例子：托福写作中，例子是非常重要的，提到关于艺术的例子，大家写来写去，好像也总是毕加索，梵高等，即无趣也容易造成雷同。下面为您整理一些关于艺术的新鲜例子，大家有什么更新鲜有趣的存货，也可以跟大家一起分享一下哦。
1.创新
Marcel Duchamp
先是 马塞尔
杜尚，这是现代艺术史中的传奇人物，创意百出，信马由缰，最出名的乱搞是在摊上买了一个尿池，命名为《泉》，拿到艺术馆展出。杜尚家底十分殷实，是少有的走在时代尖端而不用忍受贫穷的艺术家。他涉及的艺术领域极其广泛，可以看作近代艺术里的达芬奇。
他的例子几乎可以用到所有跟艺术相关的题目，其他类的部分题目也可以用(比如创新，outsider什么的—用来做补充：不需要是外来者，只要保持观念开放依然可以成就breakingthrough的achievement)
背景：French-born American artist (though he always denied being “an
artist”)
His works had a major impact to the direction of 20 century art. All his
life, he changed the form of art as well as himself. He introduced the European
movement Cubism(立体主义) and dada(达达主义) to United States, and was influential in
surrealist(超现实主义，很有名的达利就是搞这个的) movement.
此外他还和installation art(装置艺术), concept art(概念艺术)这些现在很火的艺术形式有关
泉的例子：Fountain, an ordinary, mass-produced urinal that has been transformed
into a work of art simply by being exhibited in a gallery and receiving a new
title.
他说过一句话，Art may be bad, good or indifferent, but, whatever adjective is
used, we must call it art, and bad art is still art in the same way as a bad
emotion is still an emotion.
可以用来扩展解释他思想的开放，同时把art和形容词换掉也是很好的 辨证类型的 GRE句子
2.现实对艺术的影响
Dada
前面说到的达达主义。因为跟社会、战争联系很紧密，所以拿出来讲：
DADA是一战以后欧洲的诗人画家搞的，因为战争的残酷让他们意识到之前的那些形而上的出世的艺术很没意义，有一部分就开始搞更没有意义的DADA(汗~~~事实就是这样Di)
The slaughter of World War I affected artists in different ways. Some felt,
as Mondrian did, that human betterment lay in the creation of an impersonal,
mechanistic way of life. Still others concluded that the very idea of human
betterment was a pointless illusion. For this group, the main lesson of the war,
if anything, was the bankruptcy of reason, politics, technology, and even art
itself. On this premise, several artists and poets founded a movement whose
name, dada, was purposely meaningless, and whose members ridiculed anything
having to do with culture, politics, or aesthetics
再补充一个现实跟艺术相连的，名气大一点，老朋友Picasso，不过是以作品为突破口，应该不会那么多雷同
Guernica(就是一副长的、上面都是牛头马面的画，Guernica是西班牙北部的小镇，德国人把那炸了，毕加索听到后悲愤丛生，就画了它)
《Guernica》 The painting’s color scheme proved effective for conveying the
cruel reality
Spanish painter Picasso created the masterpiece when he heard of the
bombing of Guernica during Spanish Civil War
3.另一些悲惨的艺术家
伦勃朗Rembrandt, 维梅尔Vermeer
(荷兰黄金时期的两个大师，手法创新，在光影表现上都有独到之处。都不受同时代人重视，很符合大家心目中艺术家的Stereotype，可以用来替换梵高、毕加索这类妇孺皆知的大佬)
Rembrandt(艺术成就上比Vermeer高点)
Rembrandt, Dutch baroque artist, who ranks as one of the greatest painters
in the history of Western art. His work made an enormous impact on his
contemporaries and influenced the style of many later artists. Perhaps no
painter has ever equaled Rembrandt's chiaroscuro effects or his bold
impasto.
Vermeer(不知道大家看过《戴珍珠耳环的女孩》girl with a pearl
earring吗，就是说他的，不过故事是假的，Vermeer的日子可能比电影里更惨)
Jan Vermeer reputed the greatest painter besides Rembrandt in Dutch Golden
Age, had a marvelous ability in expressing lights and shadow, but he died young
left his family no legacy but deep debt. During his lifetime, he had not sold
one piece of his paintings. After his death Vermeer did not receive attention
until the late 19th century. His reputation steadily increased thereafter, and
today he is considered one of the greatest Dutch painters.
4.跨专业的牛人
跨专业领域,outsider achievement的文章很适用
艺术》数学
M.C. Escher (艾舍尔，就是画图形渐变、现实中不存在的空间的画的人，很牛，也很神经质，他只上过中学，作品却很受数学家推崇。)
Dutch M.C Escher leaps from art to mathematics. Escher had no formal
mathematical training beyond secondary school, but his fantastic print works,
such as Escher Limit Cycle and Day and Night, are most greatly admired by
mathematicians, who recognized his work an extraordinary visualization of
mathematics principles, and considered him a part of them.
数学》艺术
分性艺术创始人，IBM研究院搞数学、物理的，结果创造出了新的艺术形式，分形艺术。
Benoit Mandelbort was a scientist at IBM Watson Research Center. On his
retirement from IBM, he joined the Yale Department of Mathematics. By now, you
can tell any connections between him and art. Nonetheless, he has created a new
geometry of nature called fractal that is centered in physics and mathematics,
and being reputed as a innovative form of art. The explanation is that artist
and scientist are expressing in distinct methods but journeying the same
destination, such as balance, harmony, symmetry, and the like.
5.现代与创新的结合
就是大家都很了解的设计中银大厦，卢浮宫金字塔的老贝，这里引用的是卢浮宫的例子。
Louvre, national art museum of France.
Chinese-born American architect I. M. Pei designed this controversial glass
pyramid (completed in 1989) at the entrance to the Louvre, a museum in Paris,
France. Noted for his unique arrangements of geometric shapes, Pei also earned a
reputation for his creative use of space, surfaces, and materials. One of the
foremost architects of the 20th century, Pei has designed important public and
corporate buildings throughout the world and has worked with urban renewal.
以上是关于艺术的几个例子，大家可以在不同的角度理解使用，所谓的托福写作万能例子，其实就看大家的侧重点和阐述方向，所以，大家在准备托福写作例子的时候，还需要发散思维，多方面分析。 |
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发表于 2016-7-10 15:22:22