改革开放词汇3

英语自学网

　　汉英口译分类词汇(03)--改革开放词汇
        　　保险业 The insurance industry
        　　保证重点支出 Ensure funding for priority areas
        　　被兼并或挤掉 annexed or forced out of business
        　　补发拖欠的养老金 Clear up pension payments in arrears
        　　不良贷款 Non—performing loan
        　　层层转包和违法分保 Multi-level contracting and illegal subcontracting
        　　产值 output value
        　　城乡信用社 Credit Cooperative in both urban and rural areas
        　　城镇居民最低生活保障 A minimum standard of living for city residents
        　　城镇职工医疗保险制度 The system of medical insurance for urban workers
        　　抽样调查 data from the sample survey
        　　出口信贷 Export credit
        　　初步建立社会主义计划商品经济新体制。 to establish at a preliminary level a new system of socialist planned commodity economy.
        　　贷款质量 Loan quality
        　　贷款质量五级分类办法 The five-category assets classification for bank loans
        　　第二产业 secondary industry
        　　第三产业 tertiary industry
        　　第一产业 primary industry
        　　独资企业 wholly foreign owned/funded enterprise
        　　发电量 electric energy production
        　　发挥市场的调节作用 to give play to the regulatory role of the market
        　　发展过快 excessive growth
        　　防范和化解金融风险 Take precautions against and reduce financial risks
        　　防洪工程 Flood-prevention project
        　　非法外汇交易 Illegal foreign exchange transaction
        　　非公有成分 non-public sectors
        　　非贸易收汇 Foreign exchange earnings through non trade channels
        　　非银行金融机构 Non-bank financial institutions
        　　费改税 Transform administrative fees into taxes
        　　分配形式 forms of distribution
        　　风险资金 risk funds
        　　副业 sideline production
        　　改革是"社会主义制度的自我完善和自我发展"。 Reform is "the self-perfection and self-development of the socialist system."
        　　改革重点转移到城市 the focus of reform is shifted to the cities
        　　改善经济环境 improve economic environment
        　　搞活企业 invigorate/ revitalize/ rejuvenate enterprises
        　　各尽所能，按劳/需分配。 from each according to his ability, to each according to his work/needs.
        　　跟踪审计 Follow-up auditing
        　　工程监理制度 The monitoring system for projects
        　　公有制 public ownership
        　　鼓励 give incentive to
        　　管理不善 poor management
        　　国际收支 international balance of payments
        　　国家保障国有经济的巩固和发展。 The state ensures the consolidation and growth of the state economy.
        　　国家的根本任务是，集中力量进行社会主义现代化建设 The basic task of the nation is to concentrate its efforts on socialist modernization.
        　　国民生产总值 GNP
        　　国内生产总值 GDP
        　　国有经济，即社会主义全民所有制经济，是国民经济中的主导力量。 The state economy is the sector of socialist economy under ownership by the whole people; it is the leading force in the national economy.
        　　国有资产安全 The safety of state-owned assets
        　　过度开垦 Excess reclamation
        　　合同管理制度 The contract system for governing projects
        　　合资企业 joint venture
        　　合作企业 cooperative enterprise
        　　和平演变 peaceful evolution
        　　宏观控制 exercise macro-control
        　　机电产品 Electromechanical products
        　　积极的财政政策 Pro-active fiscal policy
        　　基本生活费 Basic allowances
        　　基石 cornerstone
        　　计划经济和市场调节相结合的机制 a mechanism that combines planned economy and market regulation
        　　家庭联产责任承包制 family-contract responsibility system
        　　结售汇制度 The system of exchange settlement and sales
        　　解除劳动关系 Sever labor relations
        　　解放生产力 liberate/unshackle/release the productive forces
        　　金融监管责任制 The responsibility system for financial supervision
        　　经济安全 Economic security
        　　经济和法律的杠杆 economic and legal leverages
        　　经济计划和市场调节相结合 to combine economic planning with market regulation
        　　经济结构改革。 reform in economic structure
        　　经营机制 operative mechanism
        　　精华、精粹、实质 quintessence
        　　举措 move
        　　靠扩大财政赤字搞建设 To increase the deficit to spend more on development
        　　扣除物价上涨部分 price increase are deducted
        　　扩大国内需求 The expansion of domestic demand
        　　拉动经济增长 Fuel economic growth
        　　厉行节约，反对浪费 to practice strict economy and combat waste
        　　粮食仓库 Grain depot
        　　粮食收储企业 Grain Collection and storage enterprise
        　　粮食收购资金实行封闭运行 Closed operation of grain purchase funds
        　　粮食销售市场 Grain sales market
        　　劣质工程 Shoddy engineering
        　　林业 forestry
        　　零售 retail
        　　流通制度 circulation system
        　　乱收费、乱摊派、乱罚款 Arbitrary charges, fund-raising, quotas and fines
        　　农业 farming
        　　骗汇、逃汇、套汇 Obtain foreign currency under false pretenses, not turn over foreign currency owed to the government and illegal arbitrage
        　　取消国家对农产品的统购统销 to cancel the state's monopoly on the purchase and marketing of agricultural products
        　　全民所有制 ownership by the entire/whole people
        　　全体会议 plenary session
        　　人均国民生产总值 per capita GNP
        　　人均收入 per capita income
        　　融资渠道 Financing channels
        　　善于接受的 receptive
        　　商品经济 commodity economy
        　　商业信贷原则 The principles for commercial credit
        　　社会保险机构 Social security institution
        　　社会主义的最终目标是解放生产力，消灭剥削，消除贫富两极分化，最终达到共同富裕。 The main goals of socialism are the liberation and development of productive forces, the elimination of exploitation and polarization between the rich and the poor and the final achievement of common prosperity.
        　　社会主义集体所有制 socialist collective ownership
        　　社会主义经济制度的基础是生产资料的社会主义公有制，即全民所有制和劳动群众集体所有制。 The basis of the socialist economic system is socialist public ownership of the means of production, namely, ownership by the whole people and collective ownership by the working people.
        　　生产关系 relations of production
        　　生产力 productive forces
        　　生产资料 means of production
        　　生活资料 means of livelihood/subsistence
        　　剩余劳动力。 surplus labor
        　　失业保险金 Unemployment insurance benefits
        　　实际增长率 actual growth rate
        　　实事求是 seek truth from facts
        　　实在的 tangible
        　　使负担 be saddled with
        　　试一下 have a go
        　　输入活力 bring vigor into
        　　私有制 private ownership
        　　随着改革的深化，国家指令性计划的范围将会缩小，而市场调节的范围将会扩大。 As the reform further develops, the scope for mandatory state plans will be narrowed, while the scope for market forces will be enlarged.
        　　偷税、骗税、逃税、抗税 Tax evasion, tax fraud and refusal pay taxes
        　　投入 input
        　　外汇收支 Foreign exchange revenue and spending
        　　外资企业 foreign-funded enterprise
        　　我们辨别的标准是看这样做是否有利于发展社会主义的生产力，是否有利于增强社会主义国家的综合国力，是否有利于提高人民的生活水平。 The criterion for our judgment is whether the move facilitates the development of socialist productive forces, whether it helps increase the overall national strength of a socialist country, and whether it brings about better living standards.
        　　畜牧业 animal husbandry
        　　要人们警惕右和"左"的影响，特别是"左"的根深蒂固的影响。 to warn people of the influence of both the Right and the "Left" deviations, particularly of the deep-rooted "Left" influence.
        　　一个中心、两个基本点one central task and two basic points 以经济建设为中心，坚持四项基本原则(1)社会主义道路(2)党的领导(3)人民民主专政(4)马列主义毛泽东思想、坚持改革开放 the central task refers to economic construction and two basic points are the four cardinal principles - adherence to the socialist road, to Communist Party leadership, to the people's democratic dictatorship and to Marxism-Leninism and Mao Zedong Thought - and persisting in reform and opening.
        　　引进、输入 importation
        　　引入歧途 lead one to a blind alley
        　　营业发达的公司 going concerns
        　　优化经济结构 optimize the economic structure
        　　有色金属 nonferrous metals
        　　有效地控制通货膨胀 effectively control inflation
        　　渔业 fishing
        　　增额、增值、增长 increment
        　　整顿经济秩序 rectify economic order
        　　中国要警惕右，但更要防"左"。 China needs to be vigilant against the Right deviation, but primarily, it should guard against the "Left" deviation.
        　　逐步实现工业、农业、国防和科学技术的现代化，把我国建设成为富强、民主、文明的社会主义国家。 to modernize the country's industry, agriculture, national defense and science and technology step by step to turn China into a strong and prosperous socialist country with a high level of culture and democracy.
        　　主要成分 dominant sector
        　　资本主义和社会主义并不是以计划经济和市场的多少来划分的。 Socialism and capitalism are not distinguished by the proportion of planned and market economy.
        　　总工资 total wages