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第一种定语从句的结构：先行词+关联词+陈述语序的句子
e.g. He who loses money loses
much.
u 用法：
1)
定语从句修饰、说明先行词；
2) 如果去掉定语从句，整个句子的意思就不清楚，不完整了；
e.g. He who loses money loses much;
He who loses friends loses much more;
He who loses faith loses all.
3)
书写时，从句前面没有逗号；
4)
翻译或者理解时，一般把从句放在先行词之前，理解成“…..的”；
e.g Spring is a time when youth dreams and old age
remembers.
春天是年轻人梦想未来和老年人缅怀过去的季节。
e.g The dictionary is the only place where success comes before
work.
字典是惟一“成功”出现在“工作”之前的地方。
e.g The reason why we think life is so ugly is that we imagine it to be too beautiful in the past.
我们觉得现在的生活是那么丑恶的原因是把我们过去的生活想象得太美好了。
5） 关联词只能用that的情况包括主句含有
l all, everything, anything,
nothing (something除外)，little, much
e.g. All is not gold that glitters.
l 序数词或最高级形容词修饰先行词时：
e.g. Nothing is impossible to the strongest man that
has will.
l 当先行词既指人又指物时：
e.g. On the first day of the new semester, the campus
was full of people and luggage that had probably traveled a long way before
arrival.
l 当先行词被the only, the very, the
last, all, any, every, each, few, little, no, some等修饰时：
e.g. The boy promised the girl that he would do all
that he could for her.
记忆打油诗：最高级来序数词，不定代来人和物，就用that准没错。
II 第二种定语从句：先行词 或者 整个句子 ，+ 关联词+陈述句
1.
用法
1)
对先行词或整个句子提供附加的补充说明；
2)
如果去掉从句，不严重影响主句的意思完整；
3)
书写时，主句与从句之间常用逗号分开；
e.g. I love traveling, which broaden my minds and
let me make a lot of new friends.
He finally has a girl friend, who is a civil servant.
Ⅲ 关联词的作用及选用原则
关联代词 从句
http://yingyu.xdf.cn/201212/file://C:/DOCUME~1/ZHAOYI~1/LOCALS~1/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image002.gif
作用
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用于第一和第二种定语从句
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只用于第一种定语从句
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指人
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指物
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既指人又指物
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在从句中做主语
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who
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which
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that
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在从句中做宾语
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who(m)
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在从句中做定语
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whose/of whom
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whose/of which
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关联副词
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作用
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where
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代替先行词的含义在从句中做地点状语
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when
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代替先行词的含义在从句中做时间状语
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why
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代替先行词的含义在从句中做原因状语
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发表于 2016-7-10 14:43:45