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雅思A类写作与海外学术论文的联系(3)

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发表于 2016-7-10 14:40:26 | 显示全部楼层 |阅读模式
  3. 作文结构应贴合海外写作的传统结构:
  西方论文的结构大都以introduction, main body, conclusion三部分组成,因此雅思的大小作文也都应由这三部分组成。首先来介绍一下这三部分都应该写什么内容:
  Introduction: The function of the Introduction is to serve as a 'map' of the essay, outlining to your reader the main argument and points which you develop in your essay.
  学术论文的introduction需要明确地告诉读者这篇文章要讲什么,因此它是文章的‘地图’,对于雅思大作文来说,考生需要在第一段阐明自己的观点,有很多同学习惯在文章结尾摆出自己的观点,这种写法是有悖于学术写作的要求的,很容易得低分,通常考官会首先在第一段寻找考生的个人观点。
  Main body: The main body is where the essay really needs to develop so that the reader is motivated to engage with the text. This means that, overall:
  1.there needs to be a logical sequence of points(文章的论证要有逻辑性)with one point leading to the next;
  2.each point needs to take the reader step by step, more and more deeply, into a discussion of the issues(正反对比讨论);
  3.the end of the main body should lead naturally into some kind of conclusion(自然地得出结论,以对应introduction的观点)
  A typical structure to demonstrate argument may involve:
  Making general statement (要有明确的观点)
  Adding to it by giving further explanation (解释观点的正确性)
  Giving example to illustrate the point(通过例子来支持观点)
  以上学术写作中main body的要点告诉我们,在雅思大作文中,我们需要有清晰的逻辑结构,也就是要把观点的顺序摆好,并且空口无凭,需要用实实在在的例子来论证,这是很多考生忽略的要点。
  Conclusion: The function of the essay's Conclusion is to restate the main argument(重申论点). It reminds the reader of the strengths of the argument: that is, it reiterates the most important evidence supporting the argument. Make sure, however, that your conclusion is not simply a repetitive summary as this reduces the impact of the argument you have developed in your essay.(结尾段避免重复论证)The conclusion provides a forum for you to persuasively and succinctly restate your thesis given the reader has now been presented with all the information about the topic.
  雅思的大作文结尾段中,考生只需要重申自己观点,不需要重复main body里的论证,有许多考生为了凑字数,在conclusion里大量重复main body里的内容,效果适得其反,大大影响了分数。
  我们通过以上三条解读了雅思写作与海外学术写作的关系,希望广大雅思考生能够多多掌握学术词汇,仔细研究学术写作的结构,这对于提高A类雅思写作成绩有很大的帮助。
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