英语写作：英语四级考试作文冲刺指南

英语自学网

　　四个基本考点
        　　1、切题------所谓切题是指在形式上诸如段落、字数、文体、格式等方面满足题目要求，并在内容上没有偏差。
        　　2、表达清楚、条理清晰-----本要求考查学生对文章结构的掌握，要求文章主题观点明确，有头有尾，论证说明安排有主次，有轻重。
        　　3、文字通顺，连贯性较好----本要求考查学生对过渡句和连接词或词组的掌握和运用，要求文章句子内部与句子之间通顺连贯，不突兀。
        　　4、基本无语言错误----本要求考查学生语言基本功的掌握，包括语法与拼写两部分。
        　　常用连接词
        　　总结关系过渡词语
        　　in general, to some extent, in my view, as for me, as far as I am
concerned, obviously, in brief, on the whole
        　　比较对比关系过渡词语
        　　s imilarly, on the contrary, on the one hand, on the other hand, otherwise,
in sharp contrast, but, however, yet, nevertheless
        　　列举关系过渡词语
        　　as a case in point, such as, first of all, to begin with, furthermore,
besides, in addition, for one thing, for another
        　　因果关系过渡词语
        　　because (of), since, for, owing to, thanks to, as a result of,
consequently, for the reason that, therefore, hence
        　　让步关系过渡词语
        　　although, even though, in spite of, despite
        　　强调关系过渡词语
        　　surely, obviously, particularly, in deed, needless to say, most important
of all
        　　递进关系
        　　in addition, also, moreover, besides，what's more
        　　时间顺序
        　　immediately, meanwhile, presently, shortly, since, soon, temporarily,
while
        　　方式手段
        　　as, as if, the way，by
        　　目的关系
        　　so that, lest，in order that
        　　检查集中点
        　　1. 每个句子是否都有谓语动词;
        　　2. 动词的时态和语态;
        　　3. 主谓搭配是否恰当;
        　　4. 标点符号。
        　　英文四大句型
        　　一.S+V+O
        　　S-----主语从句，what/whether/how
        　　不定式(逻辑主语)
        　　动名词(逻辑主语)
        　　名词+定语从句/介宾短语
        　　V------几个谓语动词平行
        　　O-----how/what宾语从句
        　　倒装加大难度
        　　Among top students are you
        　　Among the top students, you are the best
        　　主谓宾从句也可倒装-----宾语从句可倒装在前面
        　　如果怎么也读不懂，有可能主谓宾有倒装了
        　　宾语后置------set something in motion
            
            

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        　　二.---------------，S+V+O
        　　作状语4种形式
        　　1. When, since, because, if, though, before引导状语从句
        　　Though (you are ) young, you can understand it.
        　　没有主句就没有从句的生命力
        　　状语从句的省略原则：状语从句与主句主语是一致的，并且状语从句包括谓语动词be(am, is, are或其他时态形式)
        　　We, because we are late, are punished.
        　　2. To do 不定式放在句首
        　　For me to learn English well, my mother went to the lecture. ----加for
sb.逻辑主语构成复合结构
        　　3.Doing/done, S+V+O doing---主语发出动作;done----主语承受动作
        　　Singing and dancing, the children went back home
        　　Judged guilty, Tyson was sentenced to prison several years ago.
        　　Doing/done同主句的谓语动作发生动作如果有一段距离，用Having done/Having been done
        　　Having done = doing的完成形式
        　　Having been done = done的完成形式
        　　4. 介宾短语-----有时移到主谓之间
        　　In Wuhan, we met with each other.
        　　三.S，---------------，+V+O
        　　空格处5种形式, 后四种是第一种的省略形式
        　　1、Whose, who, when, which, in which引导的定语从句----没有that引导从句
        　　Tom, (who is) my neighbor
        　　2、冠词/形容词性物主代词+名词构成同位语
        　　Dalian, (which is) my hometown, is very beautiful.
        　　3、Done/doing
        　　4.、形容词
        　　Panda, (which is) native to China
        　　5、the first+名词+to do
        　　Panduo, (who is )the first lady to get to the top of Himalaya, is a
Tibetan.
        　　其中2.3.4种经常提到句子前面，不加逗号
        　　四. S+V+O，---------------------
        　　空格处有三种形式
        　　1、When, if, since, though, which, who, whose, where, in
which等引导的状语从句或定语从句
        　　2、冠词/形容词性物主代词+名词
        　　We live in Dalian, a beautiful city.
        　　3、doing/done 作状语
        　　当把四个句型拼合起来后，你一个句子就是一段。
        　　多样化句型
        　　1) 定语从句 (限定性和非限定性)
        　　There are many reasons why I want to study in your university.
        　　It is estimated that tens of billions of yuan is spent on cigarettes every
year in our country, which is a huge waste.
        　　2) 状语从句 (时间，原因，地点，条件，让步等)
        　　When the man is enjoying the cigarette, the smoke becomes a monster (怪物)
which will devour him.
        　　Whatever the reason, there are still some problems with student use of
computers.
        　　3) 分词短语做定语或状语
        　　Mr. Kang came to our university, giving us a lecture on how to prepare for
the CET Band-4.
        　　4) 强调句
        　　It was him who gave up much hope for the future.
        　　5) 倒装句
        　　Only through these measures can we hope to solve the problem.
        　　6) 省略句
        　　If so, we have to give it up.
        　　If necessary...
        　　Whatever the reason...
        　　7) What句型
        　　We totally agree with what you have just said.
        　　8) 设问句
        　　Do you still remember the boy who cried wolf for several times so no one
would trust him?
        　　作文十大理由
        　　一.方便------发明，计算机，网络，快餐，新科技
        　　Convenience, convenient
        　　Bring us much convenience
            
            

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        　　二.效率-------相对时间内量最大
        　　efficient, efficiency
        　　save/waste time in cooking
        　　三.节省和浪费-----针对大学生生活习惯
        　　diligent, economical, thrifty, save space
        　　metro/subway/tube, costly, time-consuming
        　　lavish
        　　四.心理精神健康------体育运动，习惯，室内/室外运动
        　　independence, dependant
        　　I am still dependant on my parents
        　　Cooperation, team spirit, compete
        　　Creation, creative, tolerance, tolerant
        　　Physical, mental, healthy, mentally unhealthy
        　　Psychological
        　　Sociable, popular, party animal
        　　Selfish, selfishness, conservative, isolated, improve, enrich
        　　五.娱乐-----新发明，indoor/outdoor activities
        　　recreation, entertainment, relaxation, I am relaxed now
        　　amusement park, leisure time, kill the time
        　　pleasure, autonomous, tired
        　　六.环境
        　　environment, pollution, poisonous, contaminated, separated wastes,
recycle
        　　七.身体健康
        　　disease, liver, lung, kidney, spleen, heart, stomach, abdomen, energetic,
dynamic
        　　八.风险
        　　risk, hazard, danger, threaten
        　　九.经验-----------谚语，抽象话题
        　　social, sophisticated, skillful
        　　十.人道、正义、公平
        　　humane, fair, justice, fair, help, love
        　　亮点句型
        　　The popularity of “A World without Thieves” and mounting concerns about its
negative impact upon children, have rekindled the outcry for a rating
system.
        　　Building construction has been enjoying a boom particularly since China
became a member of the WTO and Beijing was named host of the 2008 Olympic
Games.
        　　She has put forward a lot of very good suggestions and devoted a lot of her
spare time to improving the living conditions of the animals.
        　　I thought I wanted to do more. I wanted to use everything I had been given.
That is the reason you are on the earth―to be yourself.
        　　My ears are open, my eyes are open. I am humble because I was wrong. China
changes every day, for the better.
        　　My dream is to see an Enrichment Officer in every zoo in China and to have
annual meetings when people from all the zoos in the country gather together to
exchange views on what types of enrichment are working best for the animals in
China.
        　　Peace and development remain the overriding themes of the times.
        　　China will continue to give top priority to heritage protection.
        　　Israel would continue its efforts to destroy the terrorist infrastructure,
arrest those behind terrorist activities and harshly punish those who perpetrate
these murderous activities.
        　　The Liberal Party’s 11-year reign as Canada’s governing party was in
jeopardy.
        　　The State has rendered strong support to alleviate the heavy burden of
these businesses.
        　　Local protectionism is a serious issue in China and threatens the
establishment of a national market system.
        　　We have to be flexible and pragmatic, and give necessary consideration to
the concerns of other parties, including making compromises and concessions when
the situation warrants.
        　　Experts say the reform and consolidation of the Chinese airline industry is
laying a solid foundation for the rationalization of airline networks.