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英语写作:英语四六级作文常见类型原因型作文

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发表于 2016-7-10 14:35:47 | 显示全部楼层 |阅读模式
  在英语说明文和议论文中,单篇文章分析事物的原因比较常见,也是命题作文中的一种重要题型。这类题目作文要求考生对社会现象或社会问题进行解释,摆出原因。
          基本结构如下:
          P1: S1 Problem (general)
          S2 Problem (specific)
          P2: S3 Thesis
          S4 Cause 1
          S5 Detail 1/Detail
          S6 Detail2/Cause2
          S7 Cause 2/Detail
          S8 Detail 1/Cause3
          S9 Detail 2/Detail
          P3: S10 Conclusion
          句型如下:
          S1: In the last few years/ recent years, there has been /China has
experienced a dramatic increase/ growing tendency in the number of PCs/ the
crime rate.
          S2: According to a recent/new survey/ study/ research in 1998, the number/
percentage of students who…/ teenage smoking has almost doubled/tripled/
increased/jumped from 5% to 8%/ Decreased/dropped by 5% as against/ compared
with last year/ 10 years ago
          S3: A number of/ Several factors/ causes might contribute to/ lead to/
account for the sudden rise/ phenomenon/ problem
          S4: Part of the explanations for it/ One of the most common factors/ causes
is that…
          S5:
          S6: … is also responsible for the problem./ Another contributing
factor/cause is…
          S7:
          S8: Perhaps/ But the primary/ fundamental factor/ cause is that…
          S9
          S10: We might do more than identify the caused/factors; it is important to
take action to…
          The significance of … is far-reaching; it might exerts a profound influence
on…
          Models:
          Why College Students Take a Part-time Job
          1. 最近几年越来越多的大学生加入打工的队伍
          2. 为什么大学生打工
          3. 大学生打工的意义
            
            
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发表于 2016-7-10 14:50:58 | 显示全部楼层

          (1)According to a recent survey, about 56 percent of Chinese college
students held a part-time or temporary job in 2000, compared with nearly zero in
1990, and this figure may increases to 70 percent this year. (2)College students
are working as tutors, salespersons, engineers and doing whatever work they can
find.
          (3)Why do they want odd jobs―jobs usually requiring little skill and
knowledge? (4)The primary reason, I think, is money. (5)Feeling the financial
pressure as books, movies and bus fares have all gone up in price, there is
scarcely a young boy or girl who does not want to earn a little money to help
cover the increasingly higher college costs, and at best save enough to
traveling or buy things they have long desired. (6)In this way they hope to be
financially independent and avoid the indignity of having to ask for money again
and again. (7)Besides they want to gain some experience in the ways of society.
(8)Students growing up from nursery school to college with realities. (9)Working
on a part-time basis can provide them with a rare opportunity to know the
outside world and prepare them for a future career.
          (10)The significance of college students doing a part-time job means more
than money and experience: It will broaden their outlook and exert a profound
influence on their personality and life.
          Children’s Schoolbags Are Getting Heavier
          1. 现在学生背上的书包越来越重
          2. 学生学业负担减轻不了的原因
          3. 结论
          (1)These days we often hear our children groaning under the pressure of an
ever-increasing burden of their studies. (2)The schoolbags on their back are
getting heavier and heavier, and the hours spent on their assignments longer and
longer
          (3)Why can’t their burden be relieved in spite of social protest? (4)For
one thing, parents have a strong desire for the early intellectual achievement
of their children. (5)They believe that if you don’t force them to read more, a
golden opportunity for success will be lost and the chances of their being
admitted to key schools, and then to colleges will be slim. (6)So children are
under constant pressure to score high, test well, aim first. (7)For another, our
teachers ally themselves with parents in applying pressure. (8)Since scores are
not only the mark of success or failure for a particular students, but also a
measurement of a teacher’s performance, it is natural for a teacher to assign
more homework for his own sake as well as for his students. (9)Failure to
produce students who win first place in school academic examinations is often
seen as evidence of bad teaching.
          (10)To lighten children’s academic burden is not easy, but is worth trying,
for after all parents and teachers don’t want the heavy schoolbags to crush
their children.
          Teenager Smoking Soars
          1. 描述近些年来青少年吸烟人数的变化
          2. 分析造成这种情况的主要原因
          3. 提出一些建议
          (1)In the past 20 years China has experienced an alarming increase in
teenage smoking: the number of boys who smoked rose from 6 percent in 1980 to 23
percent in 2000, and during the same years, the number of girls who smoked
increased as much as 15 times. (2)The statistics look quite disturbing and cause
people to ask why.
          (3)The factors for a great rise in teenage smoking are complex. (4)Some
attribute it to the increased standard of living which enables kids to have more
pocket money, and others place the blame on cigarette advertising and the import
of cigarettes, which give them easy access to Marlboros. (5)Whatever the causes,
only particular external circumstances have been examined. (6)The factors,
actually, are psychological as well as social. (7)Most young people begin to
smoke just out of curiosity: they have a strong desire to experience the
pleasure of smoking which is forbidden to them. (8)They also have a subconscious
feeling that smoking will make them mature and tough and sophisticated. (9)When
they light up a cigarette, and produce puffs of smoke carelessly, they are under
the illusion that they are growns-up instead of kids and that they are admired
rather than rejected by society.
          (10)To help them get rid of such foolish ideas is the first step towards
the effort to prevent children from starting to smoke, and then we may conduct a
more extensive campaign to make them aware of the dreadful consequences of
taking up the habit.
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