【经典名著阅读】《德伯家的苔丝》第十四章（上）

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        It was a hazy sunrise in August. The denser nocturnal vapours, attacked by the warm beams, were dividing and shrinking into isolated fleeces within hollows and coverts, where they waited till they should be dried away to nothing.那是八月里的一个雾气朦胧的黎明。夜间产生的浓厚的雾气，在温暖阳光的照射下，正在分散开来，缩小成一堆一簇的雾团，掩藏在洼地里，树林中，它们就聚集在那儿，直到最后消失得一干二净。
        The sun, on account of the mist, had a curious sentient, personal look, demanding the masculine pronoun for its adequate expression. His present aspect, coupled with the lack of all human forms in the scene, explained the old-time heliolatries in a moment. One could feel that a saner religion had never prevailed under the sky. The luminary was a golden-haired, beaming, mild-eyed, God-like creature, gazing down in the vigour and intentness of youth upon an earth that was brimming with interest for him.由于雾气的缘故，太阳也变得奇怪起来，有了人的面孔，有了人的感觉，要想把它准确地表达清楚，得使用阳性代词才行。他现在的面目，再加上景物中看不见一个人影，这立刻就对古代的太阳崇拜作出了解释。你能够感觉到，普天之下还没有一种宗教比他更合乎情理的了。这个发光的物体就是一个生灵，长着金色的头发，目光柔和，神采飞扬，好像上帝一样，身上充满了青春的活力，正目不转睛地注视着大地，仿佛大地上满是他感到有趣的事物。
        His light, a little later, broke through chinks of cottage shutters, throwing stripes like red-hot pokers upon cupboards, chests of drawers, and other furniture within; and awakening harvesters who were not already astir.过了一会儿，他的光线穿过农家小屋百叶窗的缝隙，好像一根根烧红了的通条，照射在屋内的碗橱、五斗橱和其它的家具上；唤醒了还处在睡梦中的收获庄稼的农工们。
        But of all ruddy things that morning the brightest were two broad arms of painted wood, which rose from the margin of a yellow cornfield hard by Marlott village. They, with two others below, formed the revolving Maltese cross of the reaping-machine, which had been brought to the field on the previous evening to be ready for operations this day. The paint with which they were smeared, intensified in hue by the sunlight, imparted to them a look of having been dipped in liquid fire.不过那天早晨，在所有的红色物体中，最红的物体要算两根被漆成红色的宽木头支架，它们都被竖在紧靠着马洛特村的一块金黄色麦地边上。加上下面的两根木头支架，它们就构成了收割机上可以转动的马尔他十字架①，收割机是在昨天被搬运到地头上的，准备在今天使用。十字架上漆的红色油漆，让太阳的光线一照，它的色彩就显得更加艳丽，让人看上去觉得十字架好像是被浸泡在红色的液体火焰里一样。
        The field had already been 'opened'; that is to say, a lane a few feet wide had been hand-cut through the wheat along the whole circumference of the field, for the first passage of the horses and machine.那片麦地已经被“割过了”；也就是说，在这块麦地的四周，已经有人用手工把麦子割去了一圈，开辟出了一条几尺宽的小路，好让开始割麦时马匹和机器能够通过。
        Two groups, one of men and lads, the other of women, had come down the lane just at the hour when the shadows of the eastern hedge-top struck the west hedge midway, so that the heads of the groups were enjoying sunrise while their feet were still in the dawn. They disappeared from the lane between the two stone posts which flanked the nearest field-gate.麦地里被割出来的小路上已经来了两拨人，一拨人是男子和男孩子，另一拨人是妇女，他们来的时候，东边树篱顶端的影子正好投射到西边树篱的腰部，所以两拨割麦人的脑袋沐浴着朝霞的时候，他们的脚却还处在黎明里。在附近麦地的栅栏门两边，有两根石头柱子，割麦子的人就从它们中间走进去不见了。
        ①马尔他十字架（Maltese cros），十字架的样式多种多样，主要的有拉丁式、希腊式、马尔他式。马尔他式十字架外部较宽，根部较窄。

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        Presently there arose from within a ticking like the love-making of the grasshopper. The machine had begun, and a moving concatenation of three horses and the aforesaid long rickety machine was visible over the gate, a driver sitting upon one of the hauling horses, and an attendant on the seat of the implement. Along one side of the field the whole wain went, the arms of the mechanical reaper revolving slowly, till it passed down the hill quite out of sight. In a minute it came up on the other side of the field at the same equable pace; the glistening brass star in the forehead of the fore horse first catching the eye as it rose into view over the stubble, then the bright arms, and then the whole machine.不久，麦地里传来一种“嚓嚓”声，好像是蚂蚱情说爱的声音。机器开始割麦了，从栅栏门这边看过去，只见三匹马并排拉着前面说过的摇摇晃晃的长方形机器向前走着，有一匹拉机器的马上骑着一个赶马的，机器的座位上坐着一个看机器的。机器战车沿着麦地的一边向前开动，机器割麦子的手臂慢慢转动着，一直开过了山坡，完全从眼前消失了。过了一会儿，它又以同样均匀的速度出现在麦地的另一边；割麦子的机器在麦茬地上出现时，最先看见的是前面那匹马额上闪闪发光的铜星，然后看见的是机器割麦子的鲜红色手臂，最后看见的才是整部机器。
        The narrow lane of stubble encompassing the field grew wider with each circuit, and the standing corn was reduced to smaller area as the morning wore on. Rabbits, hares, snakes, rats, mice, retreated inwards as into a fastness, unaware of the ephemeral nature of their refuge, and of the doom that awaited them later in the day when, their covert shrinking to a more and more horrible narrowness, they were huddled together, friends and foes, till the last few yards of upright wheat fell also under the teeth of the unerring reaper, and they were every one put to death by the sticks and stones of the harvesters.割麦子的机器每走一圈，麦地周围狭长的麦茬长带就加宽一层，随着早晨的时光慢慢过去，还长有麦子的麦地就只剩下不大的一块了。大野兔、小野兔、长虫、大老鼠、小耗子，都一起向麦田的内地退去，好像要躲进堡垒里，却没有意识到它们避难的地方也只能是暂时的，没有意识到它们毁灭的命运正在后面等着它们，当今天它们躲避的地方越缩越小，最后变成可怕的一小块时，它们无论是朋友还是仇敌，都要拥挤着躲藏在一块儿了，等到收割机把地上最后剩下的几百码麦子割倒后，收庄稼的人就会拿起棍子和石头，把它们一个个打死。
        The reaping-machine left the fallen corn behind it in little heaps, each heap being of the quantity for a sheaf; and upon these the active binders in the rear laid their hands - mainly women, but some of them men in print shirts, and trousers supported round their waists by leather straps, rendering useless the two buttons behind, which twinkled and bristled with sunbeams at every movement of each wearer, as if they were a pair of eyes in the small of his back.割麦子的机器割倒麦子，一小堆一小堆地留在机器后面，每一堆刚好可以捆作一捆；捆麦子的人在有麦堆的地方忙着，正在用手把麦子捆起来——捆麦子的人主要是妇女，但也有些人是男人，他们上穿印花布衬衣，下穿长裤，长裤用皮带系在腰间，这样后面的两颗扣子也就失去了用处，他们每动一下，扣子就在阳光下一闪，仿佛是他们后腰上长的一双眼睛。
        But those of the other sex were the most interesting of this company of binders, by reason of the charm which is acquired by woman when she becomes part and parcel of outdoor nature, and is not merely an object set down therein as at ordinary times. A field-man is a personality afield; a field-woman is a portion of the field; she has somehow lost her own margin, imbibed the essence of her surrounding, and assimilated herself with it.但是在这一群捆麦子的人中间，还是那些女子们最能引起人的兴致，因为女人一旦在户外变成了大自然的一部分，不再和平时那样，仅仅只是摆放在那儿的一件物品，那时候她们就特别具有魅力。一个男人在地里只是地里的一个人；一个女人在地里却是田地的组成部分；她在某些方面同田地失去了界限，吸收了周围环境的精华，使自己同周围的环境融成了一体。
        The women - or rather girls, for they were mostly young - wore drawn cotton bonnets with great flapping curtains to keep off the sun, and gloves to prevent their hands being wounded by the stubble. There was one wearing a pale pink jacket, another in a cream-coloured tight-sleeved gown, another in a petticoat as red as the arms of the reaping-machine; and others, older, in the brown-rough 'wropper' or over-all-the old-established and most appropriate dress of the field-woman, which the young ones were abandoning. This morning the eye returns involuntarily to the girl in the pink cotton jacket, she being the most flexuous and finely-drawn figure of them all. But her bonnet is pulled so far over her brow that none of her face is disclosed while she binds, though her complexion may be guessed from a stray twine or two of dark brown hair which extends below the curtain of her bonnet. Perhaps one reason why she seduces casual attention is that she never courts it, though the other women often gaze around them.妇女们——不如说是女孩子们，因为她们大多青春年少——都戴着打着皱折的女帽，帽子上宽大的帽檐可以遮挡太阳，她们的手上戴的手套可以保护双手不被麦茬划伤。在她们中间，有一个人穿着粉红色上衣，有一个人穿着奶油色的窄袖长衫，还有一个人穿着短裙，短裙的颜色红得就像收割机的十字架一样；其他的妇女们年纪都要大些，都穿着棕色的粗布罩衫或者外套——那是妇女在地里劳动穿的最合适的老式样的服装，年轻的女孩子们都已经不再穿它们了。这天早晨，大家的目光都被吸引到那个穿粉红色棉布上衣的姑娘身上，在所有的女孩子中间，她的身材最苗条和最富有弹性。但是她的帽子拉得低低的，盖住了她的额头，所以在她捆麦子的时候，一点儿也看不见她的脸，不过从她的帽檐下面散落出来的一两绺深褐色头发上，大致可以猜测出她的皮肤的颜色来，她不能躲避别人的偶尔注意，也许有一个原因就是她不想别人注意她，而其他的妇女们的眼睛总是流波四顾的。