【经典名著阅读】《红字》第五章（上）

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        Chapter 05 HESTER AT HER NEEDLE第五章　海丝特做针线
        HESTER PRYNNE'S term of confinement was now at an end. Her prison-door was thrown open, and she came forth into the sunshine, which, falling on all alike, seemed, to her sick and morbid heart, as if meant for no other purpose than to reveal the scarlet letter on her breast. Perhaps there was a more real torture in her first unattended footsteps from the threshold of the prison, than even in the procession and spectacle that have been described, where she was made the common infamy, at which all mankind was summoned to point its finger. Then, she was supported by an unnatural tension of the nerves, and by all the combative energy of her character, which enabled her to convert the scene into a kind of lurid triumph. It was, moreover, a separate and insulated event, to occur but once in her lifetime, and to meet which, therefore, reckless of economy, she might call up the vital strength that would have sufficed for many quiet years. The very law that condemned her- a giant of stern features, but with vigour to support, as well as to annihilate, in his iron arm- had held her up, through the terrible ordeal of her ignominy. But now, with this unattended walk from her prison-door, began the daily custom; and she must either sustain and carry it forward by the ordinary resources of her nature, or sink beneath it. She could no longer borrow from the future to help her through the present grief. Tomorrow would bring its own trial with it; so would the next day, and so would the next; each its own trial, and yet the very same that was now so unutterably grievous to be borne. The days of the far-off future would toil onward, still with the same burden for her to take up, and bear along with her, but never to fling down; for the accumulating days, and added years, would pile up their misery upon the heap of shame. Throughout them all, giving up her individuality, she would become the general symbol at which the preacher and moralist might point, and in which they might vivify and embody their images of woman's frailty and sinful passion. Thus the young and pure would be taught to look at her, with the scarlet letter flaming on her breast- at her, the child of honourable parents- at her, the mother of a babe, that would hereafter be a woman- at her, who had once been innocent- as the figure, the body, the reality of sin. And over her grave, the infamy that she must carry thither would be her only monument.海丝特·白兰的监禁期满了。牢门打开，她迈步走到阳光下。普照众生的日光，在她那病态的心灵看来，似乎只是为了暴露她胸前的红字。这是她第一次独自步出牢门，比超前面所描写的在众目睽睽之下前呼后拥，走上千夫所指的示众受辱台，这才是一次真正的折磨。那天，她为一种反常的神经紧张和个性中全部好斗的精神所支撑，使她能够将那种场面变成一种惨淡的胜利。更主要的，那是在她一生中独一无二的一次各别的孤立事件，因此她可以不借调动在平静的岁月中足够多年消耗的生命力去应付一时之需。就惩办她示众的法律而论，那是一个外貌狰狞的巨人，其铁腕既可以消灭她，也可以支撑她，正是法律本身扶持着她挺过了那示众的可怕煎熬。然而此时此刻，从不然一身步出狱门起，她就要开始过一天又一天的正常生活了；她必须以自身的普通体力支撑自己活下去，否则只有倒在生活下面。她再也不能靠预支生命力来帮助自己度过目前的悲痛。明天还要有明天的考验与之俱来，后天也会如此，再下一天仍会如此；每天都有每天的考验，然而在忍受难以言喻的痛苦这一点士又都是一样的。遥远的未来的时日，仍有其要由她承载的重荷，需要她一步步摄下去，终生背负着，永远不得抛却；日复一日，年复一年，都将在耻辱曲堆积上再叠上层层苦难。她将在长年累月之中，放弃她的个性，面成为布道师和道学家指指点点的一般象征，借以形象具体地说明女性的脆弱与罪孽的情欲。他们将教育纯沾的年轻人望着她——这个胸前佩戴着灼热鲜明的红字的女人；望着她——这个有着可敬的父母的孩子；望着她———这个有着今后会长成女人的婴儿的母亲；望着她——这个原本是纯洁无辜的女人；把她当作罪恶的形象、罪恶的肉体和罪恶的存在。而她必将带到坟墓中去的那个耻辱，将是矗立在她坟上的唯一墓碑。
        It may seem marvellous, that, with the world before her- kept by no restrictive clause of her condemnation within the limits of the Puritan settlement, so remote and so obscure- free to return to her birthplace, or to any other European land, and there hide her character and identity under a new exterior, as completely as if emerging into another state of being- and having also the passes of the dark, inscrutable forest open to her, where the wildness of her nature might assimilate itself with a people whose customs and life were alien from the law that had condemned her- it may seem marvellous, that this woman should still call that place her home, where, and where only, she must needs be the type of shame. But there is a fatality, a feeling so irresistible and inevitable that it has the force of doom, which almost invariably compels human beings to linger around and haunt, ghost-like, the spot where some great and marked event has given the colour to their lifetime; and still the more irresistibly, the darker the tinge that saddens it. Her sin, her ignominy, were the roots which she had struck into the soil. It was as if a new birth, with stronger assimilations than the first, had converted the forest-land, still so uncongenial to every other pilgrim and wanderer, into Hester Prynne's wild and dreary, but life-long home. All other scenes of earth- even that village of rural England, where happy infancy and stainless maidenhood seemed yet to be in her mother's keeping, like garments put off long ago- were foreign to her, in comparison. The chain that bound her here was of iron links, and galling to her inmost soul, but could never be broken.这事说来令人不可思议：既然她的判决词中没有限制她不得超越清教徒居民区的条款，那么在这片边远偏僻的土地之外，她面对着整个世界，原可以自由地回到她的出生地或任何其它欧洲国家，改头换面，隐姓埋名，一切从新开始；她还面对着通向阴森莫测的莽林的道路，也可以在那里逃脱制裁她的法律，使自己不驯顺的本性在生活习俗完全两样的民族中相得益彰。看来实在不可思议的是，她竟然仍把这地方视作自己的家园；而恰恰在这里，况且也只有在这里，她才会成为耻辱的典型。但确实有一种天数，一种具有冥冥之力的如此不可抗拒和难以避免的感情，迫使人们象幽灵般出汲并滞留在发生过为他终生增色添辉、引人瞩目的重大事件的地方，而且那事件的悲伤色调愈浓，人们也就愈难以背离那块地方。她的罪孽，她的耻辱，便是她深扎于此地的根。她在这块土地上好象获得了比她降生人世更具融熔力量的新生，海丝特·白兰的这一新生把所有其他移民和飘泊者仍感到格格不入的森林地带，变成了她自己荒凉阴郁但却是终生安身立命之家。世界上别的景色，甚至包括她度过幸福的童年和无暇的少女时期的英格兰乡村——象是早巳换下的衣服，交给她母亲去保管了——，相比之下，那些地方在她眼里那是它乡异地了。将她束缚在这里的，是源源傲进她心灵深处的铁打的锁链，永远不可能断裂了。

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        It might be, too- doubtless it was so, although she hid the secret from herself, and grew pale whenever it struggled out of her heart, like a serpent from its hole- it might be that another feeling kept her within the scene and pathway that had been so fatal. There dwelt, there trode the feet of one with whom she deemed herself connected in a union, that, unrecognised on earth, would bring them together before the bar of final judgment, and make that their marriage-altar, for a joint futurity of endless retribution. Over and over again, the tempter of souls had thrust this idea upon Hester's contemplation, and laughed at the passionate and desperate joy with which she seized, and then strove to cast it from her. She barely looked the idea in the face, and hastened to bar it in its dungeon. What she compelled herself to believe- what, finally, she reasoned upon, as her motive for continuing a resident of New England- was half a truth, and half a self-delusion. Here, she said to herself, had been the scene of her guilt, and here should be the scene of her earthly punishment; and so, perchance, the torture of her daily shame would at length purge her soul, and work out another purity than that which she had lost; more saint-like, because the result of martyrdom.虽然她向自己隐藏着那个秘密，但只要那个秘密象蟒蛇出洞似的从她心中一钻出来，她就会面色苍白，这或许是——应该说无疑是，将她滞留在如此息息攸关的场地和小路上的另一种感情。在这场地上居住着一个人，在这里的小路上踏着他的脚步，虽说不为世人所认可，她却自信他俩已结成一体，井将共同来到末日审判的席位前凭栏而立，在那里举行神圣的婚礼，以共同承担未来的永无止期的报应。人类灵魂的诱惑者一再把这个念头塞进海丝特的脑海，还嘲笑着搜住她的情欲和狂喜，然后又竭力让她抛掉这一念头。她只能对这个念头匆匆一瞥，便又急忙将其闭锁在它的地窖里。终于，她分析出自己在新英格兰继续后留下来的动机，并且迫使自己去相信，其实只有一半是真情，另一半则是自欺。她对自己说，这里曾是她犯下罪孽的地方，这愿也应是她接受人问惩罚的地方；这样，或许她逐日受到的耻辱的折磨最终会荡涤她的灵魂，并产生出比她失去的那个还要神圣的另一个纯洁，因为这是她殉道的结果。
        Hester Prynne, therefore, did not flee. On the outskirts of the town, within the verge of the peninsula, but not in close vicinity to any other habitation, there was a small thatched cottage. It had been built by an earlier settler, and abandoned, because the soil about it was too sterile for cultivation, while its comparative remoteness put it out of the sphere of that social activity which already marked the habits of the emigrants. It stood on the shore, looking across a basin of the sea at the forest-covered hills, towards the west. A clump of scrubby trees, such as alone grew on the peninsula, did not so much conceal the cottage from view, as seem to denote that here was some object which would fain have been, or at least ought to be, concealed. In this little, lonesome dwelling, with some slender means that she possessed, and by the license of the magistrates, who still kept an inquisitorial watch over her, Hester established herself, with her infant child. A mystic shadow of suspicion immediately attached itself to the spot. Children, too young to comprehend wherefore this woman should be shut out from the sphere of human charities, would creep nigh enough to behold her plying her needle at the cottage-window, or standing in the doorway, or labouring in her little garden, or coming forth along the pathway that led townward; and, discerning the scarlet letter on her breast, would scamper off with a strange, contagious fear.因此，海丝特·白兰并没有出走。在镇郊半岛的边缘上，有—间小茅屋远离居民区。这是原先的一名移民建起后又放弃了的，因为那一带土地过了贫瘠，不宜耕种，况且离群索居，而社会活动当时已成为移民的一个显著的习惯。茅屋位于岸边，隔着一做海水与西边一片浓荫覆盖的小山相望。半岛上只长着一丛孤零零的矮树，非但没有遮住茅屋，反倒象是在指示出这里有一个目标，而那个目标原本不情愿或至少是应该被挡得看不见的。就在这间孤随的小屋里，海丝特从仍在严密监视她的当局处获准，用她那菲薄的手段来养活她日己和她的孩于。一个疑虑重重的神秘阴影立刻就缠住了这块地方。年纪尚幼、不理解这个女人为什么会被人类的仁慈拒之门外的孩子们，会蹑手蹑脚地走近前来，窥视她在茅屋窗边飞针走线，窥视她位立门前，窥视她在小花园中耕作，窥视她踏上通往镇子的小径：待到看清她胸前的红字，便怀着一种害怕受到传染的奇异的恐惧，迅速逃开了。