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透析英语重难点语法:判断关系代词与关系副词

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发表于 2016-7-9 17:41:38 | 显示全部楼层 |阅读模式
  方法一: 用关系代词,还是关系副词完全取决于从句中的谓语动词。及物动词后面无宾语,就必须要求用关系代词;而不及物动词则要求用关系副词。例如:
          This is the mountain village where I stayed last year. 这是我去年呆过的山村。
          I'll never forget the days when I worked together with
you.我永远不会忘记与你共事的日子。
          判断改错:
          (错) This is the mountain village where I visited last year.
          (错) I will never forget the days when I spent in the countryside.
          (对) This is the mountain village (which) I visited last year.
          (对) I'll never forget the days (which) I spent in the countryside.
          习惯上总把表地点或时间的名词与关系副词 where, when联系在一起。此两题错在关系词的误用上。
          方法二: 准确判断先行词在定语从句中的成分(主、谓、宾、定、状),也能正确选择出关系代词/关系副词。
          例1. Is this museum ___ you visited a few days age?
          A. where B. that  C. on which  D. the one
          例2. Is this the museum ____ the exhibition was held.
          A. where B. that  C. on which  D. the one
          答案:例1 D,例2 A
          例1变为肯定句: This museum is ___ you visited a few days ago.
          例2变为肯定句: This is the museum ___ the exhibition was held.
          在句1中,所缺部分为宾语,而where, that, on which都不能起到宾语的作用,只有the
one既做了主句的表语,又可做从句的宾语,可以省略关系代词,所以应选D.
          而句2中, 主、谓、宾俱全,从句部分为句子的状语表地点,既可用副词where,又因 in the museum词组,可用介词in + which
引导地点状语。而此题中,介词on 用的不对,所以选A.
          关系词的选择依据在从句中所做的成分,先行词在从句中做主、定、宾语时,选择关系代词(who, whom, that, which, whose);
先行词在从句中做状语时,应选择关系副词 ( where 地点状语,when 时间状语,why 原因状语) .
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